Also known as the British phoenix tree. French phoenix tree, French phoenix tree. Platanus acerifolia is a hybrid of Platanus acerifolia and Platanus acerifolia. Deciduous trees, the height of which can reach 30 meters, are dry and straight, with wide crown, thick leaves, strong tree potential, fast growth, pruning resistance and easy modeling. Together with Tilia amurensis, Ulmus pumila and Aesculus aesculus, they are four internationally recognized first-class street trees, and they are also famous garden shade and landscape trees.

The bark of Platanus acerifolia is peeling off, and the inner layer is light green and white, beautiful and lovely. The leaves are large, palm-shaped, divided, and have strong ability to absorb smoke and dust, which can resist the pollution of various toxic gases and have obvious ecological effects. However, the shedding of fruit hairs in spring will stimulate sensitive person of respiratory tract. The new varieties of Platanus acerifolia cultivated by Nanjing Forestry University can solve this problem well, and the large-scale high grafting work in Nanjing and other places has been successful. Platanus acerifolia likes light and shade, has strong adaptability to soil, and is widely cultivated and distributed. But the root system is shallow, the branches are brittle, and the ability to resist strong winds is weak. Therefore, safety factors should be paid attention to when selecting applications in coastal areas with frequent typhoons. The main pests of Platanus acerifolia are Spinibarbus, Spinibarbus and Cerambycidae, which should be controlled in time during cultivation and maintenance.

When planting street trees, if overhead lines pass above the crown, cup-shaped pruning of "3 strands and 6 branches 12 branches" is often adopted. That is, after the buds are cut off, 3-5 stout branches near the branch point are selected as the main branches, and the rest are thinned in batches. In winter, three main branches were selected and cut at 80 ~ 100 cm, and the cutting buds were on both sides of the branches and kept in the same horizontal position as far as possible. After germination in the following spring, two first-class lateral branches are left for each main branch, and short branches of 30-50 cm are left in winter. After germination in the next year, choose the secondary lateral branches to grow obliquely. After that, the annual branches of/kloc-0 are cut into 1 .5 ~ 20 cm every year to maintain a certain crown height. If the road is not very wide and there is no wireless road above, you can use the crown. That is to say, after planting, 4-6 evenly distributed main branches are selected, and after short cutting in winter, 65,438+0 branches growing obliquely are selected for each main branch as main branch extension branches, so that the crown rises year by year, but the crown width does not expand much. After several years, a long cylindrical crown with a hollow inner hole can be formed. When planting shade trees or landscape trees, natural trees are often used.

2. Haloxylon ammodendron

Tilia amurensis. Deciduous trees, trees up to 30 meters high. Branchlets smooth or soft. The leaves are almost round, thin and smooth. Flowering from June to July, the flowers are yellow and white with fragrance. Originated in Europe, the planting in Northeast China, North China and East China has a good response. Extremely cold-resistant, like fertile, moist soil, strong germination, strong resistance to smoke and dust. Tilia amurensis has a neat crown, dense branches and leaves, and excellent shading effect. It is a famous street tree species and shade tree species, and also an excellent nectar source tree species. Homologous species: ① Tilia amurensis with broad elliptic leaves. Produced in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Henan and Hubei. (2) Tilia Nanjing (T.miqueliana), its branchlets and buds are densely fuzz, its leaves are oval, and its back is densely fuzz. Produced in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui and Jiangxi.

3.elm tree

Also known as elm. Ulm, Ulm. Deciduous trees, trees up to 25 meters high. The crown is spherical, the bark is dark gray, and the leaves are oval. Leaves bloom first in early spring, clustered on 2-year-old branches, and samara is nearly spherical. Location: Northeast China, North China, Northwest China, and the Yangtze River Basin in the south. Light-loving, cold-resistant. Not waterproof and moisture-proof, like well-drained soil. Drought tolerance, barren tolerance, mild salinity tolerance. Strong germination and pruning resistance. The main root is deep, the lateral root is developed, and the wind resistance and soil fixation ability are strong. Elm is a well-known street tree. It is tall and straight, and it is full of shade. It should also be chosen as a palace shade tree. In arid, barren and cold places, it is usually shrubby and can be trimmed into hedges. The old stem has strong germination ability and is also an excellent tree species for making stump bonsai.

