The main functions are as follows:
1. Improve soil structure, improve soil fertility, and reduce it year by year, so that chemical fertilizers and pesticides are completely unnecessary, and finally realize no-tillage operation. Experiments of relevant domestic scientific research institutions show that compared with chemical fertilizers, EM beneficial microorganisms and pig manure can increase available potassium by 5%, available phosphorus by 3 1.2% and total nitrogen by 15.5% in the soil. The more fertile the soil, the more beneficial it is to small animals (earthworms, etc.). ), the stronger the water permeability, water retention and air permeability, the better the granulation growth. After continuous use for three to five years, the ecological and physical and chemical properties of soil can be completely improved, and no-tillage planting can be realized.
2. Suppress the survival and reproduction of harmful microorganisms, reduce and gradually eliminate soil-borne diseases and insect pests and obstacles to continuous cropping.
3. Do not use herbicides to suppress and eliminate weeds (please consult the company's technicians for detailed methods).
4. Enhance plant metabolic function, improve photosynthesis, promote seed germination, develop root system, blossom early, bear more fruits, and advance maturity by more than 10 days.
5. Low input and high return ensure agricultural prosperity and sustainable development. After several years of use in various places, one crop per mu only needs EM beneficial microorganisms 1.5-2 kg, and the yield increase range is generally: the yield increase of grain and oil crops 10-20% or more (including soybean yield increase of more than 40%); The yield of leafy vegetables increased by more than 8-26% (tuber and tuber yield increased more); The rate of keeping flowers and fruits increased by more than 40%, and the single fruit weight, sugar content and fresh-keeping ability were obviously improved. Flowers can bloom half a month in advance, with more and brighter flowers and longer flowering period.
6. Improve the quality, produce pure natural green products with large color, delicious taste and no chemical pollution, and comprehensively improve the market competitiveness of agricultural products.
Second, the general use method of EM stock solution in planting industry
(1)EM beneficial microorganism diluent for seed soaking, seed dressing, root soaking, foliar spraying, and ploughing after spraying returned straw.
(2) Fermented compost is made of EM beneficial microorganisms, and applied to the soil as base fertilizer to improve the soil and improve the soil fertility (diluted solution of EM beneficial microorganisms can also be sprayed on the soil).
Production method: local materials, such as chaff, weeds, human and animal manure, crop straw (chopped), stems and leaves, sawdust, etc., it is best to add some wine jars.
Mixing and stirring the residue, edible fungus substrate residue and cake meal; According to the total amount of raw materials 500- 1000: EM beneficial microorganisms 1: brown sugar 1: water 30-35%.
According to the dry-wet water ratio of materials, dissolve brown sugar, pour it into water, add EM effective microorganisms, and then mix it with raw materials.
Uniformly stacking, compacting, sealing with plastic film or canvas, and anaerobic fermentation. After summer 10 days and winter 15 days, the distiller's yeast has a white or red smell.
The color of mycelium indicates that the fermentation is successful. You can also dig a big pit in the ground, and spray the bottom and the fourth pit with 500- 1000 times EM effective microbial diluent first.
Wall, and then each layer of material (20 cm thick) is sprayed with 500 times diluted EM beneficial microorganisms until the pit is filled, and then covered with soil.
Step on it, ferment for two weeks, and use it when it smells of distiller's yeast or white-red hyphae appear; If the temperature reaches above 50℃ during fermentation, it should be turned over.
After cooling, the fermentation is sealed to avoid destroying effective substances. Closed fermentation compost can be stored for 3 months.
(3) The fertilizer fermented by EM beneficial microorganisms is used as topdressing.
Preparation method: mixing and stirring according to the ratio of EM effective microorganism 1: brown sugar 1: manure water 200, covering with a film, and stirring once every 1-2 days for 5-7 days.
Yes, it can be diluted 200-500 times with water.
(4) preparing diluent and spraying.
Add 1 part EM and 65438 parts brown sugar (brown sugar is dissolved in hot water first) to the required number of times, and use it now. For example, adding 500 times of water is 500 times of dilution.
(5) making insect-proof liquid
EM, brown sugar, soju (above 30), vinegar and water are mixed at the ratio of1:1:10, and put into a plastic container (glass bottles are not allowed) for indoor fermentation 15. The standard dilution ratio of insect repellent is 1000 -500 times. It has obvious effect on a variety of pests (mainly nematodes), and users can master it according to local conditions.
Thirdly, the specific uses of EM beneficial microorganisms in various crops.
(A) Paddy field with rice as an example
How to use em in rice;
1. Sowing: After sowing, spray the seedbed with 200 times diluted stock solution.
2. Bud to one leaf and one heart: spray with 500 times diluent, usually every 2 days (or after each watering).
3. One leaf with one heart and two leaves with one heart: spray with 300 times diluent, usually at intervals of 2-3 days (or after each watering).
4. After two leaves are in one heart: spray with 200 times diluent, usually at intervals of 2-3 days (or after each watering).
5. When transplanting rice seedlings: soak the roots of seedlings with 500 times diluent, so as to facilitate rooting and shorten the seedling delay time.
6. after transplanting: sprinkle EM 1 kg per mu of land. EM must be used 3-5 days after herbicide is used in rice fields.
