Many people have been burned near hot things. Rinsing with cold water immediately after burn for a period of time can make the blood vessels of the wound contract, reduce the exudation of tissue fluid and reduce the formation of blisters. If blisters have formed at the burn site, don't break the small ones until the blisters naturally absorb and dissipate; The older one should go to the hospital for treatment, so as not to affect the wound repair and increase the chance of infection.
Myth 1: Treating burns with toothpaste.
Many people use toothpaste after scalding, thinking that toothpaste plays a cool and heat-dissipating role. However, Wang Leyan, deputy chief physician, pointed out that toothpaste itself has no anti-infection effect and often carries a certain amount of bacteria. The friction agent in toothpaste is irritating to the wound, while the foaming agent and flavoring agent have no therapeutic effect on the wound, which is easy to cause granulation proliferation and wound infection.
Myth 2: Apply purple syrup, red syrup and soy sauce to the wound.
Applying purple liquid medicine, red liquid medicine and soy sauce to burn wounds is a common "earthwork", but it will also aggravate the injury. Wang Leyan said that purple liquid medicine, red liquid medicine and soy sauce have weak anti-infection ability, and dark liquid medicine covers the wound surface, so it is impossible to accurately judge the scope and area of the wound surface, which affects the doctor's understanding of the burn depth and may further affect the treatment.
Myth 3: Sprinkle some baking soda and edible alkali on the wound.
Some people advocate that acid burns should be neutralized with alkali, and alkali burns should be neutralized with acid. The theory is correct, but it is not desirable in practice. In the process of consultation in Wang Leyan, it was found that some people would sprinkle some baking soda and edible alkali on the wound, which is lack of certain chemical knowledge, because acid-base neutralization will release a lot of heat, causing thermal burns and aggravating the injury.
Myth 4: Drink plenty of boiled water after scalding.
Some people think that after burns, patients are thirsty and lose a lot of body fluids. In the explosion burn, some patients have been burnt into black charcoal, which supplements a lot of water and needs to drink a lot of boiled water. However, this is not the case. Drinking plenty of water after burn will dilute the electrolyte in the blood, leading to water poisoning. The correct method should be to supplement an appropriate amount of water containing electrolytes, such as brackish water.
Myth 5: Don't eat "hair" after burns.
Burn is also a kind of trauma. There is a folk saying that "Mao" can induce diseases or aggravate the condition, such as fish and shrimp, dog mutton, leeks and parsley. In fact, there is no such thing as "hair" in western medicine, and it is necessary to supplement nutrition for burn patients in the later stage. At the initial stage of treatment, patients need to supplement nutrient solution because of serious loss of body fluids.
Tip: Six skills of first aid for burns.
In daily life, in the face of burns, how should we give ourselves first aid? Deputy Chief Physician Wang Leyan gave you some advice. When burned by fire, you should take off your burning clothes immediately. Avoid running and shouting with fire, so as not to inhale harmful gases and avoid respiratory tract burns. Cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel to prevent suffocation or poisoning caused by inhalation of smoke. Lower your body against the wall to find the exit.
For the most common mild burns, especially the limb burns caused by life factors, most of them are red and have a burning sensation, just like the feeling of scalding. At this time, the affected limb should be immediately washed with clear water or soaked in cold water for about 30 minutes to cool the wound and reduce the degree of thermal damage. Some people think that cold water will blister after scalding. In fact, the absence of blisters has nothing to do with contact with cold water, but only with the cause and depth of burns. Rinsing with cold water immediately after burn for a period of time can make the blood vessels of the wound contract, reduce the exudation of tissue fluid and reduce the formation of blisters. If blisters have formed at the burn site, don't break the small ones until the blisters naturally absorb and dissipate; The older one should go to the hospital for treatment, so as not to affect the wound repair and increase the chance of infection.
Don't take off your clothes in a hurry for burns covered by clothes, because clothes (especially chemical fibers) are easy to stick to the skin after burning, and will be torn off once they are forced. Cold water should be poured on the clothes immediately, and after the local temperature drops, it should be gently taken off or cut longitudinally with scissors.
Psychology: Physical and mental recovery after burns should go hand in hand.
Clinically, it is found that once some patients are burned, there is an expectant expression on their faces. If you can't meet your expectations, it will lead to a big psychological gap and upset. How to intervene in similar situations? Dr. Xu Zhi from the Department of Psychiatry, CUHK Hospital said that patients will have different performances at different stages, so family members and medical staff must give patients spiritual support.
According to reports, patients with early burns are difficult to accept the reality, and they are nervous and anxious to know the result after the cure, which has a great influence on their appearance and is worried about leaving scars. For family members, it is necessary to patiently comfort patients, relieve their fears and nervousness, and make them actively cooperate with the treatment.
Experts said that they entered the stage of burn treatment. Due to wound infection, the course of disease is prolonged, and the patient repeatedly changes the dressing, cuts the scab and performs surgical treatment. Suffering, complaining, regretting, being negative and pessimistic. This stage is a critical period of psychological nursing. It is necessary to find problems in time, persuade and comfort them in time, talk and communicate with patients more, and help patients build up their courage and confidence in their future lives and overcome themselves.
Finally, the stage of burn rehabilitation. Because of pigmentation, scar contracture and deformity after wound healing, the patient's mood is complicated and painful, and he will think that he is ugly and useless. At this time, psychologists should enlighten them, change their attitude, such as plastic surgery after ugliness, or use some spiritual victory methods, such as: "If you survive, you will be blessed" and "After all, people are still alive." Dr. Xu Zhi pointed out that once diagnosed, patients with depression should be treated with drugs under the guidance of experts to avoid life-threatening accidents after serious illness.
There are many folk methods of first aid for burns, but many of them are unscientific. Try not to use it as much as possible, go to the hospital for scientific treatment in time, pray for your burns and relieve your situation! Everyone should master scientific first aid methods when nursing burns, be alert to the above five misunderstandings, and avoid the aggravation of the condition.
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