Historical Background Urumqi is a city with a long history. As early as the Neolithic Age, human beings lived and multiplied here. The first person to enter this place was an ancient aunt-an automobile engineer. The Eastern Han Dynasty was a part of the Six Kingdoms of Dongshi. In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, the Han government set up a captain, Wuji, in Jin Man (Jimsar) near Wulumu to safeguard the security of the northern Silk Road. In 640 AD, the Tang government established Tingzhou in the northern foot of Tianshan Mountain, which governed four counties. This area is called luntai county. At present, the ruins of the ancient city on the south side of Wulabo Reservoir in the southeast suburb of Urumqi were the military center of luntai county at that time. Cen Can, a frontier poet, lived in Luntai for three years and wrote such a poem: "From the observation deck, you can see dust and black smoke, and the China army is camping north of Luntai." . The large-scale development of Urumqi began in the 20th year of Qing Qianlong (1755). The Qing government encouraged land reclamation and reduced grain tax, and Urumqi became a "prosperous and rich land". In the twenty-third year of Qianlong (1758), the Qing army built a tucheng outside the south gate today, which is the embryonic form of Urumqi. Later, in the 28th year of Qianlong (1763), the old tucheng extended northward, reaching a circumference of five miles and four minutes. After its completion, Qianlong was given the name "Dihua". In the 10th year of Guangxu reign (1884), Xinjiang was established, and the military and political management center of the Qing government in Xinjiang was transferred from Yili to Dihua, becoming the provincial capital. 1949, Xinjiang was peacefully liberated and Dihua Municipal People's Government was established. 1 954 February1day, Dihua officially resumed its original name as Urumqi. Now, this city with a long history of 1300 years has become a modern metropolis, and the Hongshan in the city center is its symbol. In 702, the Northern Dynasty was established in Tingzhou, and the number of rotating troops increased. According to the New Tang Book. "Tubo Biography" "Luntai, Yiwu wasteland, facing the other side of the river". Cen Can, a frontier poet who lived in Luntai for three years, wrote such a poem: "From the observation deck, we can see dust and black smoke, and the China army is camping north of Luntai." . In 77 1 year, the Tang government set up the "Static Serbian Army" on the platform to station in this strategic place. The large-scale development of Urumqi began in the 20th year of Qing Qianlong (1755). The Qing government encouraged land reclamation and reduced grain tax. At one time, Urumqi's agriculture, commerce and handicrafts developed rapidly and became a "prosperous and rich land". In order to meet the needs of population growth, land reclamation and commercial trade, the Qing army built a tucheng outside today's south gate twenty-three years ago (1758). The city is "five minutes a week, one foot and two meters high", which is the embryonic form of Urumqi city. Later, in the 28th year of Qianlong (1763), the old tucheng extended northward, reaching a circumference of five miles and four minutes. After its completion, Qianlong was named "Dihua". In the thirty-seventh year of Qing Qianlong (1772), a new city, Gongning City, was built in the west of Dihua City. In the thirty-eighth year of Qianlong (1773), Tongzhi in Urumqi was changed to Duhua Prefecture, and Counsellor in Urumqi was changed to Dutong in Urumqi. The Governor of Shaanxi and Gansu played Brigadier General Ma Rikun Road and moved to Gongning City, Dihua Prefecture. So Gongning City became the military and political ruling center of the Qing Dynasty in Urumqi at that time. In the 10th year of Guangxu (1884), the Qing court decided to establish Xinjiang province in Gansu, with its capital in Dihua. Since then, Dihua has become the political center of Xinjiang. The following year, Dihua Zhili Prefecture was promoted to Dihua Prefecture, and Dihua County was added as the first county subordinate to Guo. In the second year of the Republic of China (19 13), Daoyin Town was changed to an observer, and Dihua Prefecture was abolished at the same time, and Dihua County was retained. In 29 years (1940), Dihua Municipal Government Committee was established. In 34 years (1 945)165438+101,Dihua officially established the city and the municipal government; At the same time, the urban area is divided into one, two, three, four and five districts. Dihua County belongs to Dihua Commissioner's Office, and governs six townships, two pastoral areas and Dabancheng Town. Establish Garbo organizations below the district level. 1September 25, 949, Xinjiang was peacefully liberated. 65438+February 65438+July, Dihua Municipal People's Government was established. Seven districts and 54 sub-district offices have been re-divided and established. Farmers' associations were established in the suburbs, and three townships were established on the basis of land reform. So far, people's governments at all levels in urban and rural areas have been initially established. 