At the beginning of the reign of Song Gaozong and Zhao Gou, Li Gang, a popular anti-Japanese faction at that time, became prime minister. At this time, there were loyalist militia in Hebei and Hedong areas to resist the invasion of 8 Jin Army. Li Gang wanted to organize, lead and use these forces to make them play a greater role, so he recommended to stay in Tokyo, Zhang as the envoy of Hebei West Road, Wang You as the envoy of Hedong Economic System, and Fu Liang as the deputy envoy of the economic system. He put forward a series of strategies, such as reforming the military system, rectifying military discipline, recruiting troops, and deploying and recovering lost land in Hedong Hebei. And, Huang Qian Shan, and others just want to cede the land, send lucky money, let the Jin people stop marching, and never dare to make a plan of armed resistance, obstructing and destroying Li Gang's plan from all aspects. Li Gang was deposed only 75 days after he took office, and Zhang Suo and other anti-Japanese factions were also deposed. Chen Dong, a student who wrote against gold, and Ouyang Che, a scholar, were also killed.
Jurchen nobles burned, looted and forced slaves in the north, which aroused the armed resistance of the people in the north. People in Hedong area, marked by red scarves, organized armed forces and attacked 8 Jin Army everywhere. Loyal militia in Zezhou (now Jincheng, Shanxi Province) and Luzhou (now Changzhi, Shanxi Province) once stormed the Jinjun Dazhai, and Wan Yan Han Zong, deputy marshal of Jinzuo, was almost captured. Jurchen nobles hate the Red Scarf Army, so it is most urgent to arrest them one by one. They often kill civilians to vent their anger, but the Red Scarf Army is getting stronger and stronger. On Wumashan Mountain (now Zanhuang, Hebei Province), officials Zhao Bangjie and Ma Kuo led an anti-gold team. They called on people who claimed to believe in the king, and the number reached more than100000. Many anti-gold armed forces in various places responded. Zhao Fu Division of Hebei West Road controlled Wang Yan, led the army to cross the river, captured Xinxiang County, and was defeated by 8 Jin Army. Wang Yanling led the troops to Xishan in * * * City (now Huixian County, Henan Province). His men tattooed the words "Serve the country wholeheartedly and swear to kill the gold thief" on their faces to show their determination to fight the 8 Jin Army to the end. Since then, this army has been called the "Eight-character Army". Loyal militia in Liangjiang area accepted Wang Yan's leadership one after another, and the team expanded to more than 100,000 people, defeating 8 Jin Army many times. In addition, Liu Liyun, Yang Hao, Zen Master He Zhi, Liu Limang and others in Youyan area also organized anti-gold teams respectively. Zhang Rong's water army led by Liang Shanbo, the militia in Shaoxing, Shaanxi (later renamed Shao Long) and Shao Yi also bravely resisted the gold.
In fact, Zhao Gou, Huang Qianshan and Wang Boyan are hostile to the people in the north. They moved Hangzai to Yangzhou for their own enjoyment. Only Zong Ze, who stayed in Kaifeng, United the peasant rebels who joined under his banner, and kept close contact with the loyal militia north of the Yellow River to rectify the defense and enhance the fighting capacity. In the winter of the first year of Jian 'an, in the spring of the second year, Zong Ze led the army to repel the massive attack of 8 Jin Army. However, his plan to recover lost territory was not approved by Zhao Gou, and his several appeals to Zhao Gou to return to Tokyo were not adopted, so he died. Du Chong, who took over the Tokyo regime, opposed Zong Ze. The northern people's anti-Jin armed forces also suffered setbacks and were defeated by the Jin army one after another.
From the autumn of the second year to the spring of the third year, Jin Jun launched an offensive again, with the striker pointing to Yangzhou and fleeing to the south of the Yangtze River. Shortly after arriving in Hangzhou, Miao Fu and Liu Zhengyan staged a coup, forcing Zhao Gou to abdicate. Lv Yihao and Zhang Jun contacted Han Shizhong, Liu Guangshi and Zhang Jun for the "diligent king", but the coup failed. Tokyo stayed in Du Chong to abandon Kaifeng, and led the army back to Jiankang House in the south of the Yangtze River (now Nanjing, Jiangsu). That winter, Jin Jiang led an army to cross the river with Zongbi, occupied Jiankang House, Du Chong surrendered, set out from Hangzhou and drifted to sea. Jin Jun chased Mingzhou (now Ningbo, Zhejiang) and was constantly attacked by soldiers and civilians in the Southern Song Dynasty. Therefore, in the spring of four years, I was plundered and then retreated to the north. Han Shizhong intercepted 8 jin j in Huangtiandang area and held a stalemate for 40 days. 8 jin j defeated Han Shizhong army with fire and returned to health. Yue Fei led the troops to recover Jiankang House, and 8 Jin Army retreated to the north of the Yangtze River. In the first year of Shaoxing (1 13 1), Zhang Rong's water army defeated Jin general Wan Yanchang in Suotou Lake, Taizhou (now Jiangsu), and captured Wan Yanchang's son-in-law to survey Cuba. 8 jin j was forced to give up Huaidong again.
