biography
Official family
Zhou Yu was born in the gentry, and his grandfather Zhou Jing and uncle Zhou Zhong served as Han Taiwei. His father, Zhou Yi, served as Luoyang Order. Zhou Yu himself is tall, handsome and ambitious. Sun Ce and Zhou Yu are the same age and have close contacts. In 190 (the first year of Chuping), when Dong Zhuo was begged, his family moved to Shu County. Zhou Yu let the Sun family live in a big house in Lunan, and went to church to meet Sun Ce's mother. The two families made friends. Zhou Yu and Sun Ce made friends with Jiangnan celebrities here, which is very prestigious [1].
Danyang borrows soldiers
19 1 (the second year of Chuping) After Sun Jian's death, Sun Ce inherited his father's business and took charge of the headquarters. Zhou Yu is the Danyang satrap of his father Shang Zhou. Sun Ce just entered Liyang (now northwest Anhui County) and prepared to cross eastward, so he wrote to Zhou Yu. Zhou Yuling led the troops to meet Sun Ce and gave him strong support. Sun Ce was very happy and said, "It's great that I got you."
So, the two men fought side by side, crossing the river first (now the north bank of the Yangtze River in the southeast of Anhui County) and gaining Yizhou (now the east of Anhui County, the water enters the river), then crossing the river to attack Moling (now Moling Pass in Jiangning, Jiangsu Province), defeating Yan Rong and Betty, and then taking Hu Zhe (now Hushu Town in Jiangning, Jiangsu Province) and Jiangcheng. At that time, Sun Ce had grown to tens of thousands of people. He said to Zhou Yu, "I already have Hirayama's strength, financial resources and food. You'd better go back to Danyang. " So Zhou Yu led the troops back to Danyang.
Soon, Yuan Shu sent his cousin Yuan Yin to replace Shang Zhou as Danyang secretariat, and Zhou Yu followed Shang Zhou to Shouchun (now Shouxian County, Anhui Province). Yuan Shu found that Zhou Yu was very talented, so he wanted to keep Zhou Yu for himself. Zhou Yu saw that Yuan Shu would not achieve anything in the end. He only asked to be a county magistrate who lived in a nest and wanted to take the opportunity to return to Jiangdong. Yuan Shu agreed to Zhou Yu's request.
Official residence and important positions
198 (three years of Jian 'an), Zhou Yuhui (now Suzhou, Jiangsu) lived in seclusion. When Sun Ce heard that Zhou Yu had returned, he personally made Zhou a corps commander, with 2,000 troops and 50 horses. In addition, Sun Ce also gave Zhou Yuan an advocacy band to build a house for Zhou Yu, which was unparalleled in generosity. Sun Ce also said in the order issued: "Zhou Gongjin is brilliant and talented, with the same angle as me, and is a close relative of the same flesh and blood. When I was in Danyang, he led troops and sent ships' food to help me, which made me accomplish great things and rewarded me with merits. Today's return is far from repaying his support at a critical moment! " Zhou Yu was 24 years old, and Wu soldiers called him Zhou Lang.
Because of the Lujiang area, the sergeants always admired Zhou Yu's kindness and faithfulness, so Sun Ce ordered him to go out to guard Niuzhu, and later served as the leader of Spring Valley. Soon, Sun Ce will attack Jingzhou, worship Zhou Yu as China's imperial army, and conquer Jiangxia Prefecture (west of Xinzhou, Hubei Province) with the army. Zhou Yu and Sun Ce attacked Wancheng and got two daughters, Gong Qiao, both beautiful. Sun Ce married Da Qiao and Zhou Yu married Xiao Qiao. Sun Ce said to Zhou Yu, "Although Gong Qiao's daughter suffered from war and displacement, we are lucky to have the two of us as son-in-law." Then attack to find Yang, defeat, win Jiangxia, and return to the army to pacify (now Nanchang, Jiangxi) and Luling (now Ji 'an, Jiangxi). Zhou Yu stayed to guard Baqiu.
