Second, spring pruning: spring pruning is combined with changing pots in spring, and internal branches, dead branches, root leaves of pests and diseases, and redundant branches are cut off to facilitate plant fruiting.
3. Rational fertilization: Lemon plants should be topdressing many times before flowering and after fruiting, applying multi-element flower fertilizer once a month and spraying flower nutrient solution once every half month to ensure that the fruits are not easy to fall off and have bright colors.
Fourth, prevent defoliation: defoliation affects the fruit of lemon. In order to avoid falling leaves, in daily management, avoid watering more and watering less.
5. Shading at noon: When the temperature exceeds 30℃ at noon, it should be shaded for about 3 hours, otherwise it will affect the normal flower shape and hinder the plant from bearing fruit.
6. Artificial pollination: Artificial pollination is an important measure for multiple fruits. It is best to pollinate the petals in time after they grow. This work is carried out at around 9: 00 every morning, and the effect is good.
Seven, pest control: summer and autumn are the seasons with frequent pests and diseases, so it is necessary to do a good job of prevention and control. Pest control is more important than cure, and anthers are sprayed every half month, about 9 am and 4 pm. It is not advisable to spray in the hot sun at noon to prevent phytotoxicity.
1. Lemons in the venue like sunshine and warmth. Even in winter, it is best to put them in sunny places, with the lowest temperature above 5℃ at night. Fig. 7 Lemons are placed on the sunny side of the closed balcony. There were more than 65,438 438+ 10/0 buds with the size of rice grains at the beginning of this year. By February 65, 438+05, the first flower was in full bloom, and on March 8, many buds were in full bloom. Put a few wood fossils in front of the trunk to cover the thinner trunk, that is, Figure 8, "Flower-scented butterflies are hard to come by". Fig. 9 is a partially enlarged photograph. The white flowers are clear in shape and unique against the green leaves.
2. watering lemons likes to warm the environment with a certain humidity. The soil in the basin should be kept moist, but there should be no water in the basin. When the weather is hot from summer to early autumn, in addition to watering the basin, water should be sprayed on the ground around the basin, and less water should be watered in winter.
3. When fertilizing and planting, in addition to applying a proper amount of base fertilizer to the basin bottom, decomposed organic liquid fertilizer should be applied every 30 days and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate should be applied every 40 days in the growing season.
4. Turning over the pot of lemon has developed root system and fast growth, especially in the vigorous growth period, turning over the pot once every 1 ~ 2 years. When turning the pot, remove half of the original pot soil, cut off the long roots properly, cut off some over-dense roots, put bone powder or animal hoof pieces on the bottom of the pot, and then add some new culture soil. Some trees have grown up, so it is necessary to replace the pots with the same style and size of 1, or change the original modeling style with a pot turnover machine. After turning over the pot, water it in a permeable and cool place for 7 ~ 10 days, and then put it in the sunny place for maintenance.
5. Pests and diseases control Lemon pests and diseases include red spiders, scale insects and aphids. 80% dichlorvos EC can be sprayed with 1500 times solution.
Eight, focus on fruit protection: after fruit setting, according to the size of the plant, leave a few or dozens of fruits without pests and diseases, pick the rest, and pick the residual flowers as you see them, so that the nutrients are concentrated in the young fruits.
Nine, the correct wintering: throughout the winter, potted lemons should be placed in the environment of 5℃ to 10℃, and the plants should receive enough light every day, and the water should be controlled at ordinary times. Potted soil is often in a slightly dry state to avoid root rot and lay a good foundation for the results.