4. China Aesculus

Aesculaceae, Aesculus. Deciduous trees, trees up to 25 meters high. The bark is grayish brown, smooth and the branchlets are stout. There are usually 7 palmately compound leaves, which are obovate, rectangular, with long petioles and fluff. May flowers, terminal erect panicles, white flowers with reddish purple. The fruit ripens in 9 ~ 10 months, and the capsule is spherical and yellowish brown. Originated from North China to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin, it is vertically distributed in mountainous areas below 700 meters above sea level. Nature likes light, warm and humid climate and cold tolerance, and is suitable for living in an environment with fertile soil and good drainage. The trunk of Aesculus aesculus is straight, crown-shaped, with large and beautiful leaves, which are quite gorgeous in early summer with white flowers. As an internationally famous garden tree species, it is suitable for street trees and garden shade trees. Same species: A.pavia, native to Europe, introduced into China in recent years. The tree is full of red flowers, which is more gorgeous.

5.triangle maple

Aceraceae, Aceraceae. Deciduous trees, trees up to 20 meters high. The bark is grayish brown and flaky. Simple leaves, ovate, 3-lobed at the apex, lobes extending forward, nearly equal in size; Three veins, white powder on the back of leaves. Corymb panicle, terminal, flowering in April. It is mainly produced in the mountain plains below the elevation of 1000m in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and is cultivated in North China, South China and Southwest China. Slightly tolerant to shade, strong sprouting. I like warm and humid climate and need fertile acidic or neutral soil. The same species: parthenocarpy magnolia, whose bark splits longitudinally. Simple leaf palmately 5-lobed, lobes triangular-ovate. Mainly produced in Northeast China, North China and the Yangtze River basin, mostly distributed in low-mountain deciduous broad-leaved forest or mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest. Like cool and humid climate, fertile neutral soil or calcareous soil, slightly tolerant to shade. Acer truncatum and Acer truncatum are deep-rooted tree species, with straight treetops, delicate crowns, shade in summer and flaming leaves in autumn, which can be used as street trees in important commercial streets to create seasonal characteristics of avenues. It can also be used for shade trees and landscape trees, and can be planted alone to decorate courtyards and jumping spaces; Cluster planting can set off the landscape and create a forest appearance. Nanjing's famous "Qixia Red Leaves" is the landscape of triangle maple.

6. Camptotheca acuminata

Camptotheca acuminata, Ranco. Deciduous trees, trees up to 30 meters high. The trunk is straight, the bark is gray and longitudinally cracked, and 1 annual branchlets are gray and fluffy. The leaves are oval, oval and densely veined. Flowering from May to July, the flower heads are terminal or clustered, and a constant number of flower heads form a compound raceme. Nuts, calyx disk (cushion) persistent, mature in September ~ 1 1. Produced in southern Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and other places. I like warm and humid climate, but I don't like dry and cold. Deep-rooted, like fertile, moist soil, not tolerant of drought and barren. The requirements for soil properties are not strict, it can grow in slightly acidic to slightly alkaline soil and has strong resistance to sulfur dioxide. Camptotheca acuminata is tall and majestic, and the inverted oval crown is round and plump; Elegant flowers and exotic fruits are excellent street trees, and are also suitable for shade trees or scenic forests.

7. Ginkgo biloba

Also known as ginkgo biloba. Ginkgoaceae, Ginkgo biloba. With only 1 species, this genus is a unique relict plant of Cenozoic Quaternary Glacier in China and a world-famous garden tree. Deciduous trees, the tree height can reach more than 40 meters, while DBH is more than 3 meters. Ginkgo biloba is a deep-rooted tree species with strong adaptability to adverse environment and wide cultivation distribution. There are many trees that are hundreds to thousands of years old in most parts of China, and they are still flourishing and full of vitality. An ancient ginkgo tree in Chang County, Shandong Province, with a bust of about13m and a crown projection area of more than 670m, is said to have been planted in Shang Dynasty for more than 3,000 years. Ginkgo biloba is currently recognized as an excellent tree species with the most anti-pollution and anti-pest characteristics. According to the newspaper, after Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan were bombed by atomic bombs in 1945, nothing grew in a few years, and Ginkgo biloba was the first to miraculously resurrect from the ruins. The trunk of Ginkgo biloba is straight, the crown is round and vast, and the unique fan-shaped leaves are golden in late autumn, which is very ornamental. It is not only an excellent street tree, but also a famous street tree and landscape tree. It can also be used as a bonsai tree, which is widely used in landscaping. Ginkgo biloba is dioecious. When it is used as a street tree, male plants should be selected to grow naturally to make it tall and straight. Modern cultivation applications, such as high-branch grafting, regular shaping of happy crowns, ranging from 3 to 5 forks, are magnificent and picturesque. Ginkgo biloba seeds and leaves have excellent health care and medicinal functions, fine and tough materials, whole body treasure and high economic value, which can be widely used in combination with economic planting, especially in the transformation of high-grade farmland forest network.

