(1) natural happy single trunk;
After planting, select 1 trunk, fix the trunk at a height of 60-80 cm, and then select 3-5 strong branches from new shoots for main branch culture, leaving no center. The remaining new branches only have a few branches with room for growth as auxiliary branches, and the rest are thinned out. For the selected main branches, the angle is widened by pulling, and the length is shortened by L/3 when cutting in winter, which promotes the lower branches to be multi-branched. L-2 lateral branches are selected from each main branch, and bearing branch groups are arranged on the lateral branches. After shaping, the whole tree has 3 main branches and 3-6 lateral branches, and the height and crown width of the tree are controlled within 2-2.5 meters.
(2) Multi-trunk natural happy modeling:
Let it grow in the first year of planting and wash it in the second year, leaving three branches with equal strength and slightly inclined growth as the main branches, removing the rest and removing new buds at any time, which is called "clearing the pier". Select 3-4 large lateral branches on each trunk, 1 lateral branches are 60-70cm away from the ground, and the distance between other adjacent lateral branches is 50-60cm. Each main branch is equipped with 15-20 large and medium-sized fruiting branches respectively. After shaping, the whole tree has 3 main branches, 6- 12 lateral branches and 45-60 large and medium-sized fruit branches, and the height and crown width of the tree are between 3.5-4 meters. Pomegranate branches are soft and droop naturally after fruiting, so the main branch angle should not be too wide during plastic surgery, and the main branch angle should be 35-40. In addition, the number of backbone branches should be moderate, too much will easily lead to crown closure, weak tree potential and reduced fruit quality.
(3) Pruning in the young tree period:
After pruning for 4-5 years, according to the requirements of the selected trees, choose to cultivate the backbone branches at all levels and cultivate the fruiting branches. At the same time, it is necessary to remove delicate branches, redundant secondary branches under scissors and branches sprouting at the base of the trunk in time. For a disciple's long branches, it is awkward to thin them out. Even drooping long, shrinking and transforming into fruit branches after fruiting?
(4) Pruning trees in the first fruiting period (five years after planting):
At the beginning of fruit, the crown expands rapidly and has strong growth potential. For the first pruning, it is necessary to complete the cultivation and adjustment of each group of backbone branches and cultivate fruiting branches. Secondly, we should reduce the tree vigor by pruning to ensure high yield and high quality. It is necessary to give priority to light cutting and thinning, remove strong branches and leave medium and weak branches; Remove the upright branches, leaving the inclined and horizontal branches. For upright branches, they can also be transformed into large and medium-sized fruiting branches by twisting and pulling.
(5) Pruning of trees in full fruit period (over 10 years old): The growth potential of trees in full fruit period is weak, so pruning should be used to adjust the relationship between growth and fruiting, keep the trees strong and prolong the fruiting life. When the vegetative branches around the crown become weak, they should be cut short to restore vitality. As a result of the decline of seed-setting ability, the branch group should be retracted and updated, generally to the place where the branch is strong or upward. In the full fruit period, the crown is often closed and the internal light is not good, so the upright and strong branches on the periphery and upper part of the crown should be completely sparse. Trees with too many main branches should be drained or shrunk as appropriate. If the angle is too small to grow vertically, you can change the back branch or pull the branch to open the angle. The twigs, sprouting branches and dead branches in the crown should be removed. Pomegranate grows in large quantities, especially young trees. New shoots can grow 2-4 times a year, and the number of new shoots is large, which is easy to cause canopy. Therefore, pruning during the growth period is very necessary. It can be carried out after sprouting in spring, flowering in summer and harvesting in autumn, thinning out sprouting branches, vigorous branches and crowded branches, removing the core from long branches, and widening the angle with bracing, so as to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of trees and relieve tree vigor.