Anbang etiquette
In April 200 (the fifth year of Jian 'an), 26-year-old Sun Ce was assassinated and entrusted to Sun Quan before his death. At that time, Sun Quan only had several counties, such as Huiji, Wu Jun, Danyang, Zhang Yu and Luling, and its remote and dangerous places were not completely attached. Heroes in the world are scattered in various counties, and they have not established an interdependent relationship with Sun Shi. At the critical moment, the first people who supported Sun Quan were Zhang Zhao, Zhou Yu, Lv Fan, Cheng Pu and others. Zhou Yu led the troops from other places to attend the funeral and stayed with Wu Jun Sun Quan as a central defender. Armed to the teeth, he treated Sun Quan with the courtesy of monarch and minister, and co-managed the military and political affairs with Zhang Zhao, a long history.
After Cao Cao defeated Yuan Shao in the battle of Guandu, in 202 AD (the seventh year of Jian 'an), he ordered Sun Quan to give his son to Cao Cao as a hostage. Sun Quan didn't want to be controlled by others, so he called ministers to discuss. Ministers have different opinions, and important ministers such as Zhang Zhao and Qin Song are hesitant and undecided. Although Sun Quan didn't want to send hostages, he was a little hesitant because he didn't get strong support. So he only took Zhou Yu to discuss the matter with his mother. Zhou Yu stands firm and resolutely opposes sending hostages. He analyzed Sun Quan's interests and said, "When Chu Jun was just sealed to the edge of Jingshan Mountain, there was not enough space. His successor was wise to expand land and territory, establish a foundation in Du Ying, and occupy Jingyang land until the South China Sea. It has been passed down from generation to generation for more than 900 years. Now, general, you have inherited the old business of your father and brother, ruled six counties, and the soldiers have no worries about food and clothing and high morale. Moreover, casting mountains for copper, boiling sea for salt, people's hearts are stable, and the wind of scholars is strong, which can be said to be invincible. Why give it to people? As soon as the hostages arrive in Cao Cao's hands, we have to respond to Cao Cao, and we are bound to be subject to Cao Shi. At that time,
The biggest benefit we can get is just a party, a dozen servants, a few cars and a few horses. How can you be lonely compared with your own grades? For today's plan, it is best not to send hostages, but to wait and see Cao Cao's movements and changes first. If Cao Cao Can abides by morality and saves the world, then it is not too late for us to join in; If Cao Cao is arrogant and tries to make a living by playing with fire, he will set himself on fire. General, you just have to wait for your fate. Why give it to others? "
Zhou Yu's words spoke to Sun Quan's heart. Sun Quan's mother also thinks that this should be done. She said to Sun Quan, "What Gong Jin said is reasonable. He is only 1 month younger than your brother. I have always regarded him as my son. You should treat him as a brother. " Sun Quan did not give the hostages to Cao Cao.
For Sun Shi, Zhou Yu is loyal. According to Biography of Jiangbiao, Cao Cao remembered to use Zhou Yu for his own use and sent Jiang Gan, who was good at arguing, to lobby Zhou Yu, and Zhou Yu resolutely refused Jiang Gan. Scholars all over the world worship Zhou Yu more.
In 206 AD (the 11th year of Jian 'an), Zhou Yu led Sun Yu and others to crusade against Ma and Bao 'ertun, beheaded their leaders and captured more than 10,000 people. Huang Zu, the satrap of Jiangxia, sent Deng Long to lead thousands of people to attack Chai Sang. Zhou Yu led the army to fight back and captured Deng Long alive.
Huoshao chibi
In the autumn of 208 AD (13th year of Jian 'an), Cao Cao led an army to invade the south and occupied Jingzhou, and Cao Cao advanced on Sun Quan. When the army besieged the city, Sun Quan's ministers appeared two factions, the peace faction and the war faction. Influenced by Lu Su and Zhuge Liang, Liu Bei's subordinate, Sun Quan hesitated. Lu Su advised Sun Quan to recall Zhou Yu in Poyang.
Zhou Yu returned to Sun Quan and analyzed the key to the success or failure of Cao Cao and Sun Quan. First of all, he pointed out that Cao Jun was exhausted after a long journey; The weather is cold, and the horse has no grass to eat; Northerners are used to land warfare and are not good at water warfare. Ma Chao and Han Sui are still in Kansai, which is Cao Cao's future trouble. Then, the actual strength of Liu Biao was further analyzed, and it was pointed out that there were only 150,000 to 60,000 people from the Central Plains, and the 70,000 to 80,000 people newly reduced by Liu Biao were not welcomed by Cao Cao.
