Huaan County is located at the northern end of Zhangzhou City. It governs six towns, three townships and one development zone, with a total population of 16 1 10,000 people and cultivated land of10.2 million hm? The hilly area accounts for 95.5%, the forest coverage rate reaches 72%, the air reaches the national first-class standard, and the water quality reaches the national second-class standard. 1999,1February 1999 was approved as a pilot county for the construction of national ecological demonstration zone, and the superior natural conditions provided a unique advantage for the production of pollution-free high-quality tea. In recent years, based on the situation of the county, the county party committee and government have established the economic development strategy of "prospering the industry with electricity and enriching the people with tea" to promote the development of tea industry and make tea production stand out in agriculture. Tea planting has a long history, including "pre-Ming tea" and "winter tea", forming the characteristics of "fragrant five-season tea". The county's total tea area is 6.5438+0.35 million mu, ranking fourth in the province and becoming the second largest Tieguanyin tea production base in China. It is estimated that the total output this year is 6.5438+0.2 million tons, ranking fifth in the province, and the output value is 65.438+0.2 billion yuan, ranking second in the province. At present, there are more than 5,700 primary tea processing plants, more than 50 refining processing enterprises and more than 20 leading tea processing and marketing enterprises in China. Tea marketing network spread all over the country, transferring more than 40 thousand workers, accounting for 64% of the county's total agricultural output value. Tea industry has become the main way to increase farmers' income, and has initially constructed an industrialization pattern. Tea baking, as soon as you hear this name, you can smell the fragrance of tea, which is well known to women and children in Jiulong River Basin. Baked tea was called Huafeng in ancient times, a place surrounded by green hills. Tea cultivation here has a long history. According to the Records of Hua 'an County, "Hua 'an tea planting has a long history. It is said that since the Tang Dynasty, both Xiandu and Huafeng produced tea, and Huafeng, the county seat, was called' baking tea'; /kloc-from the 0/9th century to the 1920s, the tea industry reached its peak, and Huafeng had a tea shop. Huafeng and its surrounding villages planted a lot of tea in Qing Dynasty, which was the distribution center of tea transshipment. According to legend, in Zhenshan Township (now Hulin), Rizo's ancestor Qi Lin planted oolong tea in a big tea garden. By the year of Qingganlong 18 (A.D. 1753), tea production had begun to take shape, and tea planting in Zhao Yi (Xiandu) was more extensive. According to records, there were more than 2,000 mu of tea gardens in Xiandu more than 0/00 years ago. Tea varieties are constantly updated and cultivated, mainly local tea varieties. At the same time, Huang Dan, Benshan, Hairy Crab, Meizhan and Tieguanyin are also introduced, and the quality of tea produced is excellent. From the late Tang Dynasty to the present, Hua 'an has a history of 1000 years of tea production, which has experienced glory and trough. By the time of the Republic of China, most tea gardens were desolate. Three ancient tea trees in Makeng Township and Chuncun Village (elevation1050m) in Hua 'an County are over 300 years old, which witnessed the ups and downs of tea industry development in Hua 'an history. Since 1950s, Hua 'an County has promoted the new technology of making oolong tea and improved the varieties of tea trees. 1958, the tea seedlings cultivated in Xiandu were brought back to Zhangzhou "Diversification Development Exhibition" as a typical recommendation.

In the 1980s, the low-yield tea garden implemented the technology of cutting instead of picking and "three changes and one supplement", which improved the yield and quality of tea, and was well received by the relevant departments in Fujian Province and spread throughout the county. 1983, the tea area of the county 14200 mu, reaching the highest level in history. At that time, the main variety was Meizhan, followed by Tieguanyin and Huang Dan. During the period of 1988, the output of tea increased greatly, reaching 277 tons.

1998 is an important milestone in the history of Huaan tea development. The county party committee and government held the first Wang Sai Tea Party. When Hua 'an Xiandu Tieguanyin "Tea King" was auctioned at a sky-high price of 50 grams10.8 million yuan, tea farmers in the county could not restrain their enthusiasm for growing tea and starting a business, and reclaimed barren hills and expanded tea gardens. Quickly adjust the planting structure with Tieguanyin as the main variety, speed up the transformation of low-yield and inferior tea gardens, promote the new mode of greenhouse coverage and dwarf close planting, and adopt technologies such as multiple pruning and dewatering of tea trees, water-saving irrigation, and paddy-upland rotation of tea gardens to realize the recovery of investment costs in that year.

From 2003 to 2005, the county party committee and government formulated relevant measures to strengthen the rectification of tea production and processing in order to protect and promote the development of tea industry.

