my country's almonds (almond trees) are mainly concentrated in southern Xinjiang, and large-scale production has not yet been established in Ningbo and other areas.

Almond likes high temperatures and long sunshine. It is a plant that is resistant to barrenness, drought and cold, and loves light.

Cultivation technology:

Grafting method

Budding is mainly used. Among budding, sleeve budding (tubular budding) and T-shaped budding are more common.

Cultivation mode

Almond cultivation mainly includes garden type and intercropping type. If the planting is too dense, the growth will be poor and the results will be few. According to local conditions, 3×5 (m), 4×4 (m), 4×5 (m) or 4×6 (m) can be used, that is, 27 to 44 plants/667m2 can be planted. It should be denser in arid areas and sparser in fertile irrigated areas. Intercropping generally has a plant spacing of 3 to 4 meters and a row spacing of 12.5 to 50 meters.

Allocation of pollinating trees

Almonds are self-flowering and do not bear fruit. You can configure 1 to 2 rows of pollinating varieties every 2 to 3 rows of the main planting species.

Pruning and pruning

The trunk of almonds should be fixed in the year of planting, and the pruning can begin after the second year. The branches can be pruned in a sparse layer shape or a natural open heart shape, with a trunk height of 50 to 1750px. There are 5 to 7 main branches left in the sparse layer shape, divided into 2 to 3 layers. Leave 3 to 4 main branches on the open heart shape, staggered on the main trunk every 10 to 500px, and the azimuth angle between the main branches is 90 to 120 degrees. Except for the main branch, other branches on the trunk can be pinched and retained as long as they are not too dense to promote the thickening of the trunk. The amount of pruning of almonds is relatively light, and it is best to combine winter pruning with summer pruning. The pruning method is similar to that of apricots. Young trees should be pruned lightly and slowly, and the resulting branches should be pruned short and retracted appropriately. Cut the extended branches of the backbone branches at all levels to the required length, and thin out the long branches, dead branches, diseased branches and overly dense branches. The pruning of trees during the fruiting period is mainly thinning, with appropriate short cuts, paying attention to retaining more medium and short fruiting branches, and strengthening the cultivation and renewal of the fruiting branch group.

Fertilizer and water management

Almond is a drought-resistant and barren-tolerant tree species and has strong adaptability to soil. The Almond Garden needs autumn plowing once a year. During the growing season, the soil should be plowed and loosened in time to keep the soil loose, breathable and weed-free. Generally, there is no need for irrigation, but when there is excessive drought, timely irrigation should be done. Pay attention to drainage during the rainy season to prevent water accumulation in the soil from causing root rot. The effect of filling with antifreeze water before wintering is good. Apply basal fertilizer to almond trees once a year in autumn, preferably before the fruit is harvested and the soil freezes. Apply 2 to 4t/667m2 of farmyard manure or 40 to 100kg/667m2 of compound fertilizer to saplings. The base fertilizer applied to fruiting trees in autumn should be increased as appropriate. Almond trees should be topdressed 2 to 4 times during the growing season. Each adult tree requires 1kg of nitrogen, 0.4kg of phosphorus and 0.4kg of potassium per year. In addition, attention should be paid to supplementing compound fertilizers containing zinc, boron, calcium and other elements.

Pests and diseases control

The main diseases of almonds include brown rot, bullet hole disease, canker disease, leaf scab disease, leaf blight, fruit soft rot and crown rot. wait. There are few diseases in the production of almonds in Xinjiang. Blight is common only in the seedling stage. Non-infectious diseases occur in adult trees. Weak trees are prone to branch gum disease. In addition, there are some viruses that harm almonds. Wood. The main pests of almonds include mites, scale insects, red spider mites, stink bugs, aphids, etc. Prevention and control is based on a combination of biological control and chemical control. The main measure is to select disease-free and robust seedlings.