In September of the fourth year of Jianyan, the Jin Dynasty established Liu Yu as the "Emperor of Daqi", established a puppet regime to fight against the Southern Song Dynasty, and assembled heavy troops to attack Sichuan and Shaanxi. In the same month, Song Chuan, Fu Xuan, Shaanxi, deployed Zhang Jun to command Liu Xi to lead the Fifth Route Army, and held a large-scale battle with Jin Wanyan Zongfu (misspelled Li Duo), Wan Yanzong Bi and Wan Yan Loushi in Fuping (now Shaanxi). Song Jun was defeated and most of Shaanxi Fifth Road was lost. Wu Jie, the commander-in-chief, led an army to guard the monk Yuan near Dasanguan (now near Baoji, Shaanxi) to shield Xichuan. In October of the first year of Shaoxing, Hong Yanzong Bi led an army to storm Shangyuan, and Wu Jun led an army to resist tenaciously, hitting the 8 Jin Army hard. Hong Yanzong was shot by two arrows, and the Jin army suffered its first fiasco since the demise of Liao and Song Dynasties. In the first month of three years, Jin Jun captured Jinzhou (now Ankang, Shaanxi). Wu disagreed and led his troops to Raofengguan (now Shiquan West, Shaanxi Province) to meet the enemy and was defeated. From February to March of four years, Wu Wu Jun was in Xianrenguan (now south of Huixian County, Gansu Province), and once again defeated Yan Zongbi's heavily. 8 jin j retreat to Fengxiang, temporarily afraid to spy on Sichuan.
From May to July in Shaoxing four years, Yue Fei set out to counterattack the pseudo-Qi, including Yunzhou (now Zhongxiang, Hubei Province), Suizhou (now Suixian, Hubei Province) and Xiangyang Prefecture (now Xiangfan, Hubei Province), and thwarted the counterattack of Li Cheng, an expert of the pseudo-Qi, near Xiangyang Prefecture. Yue Fei sent Wang Gui and Zhang Xi 'an into Dengzhou (now Dengxian County, Henan Province), defeated tens of thousands of Jin and Qi allied forces, and captured Tang Zhou (now Tanghe, Henan Province) and Xinyang Army (now Xinyang, Henan Province). Station troops in Ezhou (now Wuchang, Hubei). Yue Fei successfully recovered six counties in Xiangyang as scheduled, which was the first time since the establishment of political power in the Southern Song Dynasty to recover lost land on a large scale.
In September of Shaoxing four years, the allied forces of Jin and Qi crossed the Huaihe River from Sizhou (now Xuyi, Jiangsu) and Chuzhou (now Huai 'an, Jiangsu) and invaded the south on a large scale. In October, a striker of 8 Jin Army was ambushed by Han Shizhong Army in Dayi Town, Yangzhou (now northwest of Yangzhou, Jiangsu). The allied forces of Jin and Puppet Qi attacked Luzhou City (now Hefei, Anhui Province), and Yue Fei was ordered to lead his troops to rescue and break the enemy again in Luzhou City.
After four or five years of hard struggle, the rule of the Southern Song Dynasty was stabilized. In the sixth year of Shaoxing, Zhang Jun, the prime minister and governor of Shaoxing, deployed Han Shizhong to attack Huaiyang Army (now Pixian West, Jiangsu). Yue Fei led the army and defeated Rujun, Zhou Guo (now Lushi, Henan Province), Shangzhou (now Shangzhou, Shaanxi Province) and Heshun (now southwest of Songxian County, Henan Province) and arrived in Cai Zhou (now Runan, Henan Province). The puppet Qi asked the ruler for help, but he was rejected. He did not hesitate to put all his eggs in one basket and split his troops to invade the Huaihe River and Huaihe River. The pseudo-Qi army was stopped in Outang (now southeast of Dingyuan County, Anhui Province) and fled in defeat. Yue Feijun broke the shunt attack of the Jin-Puppet-Qi allied forces in Tang, Deng and other states, and arrived in Cai Zhou again, repelling the enemy's pursuers.
In the seventh year of Shaoxing, Song Ting ousted Liu Guangshi, commander-in-chief of Huaixi Army who feared the enemy and the war. However, due to improper handling, under the threat of Li Qiong, the deputy generals controlled most of Huaixi troops to defect and surrender to the puppet troops, which shocked the ruling and opposition parties. Prime Minister Zhang Jun resigned. Zhao Gou cancelled Yue Fei's Northern Expedition Plan. Zhang and others gained political power, abolished the pseudo-Qi regime and induced surrender. In March of the eighth year of Shaoxing, Zhao Gou appointed Qin Gui as Prime Minister and decided to make peace. Zhao Gou and Qin Gui engaged in extremely humiliating begging and begging activities, which aroused strong opposition from the broad masses of the people and many literati. Li Gang, Zhang Jun, Han Shizhong and Yue Fei. Have opposed the "peace talks." Hu Quan, editor of the Privy Council, took advantage of this and demanded that Qin Gui and others be beheaded to thank the world. Zhao Gou dismissed the officials who advocated the Anti-Japanese War, exiled Hu Quan, used the peace faction to control public opinion, accepted the terms of peace talks and tributes, sent Qin Gui to kneel on his behalf, and accepted the letters from the rulers. The Jin Dynasty returned Shaanxi and Henan to the Song Dynasty.
