Surgery is a science that studies the occurrence, development, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of surgical diseases, and it is a professional department with surgical resection and repair as the main treatment means.
With the application of microsurgery technology, great progress has been made in surgery. The principles of specialty setting of surgery in hospitals are similar to those of internal medicine, and usually correspond to internal medicine. Surgical diseases are divided into five categories: trauma, infection, tumor, deformity and dysfunction.
Classification of operations:
Surgery is mainly divided into general surgery, cardiothoracic surgery, hepatobiliary surgery, urology, orthopedics, neurosurgery, burns, plastic surgery, microsurgery and so on.
General surgery is mainly aimed at abdominal diseases, such as appendicitis, lymphadenitis, breast tumor, spleen trauma, intussusception, renal failure, cholecystitis, mastitis, empyema, abdominal hernia, paronychia, cholecystolithiasis, liver trauma, gangrene and hemangioma.
The main treatment fields of urology are: various urinary calculi and complex kidney calculi; Kidney and bladder tumors; Prostatic hyperplasia and prostatitis; Inflammation and tumor of testis and epididymis; Hydrocele of spermatic cord sheath; Various urinary system injuries; Congenital malformation of urinary system, such as hypospadias, cryptorchidism, hydronephrosis caused by ureteropelvic junction stenosis, etc.
Cardiothoracic surgery mainly treats chest diseases, including heart, lung, esophagus and diaphragm.
Neurosurgery mainly treats brain and spinal diseases.
Plastic surgery is a branch of surgery, also known as plastic surgery or plastic surgery. The scope of treatment is mainly skin, muscle and bone trauma, diseases, congenital or acquired defects and deformities of tissues or organs.
Treatment includes repair and reconstruction. Autotransplantation of various tissues is the main means, and allogenic tissues or tissue substitutes can also be used to repair tissue defects or deformities caused by various reasons, so as to improve or restore physiological functions and appearance.
Microsurgery: it is a subject that studies the use of optical amplification equipment and microsurgical equipment for fine surgery. Among them, the most important condition is to operate with optical amplification equipment.
Broadly speaking, microsurgery is not unique to a certain specialty, but a surgical technique that can be adopted by all specialties in the surgical discipline, and even specialized branches can be divided from this specialty, such as gynecological microsurgery, urological microsurgery, neuromicrosurgery and so on.