Pruning method of plum tree in winter
Plum tree is a strong tree species with strong adaptability, and its germination and branching ability is particularly strong. Every spring, many new branches will grow, then the leaves will bloom first and the fruits will germinate.
When fruits are harvested in summer and leaves fall in winter, people will prune them, which is called winter pruning.
However, this winter's scissors are not just a random cut, but every cut must be carefully considered and considered. Therefore, there are many stresses on pruning methods.
1. Disease prevention and pest control pruning
When pruning plum trees, you should take the lead in cutting off those dry and weak branches from top to bottom.
Because they are often parasites of pests and diseases, many bacteria and eggs are attached to them. If it is not removed in time, it will continue to breed, spread and centralize. Therefore, it is wise to cut off the leaves as soon as possible after they are cleared.
2. Lighting, ventilation and pruning
Daylighting, ventilation and pruning is what we often say, which is also called cutting the road. It is the process of cutting off those dense branches, overlapping branches, inner branches and flourishing branches to make the trees sparse and transparent.
This is not only conducive to freezing and killing bacteria and eggs in trees in winter, but also conducive to lighting and ventilation in the next growing season, and also plays a role in preventing and reducing the occurrence of pests and diseases.
3. Balance tree pruning
Balanced tree potential pruning is to optimize tree structure pruning. That is, through pruning, the process of uncoordinated growth of main branches, imbalance between main branches and large auxiliary branches, and imbalance between branches is adjusted.
Simply put, it is to suppress the strong and help the weak, so that there will be no phenomena such as usurping the role of the master, uneven strength, and lopsided branches.
The specific pruning method can be realized by cutting short, shrinking and slowing down.
For example, for strong branches that lean to one side of a tree, growth can be inhibited by cutting short and contracting a part.
On the other hand, it is necessary to keep the branches on the weaker side of the tree as slowly as possible, so as to make them grow towards a prosperous trend, so as to achieve the purpose of rectifying the deviation and make the tree develop in a balanced way.
As for the strong branches and long branches that usurp the Lord, they should also be cut off as much as possible to make them orderly and hierarchical.
Dwarf pruning
Dwarf pruning refers to the process of shortening trees by cutting, reducing and pulling branches, which is convenient for management and picking.
Plum trees have strong adaptability and vigorous growth. Therefore, in the process of pruning, it is appropriate to cut off or reduce the upright and vigorous branches.
At the same time, the branches that form a small angle with the trunk, that is, less than 45 degrees, make the included angle between the trunk and the main branch about 45 degrees with the help of branch pulling. In this way, the whole tree can be dwarfed and easy to pick.
Step 5: plastic trimming
Plastic pruning refers to pruning trees in a certain shape by cutting short branches, reducing, slowing down and pulling branches. It can not only beautify the tree crown, but also keep the orchard clean and tidy.
Pruning generally follows the principle of pruning according to the situation, that is, pruning appropriately according to the growth of trees. If it is a young plum tree, it can also be adjusted and pruned slowly according to the ideal tree shape.