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Problems and solutions in the development of private nurseries? The more detailed the better, the first draft of the paper. Brothers and sisters help me not to post websites.
Problems and development trend of regional nursery development

In recent years, as an important part of urban environmental construction, landscaping has new development opportunities and promoted the development of green seedling production. With the progress of society, people pay more and more attention to the living environment, and the demand for green seedlings is growing. First, the problems existing in the development of nursery 1, the varieties produced are similar, and the nursery field lacks characteristics. Influenced by the traditional concept of planting, the phenomenon of "I plant what others plant" and "I plant what I earn" is very common. First of all, the new variety is like a gust of wind. Two years ago, new poplar varieties were hot, and every family raised poplar seedlings. After the surplus of poplar seedlings, there appeared the fever of golden weeping willow, golden locust and American red ash. Like lightning, the new variety passed in the blink of an eye. Secondly, conventional seedlings fall with the wind. In recent two years, people have developed paulownia and Populus tomentosa because of the great demand for large-scale seedling raising of paulownia and Fraxinus mandshurica. At present, it is the time to plant and cultivate big seedlings of cortex fraxini and ash. As a result, many young seedlings are overstocked and cannot be sold. Thirdly, the varieties produced by nurseries in Tianjin are similar and lack characteristics. Although the nursery area varies in size, there are no other varieties, such as cedar, juniper, poplar, willow, paulownia, Sophora japonica, holly and Berberis purpurea. 2, extensive management, seedling quality needs to be improved. Due to the increase of novices joining the seedling industry in recent years, most of them don't know much about garden nursery science and the biological and ecological characteristics of tree species. They only pay attention to information acquisition and variety selection, but can't develop seedlings according to local conditions. Some choose improper nursery land, and the soil is barren, saline-alkali or waterlogged, which is not suitable for planting seedlings. Some trees are improperly selected and evergreen trees are planted on sandy soil and loam, and clods cannot be brought when seedlings are raised. Some plants have too high planting density, too small space for seedling growth, untimely management of fertilizer and water, unbalanced growth ratio of seedlings, and "bullying seedlings" phenomenon, resulting in low rate of qualified seedlings leaving the nursery; Some do not carry out pruning and timely prevention and control of pests and diseases, which leads to poor stress resistance of seedlings, poor growth of dry shape and crown shape, low grade of commercial seedlings and low rate of high-quality seedlings leaving the nursery, which directly affects economic income. 3. Lack of uniform production standards and too many marketing misunderstandings. Nowadays, the unified, standardized and applicable quality standards have not been formulated for the seedling production in Tianjin. Although some seedling quality standards of conventional tree species and afforestation tree species in barren hills were formulated at the end of last century, they were not feasible and most of them were not adopted. As for landscape trees, especially ornamental trees, shrubs and vines, there is no standard for producing usable seedlings. This increases the difficulty of seedling production, sales and quality inspection, and also leaves opportunities for illegal operators to make profits by speculation. For example, the root width of different tree species, the diameter of soil ball 1, the protection measures of root system during transportation, the position of diameter measurement when transplanting seedlings, the standard of stem type and crown shape, etc., all have too many misunderstandings and blind spots. Because the unified standard of seedling production and marketing has not yet been issued, it is impossible to make production and operation plans according to the requirements of the required units for seedling size and quality in seedling production and operation. China's seedlings II. The development trend of nursery in China With the construction of Tianjin Binhai New Area in full swing, the greening around the Bohai Sea with Tianjin as the core is recognized as the most potential market in China in the next few years, and many people in the nursery industry have turned their attention to Tianjin. What is the current situation of Tianjin's greening market and what will be its future development trend? Wang, deputy director of Liuyuan Seedling Research Institute of Tianjin Flower and Seedling Service Center, as a local front-line expert who has been conducting production and market research for a long time, summed it up like this. 1, water-saving and salt-tolerant varieties become the first choice. Due to the special site conditions, water-saving and salt-tolerant plants have become the only rule for Tianjin to choose urban greening plants. "The degree of salinization in Binhai New Area is more serious than that in urban areas, so plants must be tolerant to salinization." Wang said that among the top 10 trees in this year's flower and seedling center, almost all of them, such as Sophora japonica, Torch Tree and Fraxinus ash, have strong saline-alkali tolerance, with a total sales volume of about 85,000. The flowering shrubs with better sales volume are mainly salt-tolerant varieties such as Yingchun and Hibiscus. Considering the large water consumption for planting cool-season lawns, Tianjin, like many northern cities, has increased the amount of hedge materials and small flowering shrubs in recent years. Especially in the case of launching a large number of greening projects this year, the sales of hedgerow plants in Huamiao Center alone reached 2.5 million. Wang believes that this trend will continue. As long as it is water-saving and salt-tolerant, all trees, flowering shrubs, ground covers and fruit trees will occupy a place in Tianjin market. 