Crispy plum in Panjiang Town is a fruit variety with the largest planting area, the best quality and stable yield in Guiding County. It is planted in the upper, middle and lower reaches of Panjiang River (also known as Wengcheng River). According to research, it has been cultivated for 80 years. It was originally a family named Meng in Xiaohongyan, Qingzhen, Guiyang. In order to avoid bandits, the whole family fled to live in Qili Changchong, Shipu Village, Panjiang Town, Guiding County. At the same time, several plum trees were brought for cultivation. This variety has strong adaptability, easy propagation, easy planting management, quick effect, and soon spread and developed widely. Its quality is far better than that of the place of origin, and its tree age is relatively longer than that of the place of origin. At present, five crisp plum trees with a history of 46 years in Shanghai are still bearing fruit, and the yield per plant is still 70-80 kg. Panjiang crisp plum tree has beautiful posture, bloom in early spring and strong adaptability, and is an excellent greening tree species. The natural small watershed of Panjiang River has given the local people more paddy fields, and the conflict between food crops and crisp plums no longer exists. Most crisp plums are planted on the gentle slope hills along the river, and the soil is mostly yellow sand soil, which is thick, fertile and breathable, avoiding the possibility of root death and resin disease caused by poor drainage when the rainy season comes, and creating good soil conditions for the growth of crisp plum fruit trees, especially the growth and development of fruits. Due to the good microclimate and soil fertility in the planting area, the favorable terrain created a good environment for the high quality and high yield of Panjiang crisp plum.
According to the investigation and analysis, Panjiang crisp plum belongs to the green crisp plum variety, which is propagated and planted by tillering and dividing plants. In the past, it was mostly planted in the ridges of sloping farmland, but now it has developed into responsible planting, mainly contracted planting in barren hills and slopes. There is no unified specification and standard for planting, which is not standardized. The planting time is from February to the following year 1 month in 65438. Without standardized cultivation, the management of soil, fertilizer and water in crisp plum orchard is extremely extensive There are basically no management measures for pruning, thinning flowers and fruits, and protecting flowers and fruits. There are no pesticides to control pests and diseases. Only a few crisp plum households apply fertilizer (mainly farmyard manure) in winter, and the phenomenon of big and small years is not obvious, and the fruits are not picked with stalks in first frost.
The buds of Panjiang crisp plum germinated around February 6, the leaf buds germinated in mid-February, new branches began to grow in late February, and short branches generally stopped growing in late March. Adult trees branch once a year, and young trees branch twice. They bloom in late February, early March and wither in middle and late March. The fruit growth period is from late March to early July, the fruit ripens in mid-July, and the leaves begin to fall in late 165438+ 10.
Panjiang crisp plum fruit is slightly oblate, flat at the top and slightly concave at the apex. Its skin is light yellow, thin, covered with white fruit powder, smooth, thick, light yellow, with deep near-core coloring, dense meat, juicy and crisp, with an average fruit weight of 32.3g, sweet and juicy, dense, crisp, fragrant and slightly bitter.
The average output of crispy Panjiang in Li Nian can reach about 3 million kilograms. In 2002, Panjiang Town is expected to plant 6,000 mu of crisp plums.
territorial scope
Scope of protection of crisp plums in Panjiang, Guiding: the whole territory of Guiding County. Geographical coordinates are: east longitude 106 53'- 107 22', north latitude 26 05'-26 46', east-west axis 25km, north-south axis 7 1 km, and total area 163 1 km2. Duyun city and Majiang counties in the east, Pingtang and Huishui counties in the south, Longli county in the west and Fuquan city in the north. Crispy plums are planted all over the Panjiang River Basin, including 20 towns including Chengguan, Xinpu, Xinba, Dexin, Machanghe, Luobei River, Panjiang, Yanshan, Jiuzhi, Dingnan, Ding Dong, Liu Du, Changming, Xia Yan, Monkey Castle, Guan Bao, Tiechang and Wu Yun. The origin of crisp plum is * * * 65430.
Product quality characteristics
(1) External sensory characteristics: the shape of the fruit is nearly round, yellow-green, the weight of a single fruit is about 30g, the diameter of the fruit is about 3.9cm, the suture line is obvious, the fruit powder is uniform, the skin is thin and the flesh is thick, and it is debonded, crisp, sweet and tender. (2) Internal quality indicators: soluble solids 12.0- 13.0% in Guiding, ascorbic acid 2.80-3.10 (mg/100g), protein 0.08-0./kloc-. Calcium 52.0-54.0 (mg/kg), iron 2.2-2.8 (mg/kg), zinc 2.2-2.6 (mg/kg), potassium 1265.0- 1275.0 (mg/kg) and sodium/kloc. (3) Quality and safety requirements: The crisp plums in Panjiang, Guiding should meet the quality and safety requirements of Non-pollution Food Renguo (NY501-2006).