Trunk means to drain the big branches at the base of the apple tree, increase the trunk height and turn on the "bottom light" to make the trunk height meet the requirements of the target tree. The trunk should start at the young tree stage, and the main branches at the lower part of the trunk should be removed. For those "stuck neck" trees with strong bottom and weak top, you can "yank" them in one step.

We can't generalize the trunk. Different trees, different terrain, different row spacing and different heights. According to the selected target tree, 1~2 main branches that are too close to the ground are drained every year until the trunk height meets the requirements of the tree.

Pay attention to the height of the trunk, and make sure that the main branches at the bottom receive sunlight.

Second, drop your head

Lowering the head refers to lowering the height of the tree and opening the "top light", and it is also to control the top advantage of the fruit tree, so as to avoid that the fruit tree is strong on the top and weak on the bottom, and the fruit in the inner temple is not colored, resulting in the branches moving out. For super-strong and prosperous trees, we should first remove the strong and prosperous side branches on the upper part of the central trunk, girdle them in time to slow down flowering, and press the top with fruit, and then gradually lower the head to the required height after the fruit is weak.

Note that due to the top advantage of the fruit tree, if the head falls too hard, it will easily cause a strong reaction of the fruit tree, which is counterproductive, so the head should be light.

Third, shrink the crown.

Crown shrinking refers to narrowing the crown and improving ventilation and light transmission conditions. For the main branches that are too strong and too long, we can use the main branches to replace them side by side or use the back branches to change heads for retraction and length control. For the side bearing branches that are too thick and too long, measures can be taken to remove strong and vigorous branches, straight and oblique branches, large and small branches, long and short branches, weak branches first, and appropriate retraction.

Fourth, thinning branches

Thinning refers to thinning from the base, after which the master-slave relationship and lighting conditions are improved. For strong branches, trees and semi-dwarf orchards should be thinned, and dwarf orchards and short branches should be thinned.

For too dense branches, the whorled branches on the central trunk leave 1, and the opposite branches leave 1. Large and medium-sized branches with sparse opposite, parallel, cross and small main branches. For useless branches, erect branches, pests and diseases and over-dense fruiting branches should be removed in time.

Fifth, pull the branches

Branch pulling refers to the method of fixing branches at a certain position and angle with branch pulling rope or thin iron wire. Take "one push, two rubs, three presses and four orientations" as an example, in which "one push" refers to holding branches up repeatedly, "two rubs" refers to kneading branches up and down repeatedly, "three presses" refers to gradually pressing branches down to the required angle on the basis of kneading, and "four orientations" refers to fixing branches with fine wires to keep them straight.

Angle: pull all permanent small main branches at about 90 degrees, straighten all temporary small main branches and large auxiliary branches at 95~ 1 10 degrees, and pull all lateral large and middle branches on the main branch to a horizontal state.