(1) Pruning principle: Most jujube trees that have been left unattended for a long time are invisible, with unclear main sides, messy branchlets, scorched branches, more flowers and fewer fruits, and low yield. Therefore, when pruning, we should master the principle of taking care of the current output and gradually transforming it.

(2) Pruning method: First, sparse dense branches, sparse dense backbone branches that are seriously aging and weak and have no development prospects. Then the remaining backbone branches should be dealt with according to the situation. Sparse or retract those that are too dense, drooping and dry. Retraction should not be too heavy, so as not to affect the output too much. After the main branches are treated, as many branchlets as possible should be kept to ensure the fruiting ability. For the existing long branches on the tree, we should choose the ones with vigorous growth and good direction to cultivate them to replace the aging backbone branches to expand the crown. Too many branches should be cut off properly, and the rest should be cut short or topped according to the size of space, and cultivated into fruiting branches.

2, young tree trunk shaping method:

(1) Fixed stem: After the jujube tree is planted, because of its slow growth, it is not strong enough and vigorous enough in the early stage, so it does not need pruning. Leave more branches to make it thicker and taller as soon as possible. When the tree height is 1.5 ~ 2m and the trunk diameter is 2 ~ 3cm, it will be cut off at a proper height. Generally, the trunk of pure jujube orchard is fixed at 1 ~ 1.2 m, and the trunk of intercropping orchard is fixed at 1.2 ~ 1.4 m, and the trunk of dense planting orchard can be indefinite. 65438+ 0.5 ~ 25 cm below the cut is the shaping belt, in which 4 ~ 5 secondary branches are removed from the base to promote the main buds on the trunk to sprout new jujube heads and cultivate the main branches.

(2) Shaping: In the second year after stem setting, 1 upright and stout branches are selected as the central branches, and 3-4 branches with good directionality and appropriate angles are left as the lower first-layer main branches, and the rest are all thinned out. After these branches grow vigorously, in the third to fourth years, with the same branch promotion method as the fixed stem, the main branches are equipped with side branches and second-tier main branches.

3. Results Jujube pruning method:

Results The regeneration period is mainly to delay the senescence of trees and delay the fruiting, so the method of retraction is often used to retract some drooping main branches and other weak branches accordingly. Generally, it retracts to the rootstock bud with strong vitality of jujube trees. After the main branch is retracted, the new jujube head is pushed forward, which can be gradually cultivated into main branch extension branches and side branches, enriching the supplementary space in the inner room. If the updated branches are now on the main branch, they can be directly taken back to the updated branch.

(1) Jujube trees at the first fruit stage: Pruning jujube trees at the first fruit stage is mainly to reduce the consumption of nutrients and increase the yield, so the densely developed branches except the central trunk, main lateral branches and large fruit branches should be drained, leaving room for pruning the terminal buds.

(2) Jujube trees in full fruit period: Pruning jujube trees in full fruit period is mainly to maintain good ventilation and light transmission conditions in the crown, so that the density of branches and leaves is appropriate, so that the fruiting branches can bear a large number of fruits, and the fruiting branches are rejuvenated and refreshed in a planned way, so that the fruiting branches can maintain a long fruiting life. The first is to remove long, alternating, intersecting, parallel and overlapping branches. The second is thinning, cutting weak branches and too dense branches. Third, the top of the main branch stops and retracts appropriately. The fourth is to cultivate robust fruiting branches and fruiting mother branches.

4, the old tree update pruning method:

Updating and pruning of old trees is to take corresponding updating and pruning measures according to the number of effective jujube trees for trees with different aging degrees. Pay attention to the master-slave relationship when updating the old tree, and proceed in sequence. The wound should be waxed to prevent it from cracking and letting the rain rot. The renewal of backbone branches should be completed at one time, not in batches. Most importantly, the renewal and pruning should be carried out on the basis of strengthening the management of underground fertilizer and water.

(1) Photoregeneration: When the effective rootstock of jujube tree is 1000 ~ 1500, the method of slight retraction can be adopted to cut off 1/3 of the total length of each trunk branch, so as to enhance the tree potential and continue to bear fruit.

(2) Mid-term regeneration: when the effective number of jujube trees is 500 ~ 1000, the full-length 1/2 can be sawed off at the branches with strong vitality and outward extension, so as to sprout new branches, and at the same time, strengthen tree management, and keep the tree 1 ~ 2 years (closed)

(3) Regeneration: When the effective number of jujube trees is 300 ~ 500, the regeneration method should be adopted. Similarly, strong seedlings and latent buds should be selected, and 2/3 of the main branches should be sawed off to sprout new branches and re-form the crown. Then we should strengthen the management under the tree, and the tree will return to normal results after 2 years (no nails).