printing block

In industrial production, metal molds are parts or products that use various presses and special tools installed on the presses to make metal materials into required shapes. This special tool is collectively called metal mold.

catalogue

Basic introduction

Basic classification is based on the nature of the process.

Classification according to the degree of process combination

Mould material

mold design

Design preparation

Processing technology

Basic introduction of maintenance

Basic classification is based on the nature of the process.

Classification according to the degree of process combination

Mould material

mold design

Design preparation

Processing technology

maintain

Expand and edit the basic introduction of this paragraph.

All kinds of tools and products used in our daily production and life are as big as the bases of machine tools and metal molds.

As small as the fuselage shell, as large as an embryonic head screw, buttons and the shells of various household appliances, they are closely related to the mold. The shape of the mold determines the appearance of these products, and the processing quality and precision of the mold also determine the quality of these products. Due to the different materials, appearances, specifications and uses of various products, molds can be divided into non-plastic molds such as casting molds, forging molds, die-casting molds, stamping molds and plastic molds.

Edit the basic classification of this paragraph.

Classification according to process attributes

(1) Stamping die A die that separates materials along a closed or open contour. Such as blanking die, punching die, cutting die, cutting die, trimming die, cutting die, etc. (2) Bending the die makes the blank or other blanks bend and deform along a straight line (bending line), thus obtaining a die with a certain angle and shape. (3) Drawing die is a die that makes the blank of sheet metal into an open hollow part or further changes the shape and size of the hollow part. (4) The forming die is a die for directly copying and forming a blank or semi-finished workpiece according to the shapes of the male die and the female die, and the material itself only produces local plastic deformation. Such as expanding die, necking die, flaring die, wavy forming die, flanging die, shaping die, etc.

Classification according to the degree of process combination

(1) Single-process stamping die A die that only completes one stamping process in one stroke of the printing machine. (2) The compound die has only one station, and the metal die is in the same station during a stroke of the press.

A mold that simultaneously completes two or more stamping processes. (3) The progressive die (also called the continuous die) has two or more stations in the feeding direction of the blank, and in one stroke of the press, two or more stamping processes are continuously completed at different stations. Progressive die (progressive die) is a cold stamping die that uses strip-shaped raw materials in one stamping stroke and completes multiple stamping processes at several different stations on a pair of dies at the same time. Every time the die is punched, the material belt moves at a fixed distance until the product is finished. In the process of continuous die stamping, the material belt always moves in one direction; Progressive die means that the material belt in the die moves in two or more directions after cutting. Call the automatic continuous die when the material belt enters the die; In the stamping production chain, the manipulator or other automation facilities used for stamping dies with different processes are used to move dies or parts to complete the stamping of workpieces. Rated dies are called multi-station dies.

Edit this mold material.

The most important factors of mold materials are thermal strength and thermal stability. Common mold materials: working temperature molding materials: zinc alloy Cr 12, Cr 12MoV, GCr 15, T8, t10 aluminum alloy, copper alloy 5CrMnMo, 3Cr2W8, 9CrSi and w65438+. W6Mo5Cr4V2, M2 500 ~ 800℃ aluminum alloy, copper alloy, steel titanium GH 130, GH33, GH37 800 ~ 1000℃ titanium alloy, steel, stainless steel, nickel alloy K3, K5 k 17 and K/Kloc.

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(1). Discuss the material direction (product material, mold material). (2). Gap size of concave-convex die. (3) The position and quantity of guide pins are sufficient. Hardware mould

(4) Whether the rebound of waste materials is considered and whether the discharging along the die is smooth. (5) Whether the monitor and waste rebound sensor are designed. (6) Correct selection of positioning plate and floating pin. (7) Whether the number, size and position of bolts (including discharging bolts) are properly selected. (8). Considering the punching force, select the punch.

Edit the design preparation of this paragraph.

1. Confirm the necessary drawings, contents of gold model specifications, etc. Before the formal gold pattern design, the following drawings or documents are usually needed: ① part drawings; (2) gold design and production instructions; (3) Design and production contracts; (4) Others should fully understand the above information, and those unclear should be confirmed by customers. 2. Grasping the outline of the drawing determines the ultimate goal of the gold mold design and must be thoroughly understood. Parts drawings provided by Japanese customers are drawn by trigonometry according to JIS drawing regulations, and usually consist of the following parts: front view, plan view, side view, section view, detailed view, reference view, comments, tolerance list, official mark list, title bar, and other aspects that should be paid attention to in the process of viewing: ① places with strict tolerance requirements; (2) the part that has influence on the gold structure; 3 existing hardware molds

The incomprehensible part of the painting; (4) Matters highlighted in the notes (5) Special materials and heat treatment requirements; 6. Thin-walled parts (T

Edit this process.

