Methods/steps
1
Open-field cultivation is often planted in warm areas south of the Yangtze River in China. The planting site should be semi-shaded, well ventilated, fertile and loose, rich in humus and well drained (pH 5.7). It can be planted all year round, but autumn is the most suitable. When planting, try to take the ball, the diameter of the upper ball is 6 ~ 10 times of the tree diameter, and the height is 1/3 ~ L/2 of the soil ball diameter. Dig a shallow pit at the root of the plant, the diameter of which is more than 2 times larger than the soil ball, and the depth is 2 times the thickness of the soil ball. Build a platform in the middle of the pit, and put the soil ball on the platform so that the upper part of the soil ball is higher than the ground. Fill the pit with soil mixed with base fertilizer and tamp it while filling. After filling, leave a circle of soil around for irrigation.
2
Potting potted plants should be carried out in cold areas in the north or areas with poor soil quality. The flowerpot should be a vegetarian burning pot with strong air permeability and water permeability. Varieties with small leaves and slow growth should be selected. The size of the flowerpot and the size of the plant should be appropriate, neither too big nor too small. Potted soil should be loose, fertile and slightly acidic loam with good drainage. The basin can be drunk all year round, preferably in autumn. First pour a tile in the hole at the bottom of the basin, spread a layer of coarse sand at the bottom of the basin, put the plants in the middle of the basin, hold the plants in one hand and fill the soil in the other. The soil in the basin should not be too full, leaving a watering place of 2 ~ 3 cm. After planting, spray water with a watering can. Generally, change pots once every 2 ~ 3 years. When changing pots, cut off diseased roots, withered roots, injured roots and excessively long roots.
three
It is best to water camellia with rain or snow water. If tap water is used, it should be stored in the water tank for 2 ~ 3 days before use, and the pH value of water should be between 5.5 ~ 6.5. Camellia should be watered when it is wet and dry to keep the soil moist. Water should be properly controlled in bud stage and flowering stage to make the soil drier for vegetative growth, and watering should also be controlled in winter dormancy. It is best to water when the temperature is close to indoor temperature or soil temperature to prevent overheating and excessive stimulation to camellia roots. Therefore, it is necessary to master the watering time, watering at noon in winter and watering in the morning and evening in summer. ?
four
Fertilization Camellia oleifera rotary tillage fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer. From April to mid-May, in the spring shoot growth period, nitrogen fertilizer should be applied appropriately, and trimer potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer should be applied at the later stage of flower bud differentiation. Growth is basically stopped in summer, with no or little fertilization, low nitrogen, high phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is applied in autumn, and base fertilizer is applied in winter to facilitate germination and flowering in the coming year. Every fertilization should be combined with watering. ?
five
Temperature and Humidity The optimum temperature for camellia growth is 18 ~ 25℃, the extreme high temperature is 30 ~ 35℃, and the extreme low temperature is 0 ~ 5℃. When the temperature is high, strengthen ventilation, shading and spraying water to cool down. When the temperature is low in winter, you can wrap it up, set up a wind wall and move the potted plants indoors. Camellia requires air relative humidity of 60%-80%, below 50%, it will grow poorly. ?
six
Light-colored camellia avoids the scorching sun and prefers semi-shade. Therefore, in hot summer, they should be shaded, sprayed with water and ventilated. If the temperature exceeds 35℃, they are prone to sunburn, leaf withering, turning over and poor growth. ?
seven
Reasonable pruning can make the tree look beautiful, with dense branches and leaves, improve the ventilation and lighting conditions of the crown, reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, adjust the balance between vegetative growth and reproductive growth, and ensure that the plants grow healthily and the flowers are large and beautiful.