8. Liriodendron

Also known as jacket wood. Magnoliaceae, Liriodendron. Deciduous trees, 40 meters high, conical crown. The tip of the blade is cut off to form a micro-depression, and both sides usually split to the middle, which looks like a jacket, so it is also called a jacket. Mainly distributed in Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Yunnan and other places, mostly born at an altitude of 500 ~ 1700 meters. Like light, like mild and humid climate and deep, fertile, well-drained sandy loam, the growth rate is faster. It can tolerate the low temperature of-15℃, overwinter in the open field under the good microclimate in North China, and grow poorly in the arid and low-temperature areas. Transplanting is not tolerant, it is advisable to transplant big seedlings when the buds just germinate, and to bring soil balls after planting to strengthen maintenance. Pruning is generally not allowed, and it can be carried out in late summer and early winter when necessary. Liriodendron is very tall, with strange leaves, beautiful but not bright. In autumn, the leaves become golden and beautiful, which is a beautiful street tree and shade tree. The same species: tulip, a big tree with a height of 50-60 meters. Native to the southern United States, China's Qingdao, Nanjing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Lushan, Kunming and other places have ornamental cultivation, growing well. This kind of flower is more beautiful than the previous one, and its tree shape is bigger and more majestic. It is a world-famous garden tree species, mostly used as street trees and shade trees. The new varieties bred by the hybrid Liriodendron chinense and Liriodendron americana in Nanjing Forestry University have stronger growth potential than their parents, the growth speed of height and thickness is obviously accelerated, and the trees are magnificent. In recent years, it has attracted much attention in landscaping projects, with rapid popularization, good application effect and relatively expensive value.

9. Zhangshu

Also known as camphor. Lauraceae, Cinnamomum. Evergreen trees, up to 50 meters high. The bark is green and smooth when young, grayish brown when old, and cracked longitudinally. The leaves are ovoid and oval, alternate, thin and leathery, with three veins at the base. Crown developed, wide oval. Representatives of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved tree species are distributed in the south of the Yangtze River basin in China, and the annual average temperature is above 65438 06℃. I like warm and humid, but I can't stand the cold. When the absolute low temperature is-10℃, the trees will feel frost damage, and the young branches will freeze to death at-18℃. Deep-rooted tree species have developed main roots, few lateral roots and strong wind resistance. Strict requirements for soil, like deep, fertile and moist clay, neutral to acidic pH, high soil pH, leaves are prone to iron deficiency and yellowing, and will gradually die in severe cases. It can be treated by spraying ferrous sulfate or ferric citrate. It can also grow in wetlands with high groundwater level and can withstand short-term floods. The growth rate is moderate and slow, the camphor tree is magnificent, the shade is large and the green crown is dense. Its life span is over 1000 years. It is an excellent tree species for landscaping and is widely used as street trees, shade trees and landscape trees. Suitable for row planting, single planting, cluster planting and group planting. It is a kind of garden tree with great economic value and is worth popularizing and applying. Cinnamomum camphora seedlings generally need to be transplanted twice to cultivate lateral roots. When transplanting big seedlings, you should bring soil balls and properly sparse branches and leaves. When transplanting big trees, the crown should be cut off again, the incision should be wrapped with film, the trunk should be wrapped with straw rope to keep moisture, and posts should be erected to prevent shaking. The best transplanting time is early spring, when the new buds are just beginning to sprout. Same species: ① Mikania micrantha, evergreen tree, 20 ~ 30m high. The bark is grayish white and hard, and becomes grayish brown when it is old, with irregular longitudinal cracks. Leaves alternate, usually 3 clusters of young branches at the upper end, ovoid, nearly leathery. Mainly distributed in Zhejiang, Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi and other subtropical areas, it often grows in the evergreen broad-leaved forest on the hillside at an altitude of 100 ~ 900 meters, grows along valleys and streams, and the terrain is changeable. I like fertile and humid soil and warm climate, and can withstand the extreme low temperature of-10℃. The crown is full, the crown is like a pavilion, and the fragrance is overflowing. It can be planted as street trees and shade trees. It is also a precious garden tree species, which can extract aromatic oil. It is a national third-class protected plant with high development and utilization value. ② Cunninghamia lanceolata, an evergreen tree, at an altitude of10m. The bark is smooth and does not crack. Branchlets are glabrous, leaves are elliptic and broadly lanceolate, nearly parallel to the three main veins at the base, the surface is convex, and there are white powder and hairs on the back, which are alternate or opposite. Produced in Zhejiang, southern Anhui, Hunan, Jiangxi and other places, mostly in the valley miscellaneous forests below 600 meters above sea level. Compared with Cinnamomum camphora, Cinnamomum camphora has stronger cold tolerance, round crown and dense branches. It is an excellent germplasm of Cinnamomum camphora, which can be popularized and applied in the north of the Yangtze River, enriching the types of evergreen cold-resistant broad-leaved trees. Suitable for planting street trees, shade trees and landscape trees.

