The eye has four walls, the upper wall is mainly composed of frontal bone, the inner wall is mainly composed of nasal bone and ethmoid bone, the outer wall is mainly composed of sphenoid bone, and the lower wall is mainly composed of zygomatic bone.

The zygomatic bone is located in the front of the middle part of the face, below the orbit, rhombic, and forms a bony process on the cheek. There are four processes on the cheekbone, namely, the anterior sphenoid process, the mandibular process, the temporal process and the orbital process. The temporal process of the zygomatic bone connects with the zygomatic process of the temporal bone to form the zygomatic arch, which is the convex part under the eyes on the face that we usually see.

Therefore, it is easy to cause eye socket and eyeball damage when zygomatic bone fracture, so it is necessary to avoid the damage of this bone.

Extended data

Zygomatic bone and zygomatic arch are prominent parts of the face, which are easy to be fractured by impact. Zygomatic bone is related to maxilla, frontal bone, sphenoid bone and temporal bone, and the connection surface with maxilla is the largest, so zygomatic fracture is often accompanied by maxilla fracture.

The zygomatic arch is formed by connecting the temporal process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which is thinner and narrower and more prone to fracture. Mainly caused by external violence. Because zygomatic bone and zygomatic arch are prominent parts of the face, it is easy to cause fractures due to violence such as collision and trauma.

The fracture of zygomatic bone and zygomatic arch can be diagnosed according to the history of trauma, clinical features and X-ray examination. There may be tenderness, collapse and displacement in the palpation fracture area, and steps may be formed in zygomatic frontal suture, zygomatic maxillary suture and lower orbital margin. If you palpate from the mouth along the vestibular groove to the back, you can check whether the gap between the cheekbone, maxilla and coracoid process becomes smaller.

These are helpful for the diagnosis of zygomatic fracture. X-ray examination often takes nasal chin position and zygomatic arch position. On the X-ray film of nasal chin position, we can not only see the fracture of zygomatic bone and zygomatic arch, but also observe the abnormality of orbit, maxillary sinus and suborbital foramen. The position of zygomatic arch can clearly show the fracture and displacement of zygomatic arch.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-eye socket

Baidu encyclopedia-cheekbones