As a patient, breast cancer after radiotherapy is more about skin care after radiotherapy. The general principle of nursing after radiotherapy is to reduce skin irritation after radiotherapy. Specifically, for example, in hot weather, we should reduce the sun's exposure and blow less cool air.
In addition, there is a very important problem to reduce trauma, especially after surgery. For example, some patients changed their clothes after radiotherapy. This kind of clothes is made of chemical fiber, which may cause inflammation and injury after radiotherapy. It may be manifested as inflammation and edema in the early stage, and may be aggravated in the later stage. From the patient's point of view, we should increase nutrition and the law of life.
There is another aspect of nursing after radiotherapy for breast cancer. Upper limb edema in patients with breast cancer after radiotherapy. Of course, after edema, on the one hand, you should see a doctor and give you some professional guidance, on the other hand, you should reduce the load. Don't lift some heavy things with edema hands, because edema has arterial blood supply, but there is no reflux, which may aggravate edema under heavy load. In addition, there are upper limbs that can make edema in a higher position.
Nursing care of breast cancer after radiotherapy ~ ~ Dietary care Some patients will have adverse reactions of digestive system during radiotherapy, such as nausea, insensitivity to taste, loss of appetite, etc., which will affect their eating, lead to nutritional deficiency and decreased resistance, which is not conducive to normal tissue repair. Therefore, we should adjust our diet reasonably, avoid a single diet and maintain a balanced nutrition. Avoid foods that are too cold, too hot, greasy and spicy. Don't eat too full or too fast. Chew slowly and let the food be chewed fully, which is conducive to digestion and absorption, prevent abdominal pain and bloating caused by eating fast, and ensure that the body gets enough water.
Check blood routine regularly and observe the changes of white blood cells. If leukopenia is found, the body's immunity is reduced and there is a risk of infection, radiotherapy should be suspended. In addition to drug treatment, patients should be isolated in a protective way, and the ward should be ventilated and disinfected to keep the air fresh. Patients should pay attention to rest, reduce going out and visiting relatives, and keep patients clean and hygienic.
Discharge guidance
Instruct breast cancer patients to continue to do skin care in irradiation field for at least 1~3 months to avoid scratches and abrasions. Three months after radiotherapy for breast cancer, if there is no special skin in the irradiation field, a suitable breast prosthesis can be selected as needed. Patients need regular check-ups, monthly self-examination of the healthy breast and observation of the lateral chest wall to see if there is irritating dry cough and chest pain. If you feel unwell, seek medical advice promptly. Continue to do functional exercise of the affected limb to avoid or reduce the burden of the affected limb. Tell the affected upper limb not to be infused and measure blood pressure. Because breast cancer is positively correlated with estrogen level and fat intake, pregnancy should be avoided and low-fat diet should be adhered to for five years after operation. Take the medicine on time according to the doctor's advice, and inform the side effects and precautions.
Rehabilitation guidance
Focus on the functional exercise of the affected upper limb, and radiate it to the chest, back, waist and all limbs for rehabilitation exercise. The focus of upper limb exercise on the affected side is lifting and abduction. Exercise methods include: climbing the wall, pulling the rope, stretching the elbow and swinging. Movement from simple to complex, from local to whole body. The range and amount of exercise depends on the patient's own situation and is not suitable for abnormal fatigue. Rehabilitation exercise should continue. 3 psychological guidance
Most breast cancer patients will lose their feminine beauty after mastectomy, resulting in anxiety and weakened self-confidence. Therefore, we need to help patients accept the fact that they are partially missing, and tell them that appearance defects can be made up by wearing breast implants, special bras and breast plastic surgery. The important thing is to treat it correctly. After physical recovery, return to society as soon as possible and take an active part in health activities.