10. Magnolia grandiflora

Also known as lotus magnolia. Magnoliaceae, Magnoliaceae. Evergreen trees, trees up to 30 meters high. The leaves are oval, tough and shiny. The crown is oval and conical, with dense branches and leaves, and the tree is magnificent. May-June flowering, the flowers are big, white and fragrant, and they are born at the top of branches. Native to the east of North America, it is widely cultivated in the south of the Yangtze River basin in China. The warm and humid climate, which likes light, also has certain cold resistance. It can withstand the short-term low temperature of-19℃ without obvious damage to the leaves, but the long-term low temperature of-12℃ will freeze the leaves. Acidic or neutral soils that are fertile, moist and well drained do not grow well in dry, calcareous, alkaline and poorly drained cohesive soils. Magnolia grandiflora has deep and wide roots, strong wind resistance, moderate growth rate, strong resistance to smoke and sulfur dioxide, and few pests and diseases. As an excellent evergreen broad-leaved tree with both leaves and flowers, it has been widely used to plant street trees, shade trees and landscape trees in landscaping in recent years. In order to improve the survival rate, the branches of Magnolia grandiflora should be thinned, and the leaves should be taken off to ensure that the tree shape is not damaged. When it is used as a street tree, it can also be cut down and planted. The height of the incision is generally 2.0 ~ 2.5 meters, and 3 ~ 5 developmental branches are left under the section, which must be bandaged.

1 1. Lechang smile

Magnoliaceae, Michelia. Evergreen trees, height 15 ~ 30m. The bark is grayish brown and smooth. Leaves are thin leathery, obovate to oblong, tapering at the apex, wedge-shaped at the base, dark green and shiny on the surface. There are 2 pieces and 6 pieces of perianth, about 3 ~ 4 cm long, and the flowering period is from March to April. It has strong adaptability and rapid growth, and is native to 500 ~ 1500m mountainous areas in southern Jiangxi, eastern Hunan, eastern Guangxi and northwestern Guangdong. From the introduction and domestication in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Hubei and other places, it can resist the lowest temperature of-12℃ in winter, and occasionally a few branches and leaves are frozen when they are young. It can resist the high temperature of 4 1℃ in summer. The soil quality is not strict, and it can be safe and sound in alkaline soil with pH7.5~8. 1+0. In the introduction area, it grows fastest within 3 ~ 8 years after planting, and the average annual growth can reach more than 1 meter. Flowers can bloom in 9 ~ 10 years, and the petals and flower diameters are larger than those in the country of origin. The terminal buds usually germinate in March and April, the growth peak is in June and July, and the growth stops at 10. Michelia Lechang leaves are fragrant and have high ornamental value. The trunk is tall and straight, the leaves are thick green, the crown is full and shady, and the flowers are huge and fragrant. He is a rookie in the selection and application of urban street trees and landscape trees, and has broad development prospects.