Goldfish chlorophytum is also called goldfish flower, kangaroo chlorophytum, kangaroo flower, hanging goldfish and so on. A perennial herb of the genus snapdragon in Gesneriaceae, with a semi-woody base. Like high temperature, high humidity and negative environment, if it is left in the sun for a long time, it will be too dry in winter or too low in temperature.

Goldfish chlorophytum is also called goldfish flower, kangaroo chlorophytum, kangaroo flower, hanging goldfish and so on. A perennial herb of the genus snapdragon in Gesneriaceae, with a semi-woody base. Like high temperature, high humidity and negative environment, if it is left in the sun for a long time, it will be too dry in winter or too low in temperature. The optimum temperature for the growth of goldfish chlorophytum is 18 ~ 22℃, and low temperature should be avoided. If the temperature is lower than 10℃ for two consecutive days, the leaves will turn yellow and dry, and will not fall off until there is a slight vibration. In addition to low temperature, if the temperature continues to exceed 30℃, the leaves will also fall off. When the temperature is high in summer, the goldfish chlorophytum grows slowly or almost stops growing. At this time, appropriate shading measures should be taken to make it grow vigorously and not lose its leaves.

morphological character

Goldfish chlorophytum is also called goldfish flower, kangaroo chlorophytum, kangaroo flower, hanging goldfish and so on. A perennial herb of the genus snapdragon in Gesneriaceae, with a semi-woody base. Stems oblique, 20-40 cm long, tender stems green, old stems reddish brown; Simple leaves, opposite, ovate, about 3-4 cm long, acute at the apex, fleshy, dark green leaves, and red near the main vein on the back; Flowers solitary in leaf axils, about 2-3 ㎝, with 5 sepals, corolla lip-shaped, lower part swollen, apex 5-lobed, orange-red, yellow and red lobes; Stamens attached to petals, anthers attached; A pistil. Capsule, similar to Scrophulariaceae.

The leaves are dark green and thick. The flowers are orange, with a small mouth and a big belly. They look like goldfish. From a distance, it looks like a goldfish roaming leisurely among green plants, which is very interesting and full of charm.

Growth habit

Like high temperature, high humidity and negative environment, if it is left in the sun for a long time, it will be too dry in winter or too low in temperature. Goldfish chlorophytum is the easiest to shed leaves in winter, which is related to temperature. The optimum temperature for the growth of goldfish chlorophytum is 18 ~ 22℃, and low temperature should be avoided. If the temperature is lower than 10℃ for two consecutive days, the leaves will turn yellow and dry, and will not fall off until there is a slight vibration. In addition to low temperature, if the temperature continues to exceed 30℃, the leaves will also fall off. When the temperature is high in summer, the goldfish chlorophytum grows slowly or almost stops growing. At this time, appropriate shading measures should be taken to make it grow vigorously and not lose its leaves.

geographical distribution

Costa Rica, Panama.

economic value

Goldfish chlorophytum is very suitable for potted plants planted in greenhouses and indoor gardens by epiphytic method, and can also be used as hanging plants in family rooms for viewing.

cultivation techniques

1, breeding method

Propagation can be carried out by top branch cutting or trunk cutting. It can be done all year round, and it is best to do it indoors after flowering. Cut off the annual branches about 10 ~ 15 cm, keep 3-4 leaves, remove several pairs of leaflets at the base and insert them into the sand. Cover with glass or plastic film, control the temperature at 20℃ and maintain high air humidity, and the roots can grow in about 3 ~ 4 weeks. After two months of survival, I began to pick my heart and promote more branches, so that I could bloom more and then plant them in pots. The seedlings do not bloom in the first year, and after two or three years, they spit out red flowers between the axils of the tips of the vertical branches.

Goldfish chlorophytum can be propagated by sowing, dividing plants and cutting. Because seeds are not easy to obtain, sowing propagation is not used, and cutting propagation is usually used. Cut branches about 10cm(3-4 knots) in spring and autumn, and plant them in seedbeds made of river sand or vermiculite to keep high humidity. It can take root at the temperature of 20-25℃ for about a month; After rooting and survival, strengthen management, promote the growth of new branches, and core and branch. 1-2 months later can be potted.