The main goal of roughing die roughing is to pursue the material removal rate per unit time and prepare the geometric outline of the workpiece for semi-finishing. In the process of cutting, the change of the metal area of the cutting layer leads to the change of the load on the tool, which makes the cutting process unstable, the tool wear speed uneven and the quality of the machined surface decline. Many CAM softwares developed can keep the cutting conditions unchanged by the following measures, thus obtaining good machining quality. Constant cutting load. Through calculation, a constant cutting layer area and material removal rate can be obtained, thus balancing cutting load and tool wear rate and improving tool life and machining quality. Avoid sudden change of tool feed direction. Avoid burying tools in the workpiece. For example, when machining a mold cavity, the tool should not be inserted vertically into the workpiece, but should be lowered obliquely (usually at an inclination angle of 20 ~ 30), and it is best to use a downward spiral tool to reduce the tool load; When machining the die core, try to cut the tool from the outside of the workpiece, and then cut it horizontally. When cutting and cutting the workpiece, the tool should be inclined (or curved) to avoid vertical cutting and cutting. Climbing cutting can reduce cutting heat, reduce tool stress and work hardening degree, and improve machining quality. The main goal of semi-finishing die semi-finishing is to make the contour shape of workpiece smooth and the surface finishing allowance uniform, which is especially important for tool steel die, because it will affect the change of cutting layer area and tool load during finishing, thus affecting the stability of cutting process and the quality of finished surface. Rough machining is based on Volumemodel and finish machining is based on Surfacemodel. However, the geometric description of parts in the previously developed CAD/CAM system is discontinuous. Because there is no intermediate information describing the machining model after rough machining and before finishing, the distribution and maximum residual machining allowance of the blank surface are unknown. Therefore, the semi-finishing strategy should be optimized to ensure the uniform residual machining allowance on the workpiece surface after semi-finishing. The optimization process includes: the calculation of contour after rough machining, the calculation of maximum residual machining allowance, the determination of maximum allowable machining allowance, the division of curved surfaces with residual machining allowance greater than the maximum allowable machining allowance (such as areas with transition radius smaller than the radius of rough machining tool such as grooves and corners), and the calculation of tool center trajectory during semi-finishing. Most of the existing CAD/CAM softwares for high-speed machining of molds have the function of residual machining allowance analysis, and reasonable semi-finishing strategies can be adopted according to the size and distribution of residual machining allowance. For example, the HyperMill and HyperForm software of OpenMind provide Pencilmilling and Restmilling to remove the corners with large residual machining allowance after rough machining, so as to ensure uniform machining allowance in subsequent processes. Localmilling of Pro/Engineer software has a similar function. For example, the residual machining allowance of local milling is equal to the residual machining allowance of rough machining. In this process, only small-diameter milling cutter is used to remove the uncut corners of rough machining, and then semi-finishing is carried out; If the residual machining allowance of local milling is regarded as the residual machining allowance of semi-finishing, this machining can not only remove the uncut angle of rough machining, but also complete semi-finishing The latest development is that the external computer is directly connected with the CNC machine tool through the RS-232C serial port, so that the CNC program can be transmitted quickly and accurately. Moreover, the external computer can be connected with multiple CNC machine tools with the same or different control systems to share information, and can manage the information in the production process in the CNC workshop composed of multiple machine tools, reducing the production preparation time, especially the preparation time of CNC programs. With the maturity of CAD/CAM and integrated management software and the increasing demand for flexible manufacturing system, the use of CNC machine tools, from stand-alone use to computer integrated management, is the development direction of production and processing technology. It is based on the above problems in machining industry, the introduction of new technologies and concepts in CAD/CAM system, the continuous introduction of MIS system and ERP system, and the development of CIMS technology in China that the information integration at the bottom of the workshop is the most important. To this end, we have designed and developed the following products for the integration of workshop processing equipment. The high-speed finishing strategy of finishing die depends on the contact point between tool and workpiece, which varies with the slope of curved surface and the effective radius of tool. For the processing of complex surfaces composed of multiple surfaces, it is necessary to process them continuously in one process as far as possible, instead of processing each surface separately, so as to reduce the number of tool lifting and cutting. However, due to the change of surface slope in machining, if only the step is defined, the actual step may be uneven on surfaces with different slopes, thus affecting the machining quality. Pro/Engineer's solution to the above problems is to define the trimming quantity first, and then define the scallop machine); Machining surface. HyperMill provides an equidistant machine tool, which can ensure uniform side feed between cutting paths and is not limited by the slope and curvature of curved surface, and ensure that the tool always bears uniform load during cutting. In general, the radius of curvature of the machined surface should be greater than 1.5 times of the cutter radius to avoid sudden change of the feed direction. In the high-speed finish machining of dies, when cutting in and cutting out workpieces, the feed direction should be changed as far as possible with arcs or curves to avoid straight lines, so as to maintain the stability of the cutting process. Optimization of feed speed At present, many CAM softwares have the function of optimizing and adjusting feed speed: in the process of semi-finishing, the feed speed decreases when the cutting layer area is large, and increases when the cutting layer area is small. The optimal adjustment of feed speed can stabilize the cutting process and improve the quality of machined surface. The cutting layer area is automatically calculated by CAM software, and the adjustment of feed speed can be set by users according to machining requirements.