1 954 February1day, Dihua officially resumed its original name as Urumqi. With the approval of the State Council, Miquan City of Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture was merged into Urumqi City, Miquan City and Dongshan District of Urumqi City were abolished, and Midong District of Urumqi City was established. After the adjustment of administrative divisions, the administrative area of Urumqi increased from 10900.77 square kilometers to 142 16.3 square kilometers, the administrative area of Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture decreased from 76,975.94 square kilometers to 73,660.45438+0 square kilometers, and the administrative area of Midong District was the former administrative area of Miquan City and Dongshan District of Urumqi. The administrative boundaries between Midong District of Urumqi and Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Fuhai County and wujiaqu city in Altay region are unchanged according to the original administrative boundaries of Miquan City, and the land and grassland used by both sides across administrative regions are unchanged according to the original usage habits. Cultural Features Urumqi has a special geographical advantage. It has been known as the "Gate of Creation" since ancient times. It is a transportation hub connecting the north and south of Tianshan Mountain and communicating Xinjiang with the mainland. It has become an important gateway for China to expand its opening to the west and a window for foreign economic and cultural exchanges. Urumqi is the farthest inland city from the sea in the world and the geographical center of the Asian continent. In summer, flowers and trees are in full bloom and fruits are fragrant, which is the golden season for tourism. In the dead of winter, the whole city is covered in silver, and there are beautiful trees and flowers. The people of all ethnic groups outside the Great Wall created splendid ancient western civilization under the nourishment of the cool and sweet Tianshan snow. Urumqi, with a long history, is the only way to the new north road of the world-famous ancient "Silk Road". In the first century BC, Wu, a commander in chief, was once stationed here in the Western Regions Hufu established by the Western Han Dynasty. In the prosperous Tang Dynasty, in order to further strengthen the economic and cultural exchanges between the East and the West and promote the prosperity and development of the new road in the north of the Silk Road, in 640 AD, the Tang government set up the Beiting Dadu Protection Center in the northeast of Urumqi, and in 1755 AD, the Qing government set up a garrison in Jiujiawan Ming ancient city in Urumqi, which was officially named as Urumqi, and it was renamed as "Dihua" in 1763 AD. On this primitive prairie, herders used to live on aquatic plants and lived a nomadic life of "the sky is grey, the wild is vast, the wind blows the grass low, and the cattle and sheep are low" They named this land "Urumqi", which means "beautiful pasture". Since the 1 century, the government of the Han Dynasty sent Tianzu to cultivate people and land on the grassland, opening up a new northern road of the Silk Road. Over the years, this border city on the "Silk Road" connecting China and the West has gradually taken shape. Today, Urumqi has a population of 2.08 million and has gathered 36 ethnic groups. While inheriting and maintaining the traditions and characteristics of various ethnic groups, people have integrated themselves into the atmosphere of the times, forming a unique style in which ethnic characteristics and popular atmosphere match each other. Urumqi is the farthest city from the ocean in the world, the geographical center of Asia, and the only way to the new north road of the world-famous ancient "Silk Road". Thirteen ethnic groups, including Uygur, Han, Hui, Kazak, North Korea, Russia and Mongolia, live in harmony here, creating a splendid ancient civilization in the western regions. Numerous nationalities and different customs constitute the unique customs of Urumqi; Sports performances with national characteristics, such as horse racing, wrestling and chasing girls, exquisite jade carvings, embroidery and national musical instruments, rich and mellow milk tea and various snacks, firmly attract people here. Urban planning layout and scale: Two state-level development zones (Urumqi Economic and Technological Development Zone and Urumqi High-tech Industrial Development Zone) and one export processing zone (an important industrial park to undertake export-oriented industries) have been built, and Toutunhe Industrial Park, Shuimogou Pioneer Park and Midong Industrial Park are being built under the framework of economic integration between Urumqi and Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture in Xinjiang. Make Urumqi one of the most important manufacturing bases in western China. Build Xinjiang's largest export processing trade base for neighboring countries and an international logistics port in Central Asia.