Sex-change surgery refers to changing the original external genitalia into a heterosexual structure and removing the gonads. The marked operations are vaginal reconstruction and penile reconstruction. At the same time, shape remodeling, such as Adam's apple plastic surgery, breast plastic surgery and so on. , is to conform to the gender self-identity. After the operation, the contradiction between conscious gender and biological gender was relieved, the psychology was balanced, and sexual function returned to normal. Patients could get married and start a family, but they could not have children.

Male-to-female transsexual surgery includes laryngectomy, breast augmentation, orchiectomy, urethroplasty, labiaplasty and vaginal reconstruction. Vaginal reconstruction can be accomplished by penis flap, scrotal flap or pudendal thigh flap. If conditions permit, surgery can be performed in groups at the same time, and transsexual surgery can often be completed at one time.

The transsexual operation from female to male is complicated and difficult, which requires many operations to complete and takes a long course of treatment. Surgery includes: ① mastectomy and nipple plastic surgery to make breasts masculine. ② Excision of internal genitalia involves the removal of ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus and vagina, among which mucosal resection and vaginal atresia are very difficult and should be completed by obstetricians and gynecologists. While removing the internal genitalia, use the labia minora flap to lengthen the urethra and move up the urethral orifice. ③ Penile reconstruction, including urethroplasty, supporting tissue implantation and penile shaft plasty, among which urethroplasty is the most difficult.