Zhou Yu recommended himself to resist Cao Jun with 30,000 chosen men. Sun Quan made up his mind, drew his sword and cut off a corner of the table, saying, "Anyone who dares to surrender again will be just like this table!"
Sun Quan ordered Zhou Yu and Cheng Pu to lead 30,000 men to fight Cao Cao. On the way, they met at Chibi. Cao Cao Jun was defeated in the first battle because he was ill and was not good at swimming. Cao Cao led the army to Jiangbei. Zhou Yu and Liu Beijun camped on the south bank and confronted each other. Zhou Yu suggested that Huang Gai beat Cao Jun with a fire meter. Zhou Yu thought it was feasible and ordered Huang Gai to cheat. As expected, Cao Cao was caught, all the boats were burned, and Cao Cao returned to Nanjun in the north.
Yan Ming ba Qiu
Zhou Yu and Cheng Pu marched into Nanjun and confronted Coss across the river. Before the two armies met, Zhou Yuxian sent Gan Ning to occupy Yiling. Coss separated some military forces and surrounded Gan Ning, who asked Zhou Yu for help. Zhou Yu adopted Lv Meng's strategy, left Ling Tong to defend the rear, and personally took Lv Meng to save Gan Ning, thus lifting the siege of Gan Ning. Zhou Yu led the troops to the North Shore and made an appointment to fight Coss. Zhou Yu rode a horse and was shot to the right. He was seriously injured and withdrew to the camp. Cao Renwen heard that Zhou Yu was ill in bed and personally commanded soldiers to attack Wu Bing. Zhou Yu stood up, patrolled the battalions and encouraged the soldiers to kill the enemy. Coss had to retreat. Sun Quan appointed Zhou Yu as a partial general and concurrently served as the prefect of Nanjun, and took Xiajun, Hanchang and Zhouling as cities to station troops in Jiangling.
After Battle of Red Cliffs, Zhou Yu proposed to Sun Quan to put Liu Bei under house arrest and directly manage the army subordinates of Liu Bei's camp, but Sun Quan disagreed. In AD 2 10 (the fifteenth year of Jian 'an), Sun Quan approved Zhou Yu's plan to conquer western Shu, but when Zhou Yu rushed back to Jiangling where he was stationed, he became seriously ill and eventually died in Baqiu at the age of 36. Sun Quan personally put on mourning clothes to mourn for Zhou Yu and was moved around. When Zhou Yu's coffin was transported back to Wu Jun, Sun Quan personally went to Wuhu to meet him, and all funeral expenses were borne by the state.
family member
Great-great-grandfather
Zhou Rong, minister of Emperor Zhang of Han Zhao and Emperor He of Han Dynasty.
great-grandfather
Zhou Xing was Shang Shulang during the reign of Emperor Han 'an.
(paternal) grandfather
Zhou Jing, less known for his honesty and ability, was first investigated as a filial piety and government official. Later, it was the secretariat of Yuzhou, where Mars and Xun Yu were engaged. They moved to Shangshuling and became autumn.
father
Zhou Yi was ordered by Luoyang.
Cousin of the same grandfather or great-grandfather
Zhou Yu's uncle Shang Zhou is the magistrate of Danyang.
Zhou Yu's uncle, son, Qiu.
Wife and concubine
Xiao Qiao, Gong Qiao's second daughter and Da Qiao's sister, is very beautiful and beautiful.
Sister's husband
Sun Jian's eldest son, Sun Ce, established the Wu regime in Jiangdong.
aunt
Gong Qiao's eldest daughter, Xiao Qiao's sister, Da Qiao, was born with the moon closed and the flowers were ashamed.
children
Zhou Xun, Zhou Yu's eldest son, his wife Sun Luban, and an official riding a captain, died early because of Zhou Yu's wind.
Zhou Yin, the second son of Zhou Yu, was originally a Xingye family, and his wife was Sun Jiazong's daughter. He was stationed in the public security and was appointed as the capital of Hou Xiang. Later, due to the sin of Luling County, he died of illness.
Zhou Yu's daughter Zhou married Prince Sun Deng.
Brother's son
Zhou Jun, the son of his younger brother Zhou Yu, was appointed as a partial general because of Zhou, leading thousands of officials.
