(1) plastic decoration

① Plastic surgery

Hawthorn is suitable for a variety of modeling forms, especially for stumps with different shapes and ages. Due to the modeling of materials, various forms of potted trees can be created on the basis of the original tree types. Moreover, plastic surgery can not only increase the aesthetic feeling of potted trees, but also help to control the tree body and make its growth and fruit normal.

The branches of hawthorn are brittle and hard, and they are easy to break at the bending part when pulling out the branches. Therefore, it is very important to shape them in time. According to practical exploration, when the sap begins to flow in early spring, the branches have less water content and stronger toughness, which is a favorable period for centralized pruning and shaping operations.

② Pruning

In order to make the tree compact, the growth results balanced, the tree potential moderate and the tree posture more perfect, on the basis of the original tree shape, the methods of cutting, thinning, releasing, injuring and shrinking are adopted. Pruning can be carried out in dormant period and growing season, and timely and reasonable pruning should be carried out according to the conditions of short growth time, early production stop, old tree and strong tree vigor.

③ Pruning of young trees

According to the characteristics that the top and upper buds of young branches of hawthorn have strong growth potential, but the lower buds are not easy to germinate, and only a few long and strong branches appear under the incision, in order to make the young trees branch more, control the flourishing branches and prevent the light band from lengthening, the following principles should be mastered in early molding:

Dormancy pruning

Young hawthorn trunk should be short but not high, branch angle should be large and not small, and strong branches should be short and not long. Pruning should be done in the middle and lower parts of upright branches and strong branches, and the branches on the back should be short or flat. In order to increase the number of branches, it is advisable not to sparse or sparse branches.

Growing season pruning

When the top robust branches are about 20 cm long, leaving 4-6 leaves for coring can play the role of restraining the former and promoting the latter, controlling the strength and promoting the weakness, and re-pruning the new shoots that are too robust to promote their branches, with remarkable effect.

④ Pruning of fruit trees

The flower buds of hawthorn tend to grow at the top of strong branches, and form fruiting mother branches in the second year, which is easy to move the fruiting parts outward, while the lower part and inner cavity often form more thin branches. Therefore, the pruning of fruiting trees should keep the tree potential moderate, the tree shape stable, the fruiting branches thick and short, and the sustainable fruiting ability strong, so as to achieve high and stable yield.

Pruning during the growing period: Crataegus pinnatifida pots are easy to blossom, which often leads to too many fruits, thus affecting the results of the second year and forming the phenomenon of the second year's fruits. Pruning can be adjusted by thinning inflorescences, so that the ratio of fruiting branches to vegetative branches is about 1: 2. For potted trees with weak growth potential, the number of fruiting branches should be appropriately reduced to make the ratio about 1: 3.

For new shoots with latent buds, when the number of branches is insufficient and the space is large, they can be cut and preserved and cultured into new fruiting branches. Otherwise, it should be removed as soon as possible. Pick out the centers of individual lush branches to prevent them from growing too long and destroying the tree.

Dormancy pruning: dewatering and shrinkage are the main methods. That is, thinning weak branches and over-dense branches to protect thick, medium and short branches; Retraction is to cut off the branches that affect the tree shape and extend too long outward, leaving branches in the right direction under the incision to facilitate rejuvenation.

(2) Techniques for promoting flowers and keeping fruits.

① Flower promotion

Potted hawthorn blossoms easily. As long as the new shoots are strong, stop growing in time and do not produce autumn shoots, flower buds can generally be formed at their top. Therefore, it is the basis of flower bud formation to promote their branches to be strong and stop growing in time.

In order to make its branches stout and promote the formation of enough flower buds, fertilizer and water management from germination to early flowering is the key. At this time, adequate water supply and appropriate proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can achieve its purpose. The common methods in production are: diluting 1: 0.7: 1 NPK fertilizer into 0.2% ~ 0.3% solution, and applying it every 7 ~ 1 day/time, and applying it twice or thrice. Then use 150 times of organic fertilizer (sesame sauce residue, bean cake, etc. ) liquid fertilizer, and every 7 days 1 times * * * 2 ~ 3 times.

② Fertilizer control

After mid-July, control nitrogen supply, appropriately reduce watering times, inhibit the formation of autumn shoots, reduce nutrient consumption and promote the formation of flower buds.

③ Fruit preservation

Spraying gibberellin with the concentration of 40 ~ 60mg/L at the full flowering stage of hawthorn, spraying/kloc-0 every 3 ~ 5 days and spraying for 2 ~ 3 times continuously can increase the fruit setting rate by 20% ~ 50% and obviously increase the fruit. When using gibberellin, its concentration must be strictly controlled. Too high will easily lead to long branches and affect the formation of flower buds.