2. Large and medium-sized trees are dominant. Like the characteristics of the domestic seedling market, large and medium-sized trees have become the first choice for greening seedlings in Tianjin this year. According to Wang's analysis, due to the one-sided pursuit of large-size seedlings in previous years, the market has become more rational in the selection of seedlings this year, and the specifications are no longer blindly large, but mainly DBH 8 to 15 cm, especially 10 to 12 cm. At the same time, the greening project will require higher and higher quality of seedlings, and will pay more attention to the ornamental of seedlings. The trees required to be planted must be fully crowned and fully grown. Compared with the rapid development of trees, ground covers and flowering shrubs, lianas are not widely used in Tianjin market at present, and conventional varieties such as salt-tolerant Parthenocissus quinquefolia still occupy most of the market. 3. Varieties with strong ornamental value are more popular. Under the development goal of plant diversity, color richness and overall ornamental effect, the proportion of color-leafed tree species and modeling seedlings in Tianjin greening is increasing. Wang said that the supply of colored-leaf trees has been in short supply this year. In this year's ranking of seedling sales in the Garden Center, varieties such as Sophora japonica, Sophora japonica, Ulmus pumila and Prunus humilis all occupy the top position. Among them, the golden branches of medium-sized Sophora japonica are very large, which is difficult to meet the needs of Beijing, Henan and Shandong. In order to avoid the single expression, more and more hedgerows and small flowering shrubs are used as patterns, which are more exquisite. Therefore, all kinds of spherical seedlings, such as boxwood ball, privet ball and juniper ball, will continue to be favored by the market. In addition, the application of ornamental trees, especially in summer, will also increase ornamental fruit trees. This year, Tianjin's landscaping construction area will reach 26 million square meters. With the acceleration of urban construction, the greening market will surely advance by leaps and bounds. As we all know, garden nursery is advanced and forward-looking. Garden nursery is the material basis of urban greening development, and seedling production is the primary work of garden greening. However, due to the lag of landscape planning, System 2 reduces the normal development of garden nurseries. In recent years, the extraordinary development of Tianjin's urban ecological environment construction has stimulated and promoted the rapid expansion of garden seedling industry. Therefore, the seedling industry is developing rapidly and the demand for seedlings is large; The price of seedlings is optimistic, and the income of seedling production and operators is high, which has aroused the great enthusiasm of ordinary people to raise seedlings; New varieties, excellent varieties and fast-growing seedlings have great induction. New varieties of seedlings emerge in an endless stream, the promotion of excellent varieties is accelerating day by day, and the advanced cultivation management technology is constantly improving, which promotes the sublimation of seedling yield and the improvement of production efficiency, and also makes garden seedlings more ornamental and public welfare, and seedling production more timely and attractive; Agricultural production is sluggish and the price trend of grain, cotton and oil is too low, which also promotes the great development of seedlings in disguise. 5. The rapid development of non-public nurseries has suddenly become the main force in the nursery industry. For decades, state-owned nurseries have been in a leading position and played a leading role in the seedling industry. However, in recent years, non-public nurseries have developed rapidly. In addition to the increase of farmers turning to seedling production and management, countless people from other industries and non-agriculture have also joined the seedling industry and engaged in seedling production. 6. There are more and more trees and varieties under management. In recent years, due to the introduction of tree species from various channels, the breeding and promotion of scientific research departments and the wide application of native and rare tree species, more and more tree species and varieties are managed by seedling producers. Now a large number of flower seedlings are exported abroad. Some export varieties include: orchids, fresh cut flowers, azaleas, Ligustrum lucidum, Ligustrum lucidum, ginseng fruit, water fairy, flowery roses, tea plums, golden leaf melon seeds, boxwood, boxwood, bamboo and other dozens of shrub species and seedlings. The increase of cultivated tree species and varieties has brought more opportunities for seedlings and operators to choose and adjust seedlings, and the purchase and adjustment of seedlings across regions and provinces is increasing. 7. Regional production and intensive management show a good development trend. In many areas, regional production and intensive management are gradually becoming formal, scientific and reasonable. From the perspective of regional production, the flower industry has begun to take shape in the surrounding areas of large and medium-sized cities in the east with developed economy, and some production areas with relatively concentrated flower varieties have appeared. Another feature of industrial layout is that some provinces have formed diversified and regionalized flower producing areas. 8. The spread of seedling information is accelerating, and people's business philosophy is becoming more and more mature. With the increase of the national forest seedling exposition and information exchange meeting year by year, people's information and market concepts have been strengthened and their business ideas have become more and more mature. In recent years, various kinds of seedling trade and information fairs held by relevant state departments have increased frequently, and conferences held by provinces and cities have become increasingly popular. According to incomplete statistics, there will be dozens of games and times in September and June this year. The convening of these meetings has greatly promoted the information exchange and technical cooperation between seedling producers and operators. Coupled with newspaper, television, radio and other multimedia publicity reports, people have gained more information, and gradually become rational and mature in the introduction of new varieties, the purchase of seedlings, and the trading of seedlings. Nowadays, gardens and nurseries in Tianjin are constantly developing and improving. After years of exploration, the garden nursery industry is developing and growing.