Wan Yanzong Bi gained power in the political struggle of the Jin Dynasty, killing Wan Yanchang and others, tearing up Shaoxing's ten-year peace treaty, dividing the troops into four roads, invading south on a large scale, quickly seizing the land of Shaanxi and Henan, and advancing into the Huaihe River. Zhao Gou was forced to order the army to resist. The new deputy left-behind in Tokyo led Wang Yanqian's eight-character army to Shunchang Prefecture (now Fuyang, Anhui Province) and defeated Zongbi's main force of 8 Jin Army. Hong Yanzong retreated to Bianjing, Song Jun was attacked by a shunt, and Han Shizhong captured Haizhou (now Lianyungang, Jiangsu) and other places. Wu Lin, Zheng Yang and Guo Hao. Repeated battles and defeats in Shaanxi. Later, due to Tian Sheng's defeat in Jingzhou (now Jingchuan North, Gansu), Song Jun retreated to Kawaguchi. 8 jin j also due to more casualties, retreat to Fengxiang mansion, no longer play. Yue Fei formulated the strategic policy of "connecting the river with the new moon" earlier, and actively kept close contact with the loyal militia in the north. He sent Liang Xing, Zhao Yun, Dong Rong and others to the north of the Yellow River, organized guerrillas, attacked extensively, harassed 8 Jin J, and led the main force northward. Even Cai Zhou (now Runan, Henan), Yingchang House (now Xuchang, Henan), Huaining House (now Huaiyang, Henan), Zhengzhou House (now Luoyang East, Henan) and other places, Song asked Zhang Jun to pay tribute himself. Jin Shuai WanYanZongBi took the opportunity to fight back. In the battle of Yancheng, Yue Feijun defeated the main cavalry of the rulers head-on with less troops. Then Wang Gui, Yue Yun, etc. And defeated the nomads from Yingchang, and the situation was extremely favorable to the Song Dynasty. Yue Fei wrote to Zhao Gou, demanding that all walks of life in Song Jun strive to recover lost ground. The broad masses of the people also heard the response, and many counties were captured by the loyalty army. However, Zhao Gou and Qin Gui urged troops from all walks of life to stop attacking and withdraw to their original headquarters. Yue Fei was forced to transfer soldiers and the rulers reoccupied Henan. Han Shizhong, Liu Di and other troops have also withdrawn from the front. Yang Yizhong's army, which had just arrived at the front, was also defeated in Suzhou.
In the spring of the eleventh year of Shaoxing, the Jin army attacked Huaixi. In Gao Zhe Town (now North of Chao County, Anhui Province), it was defeated by Yang Yizhong, Liu Bi and Wang De, and Song Jun recovered Luzhou. 8 Jin Jun returned to Haozhou (now Fengyang, Anhui) and defeated Han Shizhong, Zhang Jun, Yang Yizhong and other reinforcements respectively. Yue Fei reinforcements arrived and 8 Jin Army returned to Huaibei. In September, Wu Lin and others subsequently captured Qin Zhou (now Tianshui, Gansu) and Longzhou (now Longxian, Shaanxi), winning the battle of Danjiawan. Nevertheless, it didn't change Song Ting's decision to compromise and live in peace.
Zhao Gou and Qin Gui conspired to get rid of generals such as Yue Fei and Han Shizhong and set up unjust prison. They killed Yue Fei and war generals Zhang Xian and Yue Yun on trumped-up charges, and forced the anti-Japanese Han Shizhong and others to retire.
In the same year 1 1 month, the capitulators headed by Zhao Gou and Qin Gui signed a humiliating peace treaty with the rulers. The main clauses are as follows: ① The Southern Song Dynasty became a vassal of the Jin Dynasty, and "the descendants of the world should observe the Minister's Day". (2) During the Song and Jin Dynasties, it started from the middle reaches of Huaihe River in the east and reached Dasanguan (now southwest of Baoji, Shaanxi) in the west. Tang Zhou (now Tanghe, Henan), Dengzhou (now Dengxian, Henan), Shangzhou (now Shangxian, Shaanxi) and most of Qin Zhou belonged to the Jin Dynasty. (3) The Southern Song Dynasty exported 252,000 pieces of silver and 250,000 pieces of silk to the rulers every year. This is the so-called "Shaoxing Peace Talks".