Fertilization of Shatangju should pay attention to methods and skills to achieve less fertilizer, high efficiency, economy and safety. Fertilization should avoid the roots and be buried vertically outside the crown. When the soil is too dry for fertilization, the root system will be dehydrated and damaged by reverse osmosis, and when the soil is too wet for fertilization, the root system will be anoxic and rotten. Therefore, fertilization should be based on dry soil and not too wet. Attention should be paid to increasing the application of phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium fertilizers instead of partial application of nitrogen fertilizers. When urea is applied, there is dryness at the end or middle of the leaves, so the orchard should stop applying urea, and then the orchard should stop applying urea. Water and fertilizer prepared by retting human and animal manure must be fully decomposed before use.

The principle of applying fertilizer in spring and summer is to apply thin fertilizer frequently to avoid lack of fertilizer or excessive fertilization. Applying too much nitrogen fertilizer too early in spring will make the spring shoots too long and the internodes too long to bear fruit. Premature germination of summer shoots is easy to cause a large number of fruit drop. Therefore, the important measures to control premature sprouting of summer shoots are not to apply too much fertilizer in spring, and to do a good job of fruit preservation to inhibit new shoots. Too much potassium fertilizer, lack of boron, low zinc, low magnesium, low calcium, tender branches or insufficient light are all easy to crack. Fertilize in autumn and winter, and then apply base fertilizer to help restore the tree potential of Shatangju. During the fertilization period, basal fertilizer should be deeply applied about one week before and after the fruit picking of Shatangju. The fertilization method adopts annular furrow application, and a fertilization furrow with a depth of 40cm and a width of 30cm is dug at the dripping place at the outer edge of the crown. The type of fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer or special fertilizer for citrus, supplemented by available nitrogen fertilizer. Fertilizer consumption accounts for about 30% of the annual consumption. For the severely weak Shatangju fruit trees, it is necessary to combine soil improvement and fertilization to renew their roots. That is, in autumn (10 ~165438+10) or after thawing to spring (at the end of February and the beginning of March), an annular ditch with a depth of 60 cm and a width of 30-40 cm is dug at a position about 1 m from the trunk, and the inner wall of the dug root ditch is leveled. Each plant is applied with 25 kg of fireclay or soil miscellaneous fertilizer, 50 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 65,438+05 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 65,438+000 kg of buried indigo naturalis and 0.5 kg of lime, which are mixed with topsoil and filled in ditches to promote new roots. Fertilize the stable sugar chrysanthemum fruit trees according to the conventional method of digging ditches to improve the soil. When fertilizing, ploughing should be carried out. First, plow from the outside to the center of the tree to avoid damaging the main lateral roots. Shallow excavation should be carried out near the trunk. Take 10 cm as the degree, and dig about 30 cm between rows. The subsoil should be turned over, and the topsoil should be flattened to make the subsoil weathered. After fertilization, the soil surface should be flat.

Planting method of Shatangju:

Shatangju-usually planted in February and March in spring, can be planted in shallow pits of paddy fields with fertile soil and deep soil layers and on the alluvial soil by the river, and the paddy fields should be arranged in rows. Deep pits 1m square should be dug in dry land and sloping land with poor soil, and sufficient base fertilizer should be prepared. 3 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 5 kg of lime, garbage mud or pond mud 100 kg, and 30-50 kg of pig, cow and chicken manure should be applied to each pit. When filling the pit, mix the fertilizer and soil evenly, and then fill it back into the pit to make a tree tray about 2O cm above the ground. Before planting, cut off some branches and leaves of seedlings to reduce water evaporation, cut off main roots and try to keep fibrous roots. When planting, dig a shallow pit to let the fibrous roots stretch naturally, and then return to the soil for compaction, and the buried height should not exceed the grafting. After planting, cover the tree tray with straw or other weeds and water the roots. Planting-within one month, keep the soil near the root system moist, with high temperature, long sunshine, dry soil and watering every day. When it rains, the soil is wet, so there is no need to pour water.

Young tree management of Shatangju;

1, fertilizer and water management. Young tree management takes fertilizer and water management as the core, which promotes root growth, branches grow early and quickly, and crowns grow early. After 40 days of planting, new roots begin to grow, which can be diluted by 2-3 times with decomposed manure water, and applied once every 65,438+0o ~ 65,438+05 days, with 5-65,438+0o per plant. With the growth of young trees, the concentration and dosage of manure water gradually increased, and urea was properly added and dissolved in manure water for spraying. From the year of planting, the number of fertilization can be reduced, and the amount of manure and chemical fertilizer can be increased each time, with 30 kg of manure and 3 liang of urea applied each time. By September, stop applying nitrogen fertilizer and manure, apply potassium fertilizer and apply half a catty of potassium chloride to each plant to promote flower bud differentiation. At the same time, we should pay attention to soil moisture management.

2, plastic trimming. The purpose of shaping is to make the skeleton of Shatangju tree reasonable and the branches evenly distributed, which is beneficial to ventilation and light transmission, three-dimensional fruit, reducing pests and diseases, and laying the foundation for early fruit and high yield. Heteromorphous Saccharum usually adopts a natural happy shape. After planting, the method is to cut the stem at 40 cm, and after germination, select three branches in different directions as the main technology. The main technology is that it forms an angle of 45 with the vertical line of the trunk, and the main branch is too upright, so it is necessary to widen the branch angle with ropes. After the main branch matures, keep it at 30 cm, and then select three auxiliary branches in different directions on the main branch for future use. Erect branches planted on backbone branches such as main branches and auxiliary branches should be cut off, and weak branches should be properly retained as auxiliary branches. Shatangju has strong germination ability and dense branches, 3-4 branches at a time, and all the excess ones are thinned out. In order to make summer buds and autumn buds sprout orderly, it is necessary to control buds, that is, when only sporadic branches sprout in the whole garden, the buds are erased to stimulate lateral buds to sprout, and 80% of the branches in the whole garden will sprout, which is convenient for pest control.