Gansu is composed of the initials of Ganzhou (now Zhangye) and Suzhou (now Jiuquan). Because Xixia once set up Gansu military sub-division, Gansu Province was set up in Yuan Dynasty, referred to as Gansu; Because most of the province is in the west of Longshan (Liupan Mountain), Longyou Road was set up here in the Tang Dynasty, so it is also called Longyan for short.

Gansu, referred to as "Gan" or "Long", is a provincial administrative region in People's Republic of China (PRC). Lanzhou, the provincial capital, is located in the northwest inland of China. Gansu is bounded by 3211'-42 57' north latitude and 9213'-108 46' east longitude. It borders Shaanxi in the east and Xinjiang in the west, overlooking Sichuan, Qinghai and the north.

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Climatic characteristics of Gansu province

There are various climate types in Gansu, which are divided into subtropical monsoon climate, temperate monsoon climate, temperate continental (arid) climate and plateau alpine climate from south to north. The annual average temperature is 0- 15℃, and the climate in most areas is dry, with arid and semi-arid areas accounting for 75% of the total area. The main meteorological disasters are drought, rainstorm and flood, hail, strong wind, sandstorm and frost.

The annual precipitation in all parts of the province is 36.6-734.9 mm, decreasing from southeast to northwest. The precipitation in the west of Wushaoling is obviously reduced, and the precipitation in Longnan Mountain area and the east of Qilian Mountain is more. Affected by the monsoon, precipitation is mostly concentrated in June-August, accounting for 50%-70% of the annual precipitation. The frost-free period in the province varies greatly from place to place. Longnan Valley is generally about 280 days, and Gannan Plateau is the shortest, only 140 days. The altitude in most places is between 1500m and 3000m, and the annual rainfall is about 300mm (40-800mm).

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