They are all a data type, and the difference lies in the range of values and the bit size. Different data type variables are applied for different values. Take a 32-bit operating system as an example:

Short integers account for 4 bytes.

Long integers require 8 bytes (64 bits).

Double type takes up 8 bytes.

Long double type accounts for 16 bytes.

The above is my personal understanding, and the following is the range of data types:

Data type range

Integer [signed] int-2147483648 ~+2147483648

Unsigned integer unsigned [int] 0 ~ 4294967295

short integer short[int]-32768 ~ 32768

Unsigned short integer [int] 0 ~ 65535

Long Integer Long int-2 147483648 ~+2 147483648

Unsigned long integer unsigned [int] 0 ~ 4294967295

Character type [signed] char-128 ~+127

Unsigned characters of unsigned character type 0~255

Single-precision floating-point number 3.4x10 (-38) ~ 3.4x10 (+38)

Double1.7x10 (-308) ~1.7x10 (+308)

Long Shuang1.7x10 (-308) ~1.7x10 (+308)