After wearing leather clothes for a certain period of time, the leather surface and lining will be stained to varying degrees, and the smooth leather surface coating will also be worn to a certain extent, and even the phenomenon of cracking, desquamation and bottoming will appear. During wearing, there may be scratches and so on. If it is not repaired, cleaned and maintained in time, it will not only affect the beauty of wearing, but also shorten the service life of leather clothes. When repairing, point repair method should be adopted for deep scratches, and surface repair method should be adopted for large but not serious disabilities. Repair materials are generally composed of resin, repair agent, pigment and plasticizer.

The basic procedures of cleaning and maintenance of leather garments include cleaning, coloring and finishing.

(1) cleaning

Cleaning is mainly to remove stains from the dermis. Stains mainly include various oils, dust, pigments, sweat secretions and so on. Some of these colorants are soluble in water and some are soluble in organic solvents. There are four general principles of chemical decontamination: ① emulsification; ② reduction; ③ oxidation; ④ Dissolve. The choice of washing method and detergent should be based on the kind of stains. Generally, leather cleaning can be divided into manual cleaning and machine dry cleaning.

Manual cleaning is a washing method for some leather lining that is not too dirty. Commonly used cleaning materials are: ① mixed solution of ammonia, alcohol and water; (2) weak alkaline cleaning solution; ③ Special leather cleaning agent.

Machine dry cleaning refers to the use of organic solvents to wash leather clothes in dry cleaning machines. Its dry cleaning process is similar to the dry cleaning of fabrics. The dry cleaning reagents used for leather clothing include F 1 13, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, petroleum ether, chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents, etc. The washing time depends on the dry cleaning resistance of leather clothes and the type of leather. When dry cleaning, the solvent should be combined with fatliquor and fatliquor to keep the original appearance of leather clothes.

(2) Coloring

After the leather clothes are cleaned, the smooth leather clothes are generally colored, which is called "finishing" professionally. Finishing is a method of coating leather surface with resin, pigment and other special chemicals. Finishing is the key to the maintenance quality of leather clothing. If the leather feels hard and sticky after finishing, it means that the finishing formula is improper. Usually, before coloring, it is necessary to color and test, and then color and fixation. Commonly used fixing materials are formaldehyde, varnish, crosslinking agent, etc.

(3) Finishing

In order to make colored leather clothes smooth and beautiful, ironing is generally needed. Ironing temperature should not be too high, ironing time should not be too long, so as to avoid colored flowers and leather shrinkage.