Potted goldfish chlorophytum requires that the substrate is rich in humus, loose and well drained. Generally, peat soil, perlite and vermiculite are mixed in equal amounts, and the soil leaves are acidic, which is conducive to growth. Liquid fertilizer is applied every 1-2 weeks in the growth period, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are applied in the growth period and flowering period. There is a short dormant period in winter, during which you can water less and keep the basin soil properly dry; In winter (that is, flowering period), you can water more appropriately; There should be enough moisture in the growing period, the soil in the basin should be kept moist frequently, and the air humidity should be improved. It is easy to cause soft rot and death of stems and branches when it is hot and humid. If this happens, cut off the soft rot in time. Goldfish chlorophytum likes bright and indirect light environment, and it must be shaded when the light is too strong in summer (50% shading degree); In order to promote the formation of flower buds, sunshine should be given in autumn, and the basin soil should be kept slightly dry; It is best to put it in a dry and cool environment in winter to promote flower bud differentiation; Before flowering in winter, the light can be appropriately increased, and it must be moved to the brightest window indoors to ensure vigorous growth and flowering.

Goldfish chlorophytum has dense branches and leaves, and the stems and vines naturally droop; At the peak of flowering, a larger plant can produce more than 100 flowers at the same time, and the flowers are large and gorgeous, which is quite spectacular. It is an ideal shade-loving plant with hanging leaves. It is very suitable as an epiphytic potted plant in greenhouses and indoor gardens, and can also be hung for family appreciation.

2. Maintenance management

Goldfish chlorophytum is native to tropical American jungle, and its suitable growth temperature is 18 ~ 26℃. Ordinary families can put them in bright windows or shady balconies indoors. When it is hot and humid, it is easy to cause soft rot and death of stems and branches. The cultivated soil should be loose and well drained, and the soil does not contain calcium, preferably acidic. In winter dormancy period, the temperature should be controlled at 65438 05℃.

Goldfish chlorophytum is cultivated in greenhouse. Generally, porous flowerpots and substrates such as sphagnum, fern roots and bark blocks are used to facilitate root drainage and good ventilation. In order to prevent water leakage in the family room, a round and beautiful basin was used, coarse-grained stones with good drainage were used to lay the bottom of the basin, and a small amount of mixed culture soil of humus and perlite was added. Select a few root-footed goldfish flowers, plant them evenly in the culture soil around the basin, pour them on the edge of the basin, and then fill in the culture soil to complete the colonization. Appropriate amount of slow-release fertilizer can be added to the basin soil. When the new branches grow to a certain length, they will droop along the periphery of the pot, and the ornamental effect is quite good. Whenever the flowering period is full, red flowers are like goldfish jumping in the blue waves, which is especially beautiful. When the new branches grow to a certain length, the core can be removed to make the loose and drooping plant shape more symmetrical and beautiful.

Goldfish chlorophytum plants should be watered more in spring, summer and autumn, and the surrounding ground should be sprayed with clear water frequently, and water should not be spilled on the leaves. When it is hot in summer, it is best to put the flowerpot in a shallow dish filled with water. All these measures can avoid falling leaves caused by dry air. The snapdragon flowers should also be properly watered before they bloom in winter and spring, so that the flowers can bloom fully and have bright colors.

Goldfish chlorophytum should be shaded in other seasons except winter, and 60% ~ 70% of sunlight should be shaded in spring, summer and autumn, or it should be hung in an outdoor shade shed or in a cool and ventilated place under a big shade to receive scattered light without direct sunlight. This environment is very suitable for its growth.

In winter, before the goldfish chlorophytum blooms, the light should be properly enhanced to make its flowers colorful. When hung in a family pot, it can be placed in a Liang Mingyu and ventilated room, which can be placed and watched all year round.

Goldfish chlorophytum should not be fertilized when flowering, and should be trimmed and shaped after flowering, and more nitrogen-containing substances should be applied. Applying organic dilute fertilizer solution once every 1 ~ 2 weeks during the growth period can make it grow vigorously; Phosphate fertilizer should be applied before flowering, which can make it more pregnant and flowering and enhance its ornamental effect.

Goldfish chlorophytum is propagated by cutting. In spring and autumn, branches with a length of about 65,438+00 cm and 3-4 knots are cut in a seedbed with coarse sand as the substrate, and the temperature is about 20℃, so it is easy to take root and survive.

Variety classification

Jin Fenghua, also known as Button Jin Fenghua, is produced in Costa Rica. The stems are slender and the branches are creeping. Leaves opposite, leaflets. Flowers solitary leaf axils, orange. Bloom in spring and summer.

Jin Fenghua, also known as Stark Jin Fenghua, is a hybrid bred in Norway. Trailing and hanging. Flowers are large and numerous, scarlet, and bloom in winter and spring.

Golden snapper is also called whale flower. The stems are erect and the branches are hairy. The corolla is bright red.