Planting techniques of Shatangju seedlings
Seedling requirements:
The seedlings are more than 0.5 meters high, with 3-4 main branches and more than 2 branches, the stem is 0.8 cm thick, the root system is developed, and there is no obvious mechanical damage and quarantine pests and diseases.
Planting time:
Autumn planting should be carried out after 10- 1 1 autumn shoots mature, or before spring shoots germinate, or after spring shoots mature and before summer shoots germinate.
Planting density:
The row spacing of rice plants in flat paddy field is 3m×4m, with 60 plants per mu; The row spacing of mountain plants is 3m×3m, and 75 plants are planted per mu, but most of them are properly densely planted.
Planting method:
When planting, it is necessary to cut off the plastic belt at the joint. When planting, it is best to cooperate with two people to ensure that the seedlings are upright, the roots are evenly distributed and stretched, and they are closely connected with the soil. The root neck is flush with the ground, broken soil is compacted, and root water is sprayed. Pay attention to watering and covering within two weeks after planting to keep the soil moist.
1, temperature requirements
Temperature is the limiting factor of Shatangju cultivation, which is related to the survival, yield and quality of plants. Shatangju is required to be planted in the place where the annual average temperature is 18-2 1℃ and the absolute low temperature is not lower than -5℃.
2. Soil requirements
Shatangju is not strict with soil, and it is better to use neutral or acidic sandy loam or loam with deep soil layer, loose soil, good drainage and thermal insulation, rich organic matter and pH of PH6.5-7.5.
3, moisture requirements
Shatangju has a shallow root system and is neither drought-resistant nor waterlogging-tolerant. The annual rainfall 1200-2000 mm is better.
Cultivation techniques of Shatangju seedlings
First, choose a good planting plot.
Shatangju, like other citrus varieties, has strong stress resistance, rough texture and low requirements for soil and environment, and can be planted in paddy fields, hillsides and dry land. But in order to achieve early fruiting and high and stable yield, it is best to choose rich soil organic matter, loose and deep soil layer, convenient irrigation and drainage, and soil PH value (pH value) of 5.5? 6.5 Plot planting.
Two, sugar orange seedlings should be dug or laid before planting.
1, a pit with a width of 0.8 should be dug for planting on hillside and dry land? 0.8 meters, 0.6 meters deep, fill the surface soil into the pit, apply foot manure, such as chicken manure, soil miscellaneous fertilizer, etc., and fill the soil to 30 cm above the ground.
2. If planted in paddy field, the pier should be erected without digging a deep pit. That is, the surrounding topsoil is gathered together and piled up, with an area of 1 m2 and a height of 30? 40 cm mound, and dig a drain to avoid water when it rains.
Three, Shatang orange seedling planting specifications
3 meters can be used on hillsides and dry land? 2.5 meters, that is, 80 plants are planted per mu, and 2.5 meters can be used for paddy fields. 2.5 meters, that is, per mu 1 10 plants. Close planting can make full use of land resources. The yield per unit area can be increased in the middle and early stage, 8? It can be transplanted or cut down after 9 years of enclosure.
Fourth, the planting time of Shatang orange seedlings: it can be planted in spring, autumn and winter, but it is better to plant in spring.
Chunzhi: 2? May. During this period, there is abundant rain and mild climate, and it is easy to survive and grow rapidly after planting.
Qiu Zhi: Nine? 165438+ October. During this period, the temperature is not high, and there are still several months before winter, so there is enough time to resume growth after planting.
Winter species: 1? February. This period is after the great cold, when spring comes, the weather gets warmer and the rain begins to increase. After planting, it is very beneficial to the growth of new roots and has a high survival rate.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Planting method of Shatangju seedlings
When planting Shatangju seedlings in Xinwei, it is best for two people to cooperate. One person takes the seedlings, and the other person covers the joints of the seedlings with fine mud from the root neck. Then gently stabilize it with your feet. Sprinkle foot water, then make a tree basin to prevent it from flowing out when watering, cover with weeds and keep it moist.
Precautions:
1. Roots of planted seedlings should not directly contact immature organic fertilizer, so as to avoid damaging roots and poor growth.
2, when planting seedlings can't be planted too deep, generally should be higher than the ground 20cm, in case of soil subsidence water seedlings.