7. Spraying: In addition to spraying 500 times, 300 times and 200 times at tillering stage, flowering and heading stage and filling stage respectively, the more the better. Can promote the growth and development of rice and promote maturity. Improve output and quality.
The main role of EM in rice application;
1. Prevent rice blast, rice gangrene and other pests and diseases.
2. Straw returning technology or farm manure after EM treatment can improve soil structure faster, overcome the obstacles of re-recommendation, and eliminate soil-borne diseases and insect pests.
3. Increase yield, increase rice yield and reduce input.
4. Improve the quality of rice to make it more fragrant and delicious.
Benefit utility:
1. In combination with EM, it is necessary to reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer, and the general reduction is 1/3. If too much fertilizer is applied, it may lead to greed of plants.
2. Application method of straw returning to the field to activate the soil: After the straw is crushed, it is fermented by EM, or fermented by various farmyard manure, which has better effect, can activate the soil, increase the organic matter in the soil, decompose the saline-alkali soil, and can be used to eliminate the alkali in the saline-alkali soil.
(2) Dryland crops
Suitable for wheat, beans, potatoes and herbs, cotton, hemp, sugarcane, tobacco leaves, vegetables (including greenhouses), melons, asparagus, grasses and so on.
1. When ploughing and soil preparation, apply 50 kg EM beneficial microbial compost per mu (about 20 cm into the soil). Or spray the ground evenly with 500 times effective microbial diluent of EM.
2. During seedling raising, seeds are soaked with 200 times of EM beneficial microorganism diluent and then sown, and seeds are sprayed with 500 times of EM beneficial microorganism diluent once after emergence. Transplanted seedlings should be soaked in 500 times EM beneficial microorganism diluent for 5 minutes before planting, or watered once with 500 times EM beneficial microorganism diluent (the soaked diluent can be used for watering roots).
3. During the growing period, spray a crop with 500 times of EM beneficial microbial diluent, and the more times, the better, preferably once a week 1 time. You can also use EM beneficial microbial fertilizer diluent to water the roots and topdressing, and the effect is better.
4. If nutrient bowl or nutrient soil is used, 30% EM beneficial microbial compost can be added to the total soil, then mixed and stirred with 500 times diluent, covered and sealed for fermentation for 30 days (turning over the compost for 2-3 times).
(3) Garden fruit trees
All kinds of fruit trees, tea, mulberry, ginseng, Chinese herbal medicines, flowers, etc.
1. When preparing soil in nursery, apply EM beneficial microbial compost; When raising seedlings, seeds are soaked with 200 times of EM stock solution refined diluent, then the roots are watered with 800 times of diluent and sprayed on the leaves.
2. After the fruits (leaves) are picked in autumn, and before the germination of bud membrane in spring, 50 kg 1 mu of EM beneficial microbial compost is applied as base fertilizer respectively.
3. After the spring buds grow to about 1cm, spray 1 1,000 times EM beneficial microbial insect-repellent liquid on the branches and leaves every seven days, and spray 1-2 times in September and June to prevent and control pests.
4. Spraying 500 times of EM beneficial microbial diluent at bud stage and the end of flowering stage, respectively, to improve the fruit setting rate (not suitable for spraying at flowering stage).
5. Spraying 500 times of EM beneficial microbial diluent once in the fruit-stable period, fruit-strong period and before picking tea and mulberry leaves (the spraying times can be appropriately increased depending on the growth) is beneficial to improving the yield and quality.
6. Spray 1000 times EM beneficial microbial diluent every autumn and winter every 15 days to prevent defoliation in winter. (South)
7. Fruit preservation: spray 100 times EM beneficial microbial diluent around fresh fruits three days before picking. If EM beneficial microbial diluent is not sprayed before fruit picking, fresh fruits with intact epidermis can be sprayed with 100 times EM beneficial microbial diluent, dried, bagged and covered with plastic film, and checked every other week. After picking out rotten fruits, spray 500 times EM beneficial microorganism diluent, dry, bag and pile up, and cover all around. Compared with traditional methods, the fresh-keeping time of fruits treated by this method can be prolonged by 1-2 times.
(4) Edible fungi
EM beneficial microorganisms can improve the cooking characteristics of bacteria and improve the yield and quality of mushrooms. The cost is reduced and the income is greatly improved. In the production process of edible fungi, such as mixing, fermentation, fruiting and spraying 500 times diluted solution of EM beneficial microorganisms after each fruiting, all kinds of miscellaneous bacteria can be suppressed and eliminated, residual pesticides in mushroom materials can be decomposed, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin can be degraded, and bacterial proteins, various amino acids, nucleic acids, vitamins and physiologically active substances can be increased, providing rich nutrition for the growth of edible fungi, with large mushroom shape, single mushroom weight, thick leaves and good taste.
Matters needing attention
1. According to the growth law of plants, before the critical period of crop growth, master a series of production methods such as using EM beneficial microorganisms to participate in base fertilizer, seed and seedling treatment, topdressing, pest control, etc., and achieve the best yield-increasing effect.
2. After rain and in the evening, using EM has the best effect on beneficial microorganisms.