Data of bauhinia pollen Ⅰ. Introduction of Bauhinia Palace Powder
Bauhinia variegata L., also known as Bauhinia Bauhinia L., is a deciduous tree in Leguminosae. Also known as "Gongfen Bauhinia", "Curved Leaf Tree", "Red Bauhinia", "Red Bauhinia" and "Bauhinia". Distributed in southern China; India, India and zhina also have it. It grows in the tropics and has a wide range of uses.
Second, the morphological characteristics of bauhinia palace powder
A deciduous tree, 7 meters high, with alternate leaves and 5~ 12 cm long. Kidney-shaped 2-lobed base is heart-shaped, with veins 1 1 to 13, extending radially from the base of leaves, and the leaves are light green and smooth. Leaf: The top of the leaf splits inward to 1/3 of the leaf length, and the base is heart-shaped with all edges. The leaves are smooth and the veins on the back of the leaves are covered with short hairs. There are 1 1 to 13 veins, which are distributed radially from the leaf base. The leaf shape is similar to that of bauhinia, hence the name. Flowers: bisexual, terminal or axillary racemes, pink or lavender flowers, fragrant, composed of five independent petals, one of which has red and yellow-green stripes. Five stamens develop, and the flowering period is 1 ~ 3 months, which usually opens earlier than the new leaves. Fruit: long pods, up to 30 cm long. It is black when it is ripe, and it will crack and release seeds. The fruiting period is August-September.
Thirdly, the growth habit of bauhinia in Gongfen.
1, like sunshine and warm and humid environment, not cold-resistant.
2. It should be moist, fertile and well-drained acid soil, and the planting place should be sunny.
4. Cultivation techniques of Bauhinia Gongfen
The main propagation methods of Bauhinia bow powder are: sowing, cutting or layering, grafting, mainly using sowing and grafting.
1, sowing and breeding
From September to June, 5438+1October, mature pods were collected, seeds were taken out and buried in dry sand in the shade for the winter. Sow in late March to early April, and treat the seeds before sowing to make the seedlings grow in Miao Zhuang. Soak the seeds in warm water at 60℃ and keep soaking for 3 to 5 days after cooling. Cold water needs to be changed once a day After the seeds absorb water and swell, they are placed in the environment of 15℃ to accelerate germination, and are drenched with warm water 1 ~ 2 times a day. Seeded in the seedbed after the seeds are exposed to the ground, seedlings can grow after two weeks, and can be properly spaced after emergence. Four real leaves can be transplanted in the nursery, and loose and fertile loam is better for the border. In order to facilitate management, planting is implemented in wide and narrow rows, with a width of 60 cm, a narrow row of 40 cm and a spacing of 30 cm to 40 cm. It is not cold-resistant at seedling stage, so plastic arch shed should be used for wintering.
2. Grafting propagation method
Common Bauhinia "Bauhinia" and Bauhinia can be used as rootstocks, but Bauhinia is not suitable for use in northern China because of its weak cold resistance. The scion of Bauhinia pollen requires pure varieties and vigorous growth. Select the whole branches around the sunny side of the plant without pests and diseases, cut off the leaves after scion collection and graft in time. Grafting can be carried out in April-May and August-September, and bud grafting can be carried out in July. If the weather is dry, it should be watered once 1 0 ~ 2 days before grafting to improve the grafting survival rate.
Check whether the scion is alive or not about 3 weeks after grafting. If not, replant it in time. Grafted plants should erase the sprouting branches and buds on the rootstock in time to avoid competing with the scion for nutrition and affecting its normal growth.
3. Disease control
There are white moth wax cicada, wax bag moth, tea moth, cotton aphid and other hazards. Spraying 90 {BF} trichlorfon or 50 {BF} marathon emulsion 1000 times can kill it.
Bauhinia wilted
Prevention and control:
(1) Strengthen maintenance management, strengthen tree vigor and improve plant disease resistance.
(2) Pay attention to rotation in the nursery to avoid continuous cropping, or apply 70 {BF} pentachloronitrobenzene powder 3 ~ 5 kg per mu before sowing. Cut off the dead diseased branches in time, burn them centrally, and disinfect them with 70 {BF} pentachloronitrobenzene or 3 {BF} ferrous sulfate.
(3) 200 times of 50 {BF} thiram wettable powder or 400 times of 50 {BF} carbendazim wettable powder or 100ppm antifungal agent can be used for root irrigation.
V. Value of Bauhinia Palace Powder
1, landscape application
(1) three-year-old seedlings
(2)φ(DBH)= 8-9 cm high = 4-5 m.
(3) Plant row spacing: 2.5m * 2.5m.
(4) culture
The suitable plant spacing is 2.5m*2.5m, the digging hole is at least 50cm*50cm*40cm, the fertilization is generally around 10 kg, and 75 {BF} livestock manure, 18 {BF} phosphate fertilizer, 7 {BF} potash fertilizer and trace zinc sulfate (to promote tillering and branch and make the crown full) are mixed as base fertilizers. Top dressing should be applied frequently and thinly, once every two months, with urea applied for the first time and compound fertilizer applied later. The planting place should be a sunny place. Extensive management, we should pay attention to the beauty of trees, straighten them in time if they are too long, and trim and shape them when they are young.
2. Other uses
Tannin in bark can be used as tanning materials and dyes, buds, young leaves and young fruits can be used as vegetables, and bark, flowers and roots can be used as medicine. The wood is hard and suitable for joinery, and the rattan can be used for wooden bowls, pen containers and handicrafts.