As the descendants of the ancient Central Plains people, Hakkas have inherited the excellent cultural traditions of the Chinese nation, which can be summarized as diligence, hospitality, respect for teachers and education, and patriotism and love for their hometown. Hakka people moved from the Central Plains to Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi. Because the plain area has been occupied by aborigines, they can only settle in barren mountainous areas, so life is hard and they must struggle. Hakka people's pioneering spirit and self-control ability are also outstanding. Hakka women, in particular, are famous all over the world for their diligence and virtue, excellent farm work and housework, and particularly strong family values, and are known as "iron men"; As immigrants, the early Hakkas lived in sparsely populated, backward and remote mountainous areas, and their psychological needs for interpersonal communication and solidarity were particularly strong. Although their life is hard, they have developed a cultural tradition of hospitality. Hakka ancestors "traveled south" from the Central Plains, mostly from "scholarly families", so they had a high cultural quality and always attached importance to cultural education. Among them, Meizhou has the most outstanding performance and is known as the "hometown of culture".

□ Guangdong Han Opera

Guangdong Han Opera used to be called "Waijiang Opera" and "Xingmei Han Opera", and 1933 was renamed as Han Opera. Popular in Meixian, Shantou, northeastern Guangdong and the border areas of Guangdong, Fujian and Jiangxi. During the period from Yongzheng to Qianlong in Qing Dynasty, Huizhou Opera was introduced into Guangdong and formed. The performances of Guangdong Han Opera are similar to those of Beijing Opera, xiang opera, Qi Opera and Hubei Han Opera, but they also have their own characteristics and styles. His martial arts belong to the southern school, and there are more than 100 kinds of facial makeup, mainly black, red and white. Black symbolizes courage, red symbolizes loyalty and virtue, and white and cyan symbolize insidiousness and treachery. The musical vocals of Guangdong Han Opera are mainly Pihuang, including Kunqu Opera, Gaoqiang Opera, Blowing Opera and Minor. Many ancient tunes have been preserved. Simple and honest, high-pitched and solemn are the inherent style characteristics of Guangdong Han opera music singing. His roles are divided into nine categories: Catholic, Old Student, Xiao Sheng, Lao Dan, Zheng Dan, Hua Dan, Red Mirror, Wu Mirror and Clown. Its accompaniment instruments are also quite distinctive. Killer, Dasu Gong and Horn are unique accompaniment instruments of Guangdong Han Opera. There are more than 800 traditional China dramas in Guangdong. The famous ones are Wang Qi Qiu Jiang, the wife of Priscilla, and a bag of wheat, a modern drama.

□ Hakka dialect

Hakka dialect is a dialect centered on Meixian dialect. Mainly distributed in eastern Guangdong and northern Guangdong, about 20 counties and cities in the province belong to Hakka dialect areas. It is based on Meixian dialect, because Meixian dialect has great influence and clear language. Hakka dialect is also a Chinese dialect formed in ethnic migration. Before the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the ancestors of Hakkas lived in the Central Plains. At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, various wars and natural disasters occurred in the Central Plains, and Hakka ancestors had to move south. Some moved to Hubei, Hunan and other places, and then left the chaos of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms in the late Tang Dynasty, and some went further south to Jiangxi and Fujian. By the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, the Song and Yuan Dynasties were at war, and the world was in chaos. Hakka ancestors further migrated to Guangdong and gradually settled in eastern Guangdong. In the Song Dynasty, the household registration was divided into the main account and the customer, and the latter was called the customer. In the process of immigration, because he stayed in Hunan and Hubei for nearly 400 years, he did not enter Guangdong until the Tang and Song Dynasties, so his dialect was closer to Hunan and Hubei. Among the four major dialects in Guangdong, it is also the smallest difference from Mandarin. Hakka dialect has six tones, divided into yin and yang, regardless of the upper and lower, and retains six ancient vowels. There is a great difference in pronunciation between written and spoken language. In addition, Hakka ancestors originally used northern dialects, but after living in Guangdong, they gradually disappeared under the influence of different Cantonese dialects and geographical and historical environments.