In 2006-2007, the county party committee and the county government devoted themselves to industrial transformation and upgrading, set up a leading group office for tea industry, and introduced a series of incentive measures to support agriculture and benefit farmers, which accelerated the development of tea industry in Gaoche, Gao 'an and Makeng towns in the west of our county. According to statistics, there are tea/kloc-0.5 million mu in Gaoche, Gao 'an and Makeng towns in the west, of which more than 5,000 mu have been newly planted since last winter. Our county has also formulated the development plan for 2008-20 10. It is planned that by 20 10, the tea area in the county will reach 1 60,000 mu, achieving the overall development goal of1mu of tea per capita, with an output of 20,000 tons and an output value of1500 million yuan. "Baking tea" is an important link in the traditional oolong tea making method. More than 65,438+0,000 years ago, Zhang Ruixuan, Song Qing Hua 'an County (now Songkeng), participated in the tea ceremony in North Korea. Zhang Ruixuan's genealogy "Tea Songs by Zhang Ruixuan" said: "Tea is suitable for Woods Mountain and Songkhla fossils, and the sun is foggy. Two leaves are harvested in the sun, and the sun is soft and sunny. The bamboo crowbar felt hard and half fragrant, and stopped for a while. " "Tea Song" says: "If you want to know the best in tea, it is difficult to find mellow. Everyone in the world is different, only the smell of the emperor is left behind. "Naturally mastering the emperor's taste in tea, only' alcohol, elegance and fragrance' can be considered as' the best in tea', which expressed the exquisite tea-making skills of Hua' an people at that time.

Since the Ming Dynasty, there have been records of tribute tea in Longxi County annals. Tea was quite famous at that time. The tea-making technology of "astringent, bitter, sweet, mellow, soft and changeable" left a true story and described the development of Hua 'an tea processing technology. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, especially since the Qing Dynasty, Hua 'an tea industry developed rapidly. According to county records, the products of tea shops run by tea customers (Huafeng) are sold to Jiangsu, Hangzhou, Guangzhou, Banyan, Xiamen, Taiwan Province, Nanyang and other places. It is a historical fact that tea makers went to Taiwan Province Province to teach tea-making technology.

From 65438 to 0972, Hua 'an made a substantial leap in tea-making skills. At that time, the tea farmers in Xiandu first used semi-mechanized tea-making tools, which made the tea production in Hua 'an unprecedented improvement.

After the 1980s, there were 12 hairy tea enterprises in the county, and a new refinery was built in Xiandu Township in the same year, which was devoted to the research of Tieguanyin semi-fermentation tea-making technology and achieved great success. The made Guanyin tea is curly, compact, thick, fresh, shiny, quiet and sweet, which is deeply loved by consumers. Since 1996, the production technology of Tieguanyin tea in Hua 'an has made historic progress, giving priority to the introduction of air-conditioning tea-making technology. The produced tea is fragrant, the soup is yellow-green, Guanyin is bright, sweet and refreshing, the quality of tea has been improved unprecedentedly, the product price has doubled, and Hua 'an Tieguanyin has entered a new development stage. If the tea industry in Hua 'an County was in the recovery stage in the 1990s, it has entered the stage of rapid development since 2000. Hua 'an County has innovated the tea-making technology and continuously improved the processing technology, producing high-quality tea with good fragrance, taste and shape, and the quality and benefit of tea have been significantly improved. First, take "2-3 leaves in the bud" as the picking standard, and insist on picking "Wuqing" in time and in batches; Secondly, in the production process, the technology of dehumidifying tea by air conditioning is popularized, and the suitable temperature and humidity of tea "green room" are effectively adjusted by air conditioning to produce light fermented tea. Compared with the traditional processing technology, the quality of tea is greatly improved; Third, on the basis of popularizing air-conditioning tea-making technology and improving processing technology, the shape of primary products is improved to bead or semi-bead, and the proportion of high-grade tea with color, fragrance, taste and shape is greatly improved; Fourthly, many tea merchants have made positive improvements in fine packaging technology, from traditional pottery pots and paper packaging to sealed tin-platinum packaging, paper cans, tin cans and tin cans, and now to 7 grams of vacuum plastic packaging, hardcover and gift boxes. The cold storage technology below -6℃ was explored. The design pays attention to color decoration, brand logo and so on. Create advertising effect, meet the needs of market sales and development, and fully reflect the connotation of Hua' an tea culture. Four. The history of Hua 'an tea trade According to "Beixi Jisheng", "Baked Tea" (Huafeng) is surrounded by mountains, flowing with water, and the waterway transportation is extremely convenient. The tea-making technology here is good. Every tea-making season, the aroma is overflowing when baking. Because Minnan oolong tea is semi-fermented and easy to absorb water. Every time tea customers and tea merchants come to China, they have to bake it again to ensure the quality of tea. The tea was roasted just right and the aroma was overflowing. Now there are more than 20 tea houses and shops in this town, which shows the prosperity of the tea market in this town at that time.