Lemon and citrus of Rutaceae. Originated in South China and Southwest China, it has been cultivated in many areas. An evergreen shrub with spiny branches, solitary green leaves, large oval leaves and short stems. Buds are mostly white and lavender. Buds are clustered at the far end or top of branches. One branch has more than 10 to more than 20 buds, and each flower has 5 petals. The single flowering period is about 5 days, and the buds on a lemon tree open one after another. The flowering period can reach about 45 days, and the flowers are overflowing. Using artificial pollination, flowers set fruit more easily. Lemon fruit is green first and then yellow, round and sour. Lemon trees are not only ornamental, but also edible, and are loved by more and more families. The following indoor greening network in China introduces the cultivation methods of family potted lemon trees:
Potted lemons, if not properly managed, often only bloom, but bear no fruit or little fruit, or even do not bloom. In order to make potted lemons blossom and bear fruit every year, scientific management must be carried out in water, fertilizer and pruning, so as to achieve fruitful results. The main links of management are as follows:
There are two reasons for reasonable pruning of potted lemons. First, the pot is small, the soil is small, and the nutrients provided are limited, which can not meet the needs of lemon growth and must be pruned; Secondly, through pruning, the rational distribution of nutrients in the tree can be adjusted, so that limited nutrients can be supplied to buds and leaves to form more fruiting branches, thus achieving full flowering and fruiting branches. The new shoots of potted lemons must be pruned intensively before they germinate. First of all, we should remove dead branches, diseased branches, clustered branches, inward branches, cross branches and sprouting branches. Weakly cut strong branches, leaving 4 or 5 full buds; Strong pruning of weak branches leaves 2 or 3 buds, so that each branch can grow stronger spring shoots. After the spring shoots are fully grown, in order to control their imaginary length, they can be lightly cut and 3 or 4 branches can be cut off. When the new shoots grow to 6 ~ 8 knots, it is necessary to remove the heart to induce more summer shoots.
In order to prevent the summer shoots from growing too vigorously, and at the same time, trees should accumulate nutrients and promote the formation of buds, potted lemons should be "watered" before entering summer. The specific method is to gradually reduce the water supply to potted lemons more than ten days before the summer heat; In the first 5 days, the water was stopped, the basin soil was exposed to the sun, a lot of water evaporated, and the basin soil was dry; Due to the lack of water in roots, branches and leaves lose water, and leaves wither and curl. In order to prevent the leaves from dehydration, water can be sprayed on the leaves in the morning and evening, and a small amount of water can be sprayed on the pot soil at the same time, so that the axillary buds of lemon will expand day by day under the condition of drought and not dying, and the color of the buds will turn from green to white. When most axillary buds turn from green to white, "withholding water" will succeed in promoting flowers. At this time, the water supply of potted lemons should be restored in time.
After the lemon blooms, in addition to applying thin fertilizer once a week, it is also necessary to dilute the flowers and fruits. Sparse some buds before bloom; After the flowers wither and set fruit, some young fruits in inappropriate positions should be thinned out to reduce the consumption of nutrients, so that the limited nutrients can be concentrated on the preserved flowers and fruits, and the fruits can grow bigger and better. In the process of fruit growth, if the fertilizer and water are sufficient and the plants are nutritious, some branches will sprout new buds, and the growth of new buds will inevitably divert some nutrients, which will affect the growth of fruits. In order to protect the fruit, the new buds should be smoothed in time. When the fruit turns yellow, stop fertilizing, reduce watering and keep the soil moist and slightly dry. If we continue to give too much fertilizer and water, the fruit will ripen and fall early, shortening the viewing time.
Reasonable fertilization Lemons like fertilizers, and usually apply more thin fertilizers. Apply decomposed liquid fertilizer once before the plants germinate, and then apply liquid fertilizer mainly containing nitrogen every 7 ~ 10 days to promote more branches and leaves and more spring shoots. Fertilize in time after each coring to promote the early maturity of branches. In the process of lemon growth, you can sprinkle some cake fertilizer on the basin surface, so that some fertilizer penetrates into the soil every time you water it, which can enhance fertility. After autumn, fertilization will be reduced, plant nutrition will be avoided, autumn shoots will be promoted, and fruits will compete for nutrients, leading to fruit drop.
Due to the lack of potted soil, the nutritional supply of potted lemons is limited. After years of lack of soil fertility, lemons will weaken year by year, with fewer flowers and fewer fruits. In order to keep the lemon blossom and bear fruit every year, it is necessary to turn over the pot. The best turning time is half a month before lemon germination. Before turning over the pot, prepare a pot that is one size larger than the original pot, take the lemon out of the pot, and don't break the mud. Cut off the topsoil with a thickness of 1 and 2 cm along the mud mass, cut off the dead roots and rotten roots, cut off the soil with a thickness of 1cm at the bottom of the mud mass, and take out the tiles embedded in the bottom of the original pot. The drainage holes of the new pool are laid with tiles. First, lay a drainage layer with a thickness of 2 or 3 cm, and then lay a layer of nutrient-rich culture soil with a thickness of 4 or 5 cm, which is mixed with a small amount of calcium superphosphate. Then put the lemon mud balls into the pot, fill the culture soil around the mouth of the pot, slightly compact the pot soil, water the roots, put it in a ventilated and semi-cool place, and put it back in place for daily management after one week.