3. Newly bought seedlings should be rooted with fresh yellow soil. If conditions permit, it is best to add a small amount of rooting powder to make them grow faster.
Six, field management after planting
1, if it doesn't rain after planting, it can be 3? Sprinkle water once every four days, so you don't need to shower water every day.
2. When planting in windy places, it is best to fix the seedlings with bamboo to prevent the seedlings from hanging, otherwise it will be unfavorable for growth.
3. Fertilization: Don't fertilize immediately after planting, so as not to damage the roots and waste fertilizer. Generally speaking, plants begin to take root 15 days after planting, and decomposed water and fertilizer can be applied one month later, based on the principle of diligent application and thin application. In the future, master the principle of two fertilizers for one branch: apply fertilizer once when the planted seedlings grow new buds and begin to mature, apply fertilizer for the second time when the new buds begin to sprout, and so on.
Seven, pest control
Citrus diseases and pests are serious. Practice has proved that there are more florists and pesticides planting citrus than other fruit trees. If it is not prevented in time, the growth of seedlings will be stagnant, neither dead nor alive.
1. If serious leaf curl is found after planting, some branches and leaves should be cut off in time to improve the survival rate of planting.
2. In the middle and late February of early spring, that is, before the spring buds germinate, you can choose propargite 1000. 1500 times solution to kill young mites.
3, leaf miner, red rust spider, scarab, aphid, psyllid, etc. Are the focus of prevention and control work.
(1), liriomyza huidobrensis, also known as ghost symbol, adults lay eggs on new buds, and after hatching, larvae dive into leaf epidermis to eat mesophyll, forming a curved tunnel, which makes the damaged leaves roll into a curved shape. Prevention and control: when the new bud grows to half a grain, it begins to spray poison. Every six? Spray once every 8 days, requiring 2? Three times, you can choose a good winter or chrysanthemum lipid-lowering drug.
(2) Starscream: The individual of Starscream is very small, which is not easy to see with naked eyes. It mainly sucks leaves, twigs and juice, and dense white spots appear on the damaged leaves. In severe cases, the leaves are gray and lose luster, and the leaves and fruits fall off. May to autumn is the peak period, especially in the high temperature and dry season.
(3) Aphids: Aphids generally suck the juice of new shoots, which makes the new shoots yellow and wither, affecting plant growth. In addition, it can also induce other diseases. Pesticides such as Haoniandong, dimethoate and dichlorvos can be poisoned.
Eight, the shaping of young trees:
Can young trees put out shoots in spring, summer, autumn, late summer or late autumn a year? Four times. The shaping of young trees generally requires that the trunk height of seedlings is 30? Cut off the top 35 cm, and leave 3 cm after the new buds grow. Four evenly distributed and robust new shoots are used as the primary branches, leaving the Mid-Autumn new shoots (new shoots in early September) as the secondary branches. . Because young trees generally have small branch angles and dense and upright branches, which is not conducive to the formation of a high-yield crown, artificial pulling wires can be used for shaping, so that the opening angle of the main branches and trunk should be 45 degrees to 50 degrees. After continuous shaping, a high-yield crown with compact branches and tips can be formed to achieve the goal of high yield.
Key points of planting Shatangju
According to the three-year-old tree, it is planned to bear fruit next year. The suitable time for the last autumn shoot of Shatangju should be August 20-25, that is, by constantly smearing summer buds (buds), stop smearing summer buds (buds) around August 20, and let it be taken out as the last shoot this year. If the third crop is fully mature at present, it is easy to pull out the late autumn crop in the case of more rain in the near future. After entering 10, the light intensity weakens, and the temperature drops day by day, and it is generally dry after entering 10. It is generally difficult for the leaves of the late autumn shoots to turn dark green and grow fully, and it is difficult to fully enter the flower bud differentiation. I suggest you deal with two possible situations:
(1) For plants that have begun to germinate late autumn buds, let the plants germinate late autumn buds. When the length of new shoots is about 10 cm, the new shoots in late autumn are cut to only 2-3 pairs of leaves in combination with thinning, and 0.3% concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate paclobutrazol 1 times is sprayed every 15 days, and connected with leaves.