□ Meixian Waizhai

The enclosed houses in Meixian, together with quadrangles in Beijing, caves in Shaanxi, poles in Guangxi and seals in Yunnan, are called the five traditional residential buildings in China. Its unique architecture and design art have brought strong local customs to this hometown of overseas Chinese. People say that the enclosed houses in Meixian County are full of Hakka flavor. "Enclosure" is a building surrounded by fox-shaped or square auxiliary buildings, which surrounds the main house like a castle. The layout of the house is "three halls, four corridors, ten halls and nine wells": three high halls are deep and separated by patios and shadow walls; Horizontal is four rows of rooms, strewn at random; Behind is a row of houses arranged in a semicircle, called flower heads. The house has dozens of rooms, which can accommodate dozens of families for generations. The whole "enclosure" was built on the hillside, with the front low and the back high, forming a ladder shape. The outermost wall is built very high, and the windows are very small, which makes it look heavily guarded.

Looking up from the low-lying areas, the "enclosed houses" are layered like dragons, and Xingning people are also called "enclosed houses". If the sun-dried rice fields in front of the hall are put together with a semi-circular fish pond, the "enclosure" of a unit will be oval. It unifies daily life, auxiliary work and feeding and processing in the house, and at the same time, all parts do not interfere with each other and are harmonious. This is the essence of what people call "Hakka flavor". The walls of Meixian enclosure are all forged concrete, and the compressive strength and tensile shear strength are higher than those of 100 concrete. Its building scale is accurate, and the flatness and elevation of the basement wall, ground, floor and roof are all within a few millimeters. The modeling, cornice carving, indoor and outdoor decoration and painting of each house have high artistic attainments. In Mei Village, Fuliang, Baijia, Meixian County, there is a Lian Fang building built by overseas Chinese, also known as the "enclosed house" of overseas Chinese. It is nearly 100 meters long and 40 to 50 meters wide, surrounded by buildings, forming a "closed residential" compound. There are three raised bell tower doors on the front of the house. There are symmetrical reliefs of various animals and flowers on the top, up and down, left and right, and at the top of all windows, with no less than 200 large and small. At the top of the bell tower, there are statues of lions rolling the ball, Ssangyong winning the treasure, eagles spreading their wings and angels coming to the door, and there are statues of Guo Ziyi's birthday under the balcony of the main building, which are exquisite in craftsmanship. Looking at the whole floor, it is magnificent. Within the "enclosed house", there are more than 100 rooms, "ten halls, nine wells, three halls and four corridors". Finally, the long pillow house. The design of hall, hall, room, corridor, patio, upstairs and downstairs is very clever.

The "enclosed house" in Meixian has a long history, which is related to the disputes between "earth" and "guest" that occurred from time to time after the ancient Central Plains people moved south. In order to adapt to the environment at that time, the guests built houses that could live in groups to resist intruders. In order to facilitate their lives, they have integrated various living facilities such as anti-theft, fire prevention, breeding, processing, storage and drying to meet the requirements of living and working in peace and contentment. But with the improvement of people's living standards, the buildings around the house are becoming more and more perfect and exquisite. However, in the long historical development and changes, the ancient "enclosed house" will become a living form and go down in history.

□ Lantern Festival

Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month is the full moon night on the first day of the first lunar month, symbolizing happiness. The vast number of overseas Chinese meet immortals. Playing gongs and drums, dancing golden lions, welcoming lanterns and burning fireworks, and praying for a good weather, abundant crops and all the best in the new year. Puzhai Town, Fengshun County welcomes gongs and drums, and burns "smoke racks" and "fire dragons" on the night of Lantern Festival. It has a long reputation and enjoys a high reputation at home and abroad. It is said that Puzhai has been burning fire dragons for two or three hundred years. At first, sulfur, white nitrate and charcoal were not made into gunpowder, but were detonated as rockets, sparks and plows. After hundreds of years of continuous evolution, the number of tobacco racks has developed from five or seven to thirteen today, reaching more than ten meters. The fire dragon has developed from three or four sections to eleven sections today, with a length of more than 30 meters. And the use of colorful fireworks, the performance is strange, thrilling and spectacular. Three salutes were fired in the square. In the sound of gongs and drums, the dragon dance began. Hundreds of young people waved torches and ran barefoot. More than 20 strong men held up five-meter faucets, guided by hydrangeas, and nearly 100 brave men roamed the square with "golden carp", "lobster" and "Olympic fish". The elders lit the kindling rope, and after Longkou spit out the golden beads, the fire dragons in each section released colorful sparks, and the rockets roared in the air in various colors. Dragon dancers churned in the sea of fire, and the scene was spectacular. Now, Puzhai Fire Dragon has leapt to Jieyang, Meixian and Shenzhen. People's Pictorial, CCTV and more than a dozen other newspapers and radio stations all reported this.