Brother's grandson
Zhou Hu, the son of Zhou Jun. After Zhou Jun's death, Quan Cong recommended him as a general, but Sun Quan thought that Zhou Hu was inferior in character and did not appoint him.
grandchild
Sun Deng's son Sun Ying committed suicide after the coup.
later ages
Zhou Ben was a general of Yang Wu during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.
Anecdotes of life
Musical opera man
According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, Zhou Yu was proficient in temperament when he was young. Even after drinking three glasses of wine, as long as the player makes some small mistakes, he can detect them and immediately turn his head to see the person who made them. Because of his handsome appearance, Zhou Lang has a unique charm after drinking. Players are mostly women, and in order to win his eyes, they often deliberately play the music wrong. Since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, "Zhou Lang's ancient songs" have often been cited as allusions by major writers, and often appear in various literary works such as poems and operas. Li Duan, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote this poem in Listening to the Zheng: "A jade hand in the snow window, a golden harp is bright. In order to attract Zhou Yu's keen eyes, she touched the wrong sound from time to time. "
Later, Yu Liang.
In the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Zhou Yu is described as a person who fought against Zhuge Liang for the needs of literature and art, and was finally angry with Zhuge Liang. Zhou Gongjin was left behind, and Zhou Yu immediately shouted angrily. The arrow wound up again and landed under the horse. Before he died, he looked up at the sky and sighed, "Since you were born in Liang, why were you born in Liang!" This story.
Be generous to others.
Zhou Yu is generous, but Cheng Pu is at odds with him. Cheng Pu thinks he is old and often insults Zhou Yu. Zhou Yu demeans himself and never cares about him. Later, Cheng admired him very much and said to others, "associating with others is like drinking, and you get drunk before you know it." Later, the metaphor of making friends with generous people was fascinating and admirable.
Celebrity evaluation
Sun Quan said, "Gong Jin was brave and fearless. He broke Meng De and opened Jingzhou. It's hard to continue. Let's continue today. ..... Zi Ming ........................................................................................................................................................................
Zhu Gejin and Bu Zhi: "I took Zhou Yu as my pet, my servant, my life as my pawn, my life as my stone, and spared no effort to die. That's why I was able to destroy Cao in Wulin, take Cao Ren and promote it all over the country. China was stunned and confused, and I was convinced. Although Zhou Zhifang is an uncle, I am convinced.
People: "Song is wrong, Gu."
Jiang Gan: "Elegant and generous, not idle talk."
Liu Bei: "Gong Jin is better than ten thousand people. I am afraid that I will soon be a minister. "
Sun Ce: "I am noble and harmonious" and "Zhou Gongjin is handsome and talented, from the same angle as loneliness, flesh and blood. For example, when I was in Danyang, I sent a lot of people and boat food to help major events, which was not enough to reward me. "
Cheng Pu: "You won't get drunk if you drink with friends from Zhou Jin's bus."
Wang Lang: "Nothing is impossible, and the rules are fine."
Chen Shou: "It is a genius to build an independent mind and show everyone's appearance."
Lu Ji: "If you practice Buddhism, you are a master. Ritual fame, Zhang Gong as a hero; Making friends with Yu Haojun, Zhou Yu is outstanding. The two gentlemen are sensitive and strange, elegant and wise, so they are attached to the class with the party, and they are determined to make a toast. "
Xiao Chang said, "Sun Ce recruited Liu You, which benefited Hengjiang, but greatly damaged Niuzhu. Zhou Yu attacked Hengjiang for profit, crossed the river to attack Ling, and knew that he was in Jiangbei. Or: this is a great achievement. Every time the words are simple, I ignore them, so I ordered the Wulin War to be passed down by one person. "
Lu Bi said, "Gong Jin was born in the Yangtze River and Huaihe River, and he knew the danger of flooding. He has been in and out of Peng and Li for a long time and is familiar with the waves. He used his own ability to attack the public with fewer people, avoid Shun, dominate World War I, and established great honor. Liu Bei said that he is a man who supports his civil and military officials and is an Englishman above ten thousand people. That's bullshit！ Or, "If Gong Jin dies, Cao Cao will worry. Can my ancestors decide Shu? "
Mao Zedong: "Zhou Yu is a Communist Youth League member. When he was the commander-in-chief of Soochow, Cheng Pu and other veterans refused to accept it. Later, he was persuaded and won the battle. "