Case analysis

A middle-aged male patient suffered from myocardial hypoxia, chest pain, rapid heartbeat and breathing due to high-intensity outdoor work in summer.

1) What are the main stimuli, related stimuli and intrinsic stimuli of this case?

(2) What are the physiological and psychological adjustment methods for this case?

Answer:

(1) The main stimulus of this case is myocardial ischemia. Related stimuli include high temperature, pain, age, body temperature, coronary artery tolerance and so on. Intrinsic stimuli are some uncertain factors such as chest pain, rapid heartbeat and breathing, such as smoking history and stress related to their occupation.

(2) Physiological regulation is mainly an autonomic response regulated by neurochemical endocrine process. Myocardial hypoxia stimulates myocardial nociceptors to enter the central nervous system through sympathetic afferent fibers, and the latter reaches the effector organs through sympathetic efferent fibers of the spinal autonomic nerve center, causing respiration and heartbeat to accelerate, so as to increase oxygen supply to the heart and act as a physiological regulator.

Psychological adjustment refers to the body's response through the process of cognition, information processing, learning, judgment and emotion after receiving information through the cerebral cortex. Therefore, according to the experience, the patient immediately stops the high temperature, rests in the shade, breathes deeply and slowly, or lies down and raises his legs. Through these corresponding measures, the patient's conscious symptoms may be relieved, which is the role of cognitive regulator. If the symptoms cannot be relieved, you must go to the hospital for medical treatment.

V. Short answer questions

1. Briefly describe the development process of nursing concept.

2. What are the basic elements of nursing philosophy?

3. What are the functions of nursing theory?

4. what kinds of stimuli does Roy classify that affect people's adaptation?

VI. Applied analysis questions

1. What are the characteristics of nursing theory?

2. Try to explain the proposition about the interaction process between nurses and patients in Jin Biao theory.

V. Short answer questions

1. A: The formation of nursing concept can be divided into four stages: ① asceticism stage; ② romanticism

stage; ③ Pragmatism stage and ④ Humanism existentialism stage.

2. A: There are four basic elements of nursing concept: ① people; ② Environment or society; ③ Health; ④ Nursing.

3. The main functions of nursing theory are: ① to provide a reliable professional knowledge base; ② enhance communication; ③ Enhance the autonomy of nursing < P > specialty.

4. Roy divides the stimuli that affect people's adaptation into three types:

① The main stimuli are those that need immediate response at that time;

② related stimuli-some inducements or stimuli that have an impact at that time, which can be observed, measured or told by myself; (3) inherent stimuli-the original stimuli that constitute my physique. These stimuli may have a certain relationship with the situation at that time, but they are not easy to observe or measure.

VI. Applied analysis questions

1. Answer: According to Torres, nursing theory must have the following characteristics:

① Theory can link concepts in a special way, thus providing a brand-new way or

angle to observe things. Theory clearly explains the relationship between various phenomena through the organic combination of concepts, and is used to describe, explain or predict a certain phenomenon; ② The theory must be logical. There must be a certain reasoning and logical relationship between the concepts of the composition theory, and they cannot contradict or conflict with each other; ③ The theory must be easy to understand and easy to popularize and apply; ④ Theory can be tested as the basis of hypothesis; ⑤ Through the practice and research of theory, the knowledge of nursing discipline can be increased; ⑤ It must be instructive to practice. F ⑦ It must be consistent with other proven theories and laws.

2. A: Jin's theory of reaching the standard holds that both nurses and patients can finally communicate through the processes of perception, judgment, action, reaction and interaction. If the two sides can achieve the unity of understanding through accurate perception and harmonious interaction, < P > communication will occur. Regarding the interaction process between nurses and clients, Jin put forward eight propositions: ① If the perception of the interaction between nurses and clients is accurate, it will promote communication. ② If nurses communicate with clients, it will promote the goal. If the goal is achieved, each other will be satisfied. (4) If the goal is achieved, nursing will be effective. ⑤ If nurses communicate with clients, it will promote their growth and development. ⑥ If the role expectation and performance of nurses and clients are consistent, communication will be enhanced. ⑦ If there is a role conflict between nurses and clients, there will be pressure in the nurse-patient relationship. (3) If nurses have professional knowledge and skills and can effectively communicate with clients, they will promote the development and realization of goals.