According to Zhang's genealogy, he was appointed as the official in charge of the tea ceremony in the palace in the Song Dynasty and was awarded the title of Minister of Tea Affairs. After several twists and turns, the descendants of the Zhang family opened tea gardens one after another, followed their ancestors' business, and started the tea industry in Taipei and Anxi. "Tea Song" says that "a catty of tea can be exchanged for a catty of gold, and inferior products are piled up and turned into soil." It can be seen that Hua 'an had a prosperous tea industry as early as the Northern Song Dynasty. In memory of our ancestors, Teli Society was named Songqing Society, which is now Songkeng Village.

In the Qing Dynasty, according to the records of Hua 'an literature and history, Zhenshan (now Hulin) oolong tea was very famous in southern Fujian, and was mostly purchased and sold by Guangdong Chaozhou Tea Company. As long as you see the logo of Zhenshan oolong tea abroad, you don't have to check it and release it immediately. At that time, Zhenshan Oolong Tea and Xiandu Tea were very famous in Longxi, and a large amount of tea was transported to Haicheng for export by way of tea baking and Xinxu Gu Rong ferry. Tea, as a hometown specialty, was brought out by overseas Chinese and spread to Southeast Asia (now Southeast Asia), and tea business once flourished.

In the middle and late Qing Dynasty, according to the genealogy of Jiang family in Xiandu village, the descendants of Jiang Shixiong, the founder of Er Yi Lou, created "Zechun Famous Tea", which transported the tea produced in Beixi to Yuehang and Xiamen in Longhai for sale, and was welcomed by foreign fans. Later, the tea sales were pushed abroad and transported to Western Europe, creating a famous tea brand "Zechun" of Er Yi Lou, which gained huge profits and provided sufficient funds for the construction of Er Yi Lou, and became a much-told story in the history of the establishment of Er Yi Lou, which is known as "the first building in China".

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, according to the records of Hua 'an literature and history, 1957, Hua 'an County began to use a variety of tea as a tax source. By 1985, the annual output of tea in the county is 4365 tons, reaching 1.6 million yuan according to the current market price.

Since 2000, Huaan tea has been selling well in the market because of its fragrance and mellow taste. The domestic market has gradually developed from south to north, and there are hundreds of tea houses, tea shops, tea shops and tea houses in some large and medium-sized cities, initially forming a market sales network.

Now, Hua 'an County is making great efforts to build a tea market, and the whole county is playing the brand of "Hua 'an Tieguanyin". The "Huaxian Tea Capital" tea wholesale market with an investment of more than 80 million yuan is the designated market of the Ministry of Agriculture 12, and the tea giant Tianfu Group also invested more than 30 million yuan to set up the "Tianfu Group Huaan Branch" in Hua 'an. The county government invested more than 2 million yuan to establish a pesticide residue testing center. Hua 'an tea farmers are bold in innovation: dwarf and close planting are adopted in production, and measures such as multiple cropping, pruning, sprinkler irrigation and greenhouse coverage are taken to promote premature delivery and early harvest. On the basis of light greening, a whole set of technology is formed by air conditioning and low temperature greening, and the requirements for fresh leaves are strict. Fresh leaves are required to be pure varieties of Tieguanyin, which are plump, tender and complete. In the process of finishing, the method of light green, low temperature and light "fermentation" was adopted, which greatly improved the quality of Hua 'an Tieguanyin.

Hua 'an county tea has both "tea before Ming Dynasty" and "tea in winter", which forms the characteristics of "fragrant five-season tea". The Tieguanyin in Hua 'an has a unique flavor, rich fragrance, high, mellow and smooth taste, fragrant water, golden and clear soup color, and bright green leaves, which are soft and even.

After years of cultivation and innovation, Hua 'an Tieguanyin embodies its own unique style: the appearance is plump and round, green and moist, the internal fragrance is lasting, fresh and mellow, and the charm is obvious. Hua' an Tieguanyin tea has good color, fragrance and shape, high quality, and has won many domestic and foreign tea quality appraisal awards, selling well at home and abroad.