1. Use small hemostats to clamp and lift the two edges of the external oblique aponeurosis, and use the index finger wrapped with gauze to separate the two sides deep to the incision edge of the aponeurosis. The lower lateral edge needs to be separated from the inguinal ligament, and the upper medial edge needs to be separated from the internal oblique muscle, the free edge of the transverse abdominis muscle, and the conjoined tendon [Figure 3-5]. During the separation process, care should be taken not to damage the iliohypogastric nerve and ilioinguinal nerve deep to the external oblique aponeurosis. 2. Pull the internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles upward with a right-angle retractor to expose the spermatic cord and the cremaster muscle overlying it. Cut the cremaster muscle in front, use a small hemostat to gently clamp the incision edge and pull it to both sides, and you can see the spermatic cord. Carefully separate the spermatic cord, pay attention to its surrounding tissue, and look for the hernia sac medially and superiorly to the spermatic cord. When there is difficulty, the patient can be asked to cough hard or contract the abdominal muscles to protrude the hernia sac. After the hernia sac is identified, it can be lifted and incised. 3. High-position ligation of the hernia sac. To perform high-position ligation of the hernia sac, the hernia sac must first be separated upward to the inner ring. When separating the hernia sac, you can use hemostatic forceps to lift the incision edge of the hernia sac, and use the left index finger to extend into the hernia sac as support. Then use the right index finger to wrap gauze around the hernia sac to carefully separate it bluntly, and gradually separate the hernia sac from the spermatic cord and other tissues. When the hernia sac is separated upward and extraperitoneal fat is seen, it has been divided above the hernia sac neck. In the inner ring, nearby organizational structures should be identified. On the inner side of the hernia sac, an arc-shaped defect edge of the transversalis fascia is often seen. By extending your fingers into the abdominal cavity through the neck of the hernia sac, you can feel the inferior epigastric artery pulsing inside and below the internal ring. The spermatic cord is outside and below the hernia sac, and the vas deferens is often close to the wall of the hernia sac, so damage should be avoided during separation. Then use your fingers to push the contents of the hernia into the abdominal cavity. 4. First, gently pull the upper spermatic cord outward and downward, and use No. 4 silk thread to intermittently suture the arc-shaped defect of the transverse abdominal fascia. Generally, 3 to 5 stitches are needed. The inner ring after suturing should prevent the spermatic cord from being compressed. Approximately enough to pass the tip of a hemostat. When suturing, care should be taken to avoid damaging the inferior epigastric artery on the medial side and the external spermatic and pubic blood vessels that penetrate deep from the transversalis fascia. Secondly, after the cremaster muscle incision edge is sutured intermittently, the joint tendon is intermittently sutured to the inguinal ligament from the top with No. 7 silk thread, with a stitch distance of about 1cm. After everything is sewn, knot the threads from top to bottom. The pinhole on the inguinal ligament should be shallow and wide to prevent damage to the femoral artery and vein. Do not sew several pinholes between the same fiber bundles to prevent tearing after tightening and affecting the strength after repair. When suturing, care should also be taken to avoid excessive tension, which may affect healing. 5. Take the "umbrella-shaped" meshplug and sew it on the neck of the hernia sac, fill the inner ring, trim the meshpatch patch and place it behind the spermatic cord, and fix it to the pubic periosteum, inguinal ligament and syndesmotic tendon with sutures. Strengthen the abdominal wall.