Black-box testing is a testing method that regards the program as a black box and completely ignores the internal structure and processing of the program. Black-box testing is to test the interface of the program and only check whether the program function can work as scheduled. \x0d\\x0d\ Black box test tried to find the following problems: \x0d\\x0d\ 1. Is the function incorrect or does not meet the requirements \ x0d \ x0d \ 2. Wrong interface \ x0d \ x0d \ 3. Data structure error or external database access error \ x0d \ x0d \ 4. Performance does not meet \ x0d \ x0d \ For white-box and black-box tests, they cannot replace each other. The white box test is mainly carried out in the early stage, and the black box test is carried out in the later stage. \x0d\\x0d\ black box test: \x0d\\x0d\ 1 must be considered when preparing test cases. How to effectively test the function \ x0d \ x0d \ 2. These types of input can be constructed into good test cases. What kind of data rate and amount can the system bear \ x0d \ x0d \ The main method of preparing test data for black-box testing: \ x0d \ x0d \ Equivalence partition: \ x0d \ x0d \ Equivalence partition is a black-box testing technology, which divides the program input domain into several data classes and derives test cases accordingly. There are several heuristic rules to follow: \ x0d \ x0d \ 1. If the range of input values is specified, it can be divided into a valid equivalence class and two invalid classes \ x0d \ x0d \ 2. If the quantity of input data is specified, it can also be divided into one valid equivalence class and two invalid classes \ x0d. \x0d\\x0d\4。 If the rules that input data must follow are specified, they can be divided into valid classes and invalid classes (data that violate the rules from various angles) \ x0d \ x0d \ 5. If the input data type is specified as integer, it can be divided into three valid classes, including positive integer, zero integer and negative integer. \x0d\\x0d\ The above heuristic rules are limited, and it is impossible to help you solve all the problems encountered in reality, so the method of dividing equivalence classes depends on continuous accumulation. The essential goal of dividing equivalence classes is to prepare complete test data and test whether the functions of the system meet the requirements from all aspects.