It is good to plant trees in late autumn and early winter.
As the saying goes, planting trees in spring is a disease, and planting trees in autumn and winter is a dream. In late autumn and early winter, the temperature is low, the soil temperature is moderate, the air humidity is high, and the water evaporation is small. The survival rate of planting trees in this period is high and the recovery period of trees is long. Young trees take root early and germinate vigorously in the next spring, which is a good opportunity for planting trees and greening.
Planting trees in late autumn and early winter is very timely, and afforestation should be based on local climate and site conditions. In latitude, the general rule is that the north is early and the south is late. Generally speaking, it is more suitable before and after beginning of winter, because the early-maturing seedlings are low in quality and vulnerable to freezing injury, which affects their survival. If it is built too late, the temperature and soil temperature will drop sharply, which is not conducive to the survival of seedlings.
Afforestation in late autumn and early winter should strictly control technology, carefully prepare soil, select strong seedlings, scientifically plant and carefully manage; The seedlings should be transported together, transported together and planted together, and there is no need to come in for the night; After the seedlings are planted, they should be watered with "root-fixing water" and "wintering water" when they are frozen. Strengthen the management and protection in winter and spring to ensure the survival of forests.
Winter is the most difficult season for the management of stump bonsai. It is especially important for new piles with short cultivation time. Therefore, potted plants should take corresponding measures in winter to ensure their safe overwintering.
Lighting: Outdoor bonsai for wintering should be placed in a place with strong lighting, good ventilation and no cold wind, not in a low-lying and unventilated place.
Watering: When woody plants enter dormancy, the pot soil should not be too wet, and watering should be carried out according to the variety, size and water demand habits of plants, usually once every 5-7 days, but the water temperature should be close to room temperature, and it is appropriate to do it at noon on sunny days.
Fertilization: Generally, plants with piles in winter are not fertilized or less fertilized, but for plants with early flowering, such as Chimonanthus praecox, camellia, Yingchun and other flowers and trees, it is advisable to apply decomposed organic liquid fertilizer every 20 days or so. Because the basin soil is shallow, it is necessary to apply a "cold-resistant fertilizer" before the cold wave comes to enhance their cold resistance.
Cold-proof: When the temperature is below 6℃, bonsai should be placed in a place with its back facing south, or covered with plastic film, or a simple plastic film "greenhouse" should be built in the sunny place, and potted plants should be placed in it to achieve the purpose of cold-proof, warm and safe wintering.
Plastic surgery: dead branches, diseased branches and unnecessary cross branches should be pruned after winter, and other evergreen trees such as black pine, five-needle pine and arhat pine should also be pruned with dense branches to maintain their beautiful shape. In summer, most plants grow vigorously and have large evaporation, so water them more. In summer, indoor flowers are watered once every two or three days, and outdoor flowers are watered once a day. Different varieties of flowers should be treated differently. Generally, grass flowers need more water than woody flowers, so they should be watered more. The water demand of southern flowers is greater than that of flowers native to arid areas; Flowers with large leaves, soft texture and smooth hairless need a lot of water; Leaves are small, and tough flowers need less water. In autumn and winter, for those flowers that are dormant and semi-dormant, it is best to control watering and keep the pot soil dry. Check whether the basin soil is dry or wet. You can test it by hand or observe it with your eyes. When the surface of basin soil is slightly wet below the dry surface, it should be watered; If the topsoil is still wet, don't water it for a while. The water consumption for watering flowers is different with different temperatures throughout the year. Spring is cold and warm, and the weather is changeable. At this time, potted flowers began to sprout and take root, which required a lot of water. It is necessary to keep the potted soil moist. Summer is dry, evaporation is fast, and watering should be doubled; In autumn, it is necessary to water less properly, so as to avoid the wild growth of flower branches, which will affect the next year's flowering; Most flowers and trees are dormant in winter, as long as the pot soil is kept slightly wet. As for the time of watering every day, it is different every year. Spring, autumn and winter, around 10 in the morning and after 4: 00 in the afternoon are the suitable time for watering flowers. Don't water the flowers at noon in summer. The general principle is "spring water at noon, summer water in the morning and evening, autumn water the next day, and frequent watching in winter". The amount of watering is also related to the weather, the type of substrate, the size of flowerpot and other factors, so it is necessary to master and use it flexibly. In winter, the temperature is very cold, the sunshine is shorter, and the plants at home are getting shorter and shorter. How to raise bonsai plants in winter? In order to raise plants well in winter, it is very important to place bonsai (involving lighting), water, fertilize and shape it. When the temperature is low in winter, it is not suitable for the growth of most flowers. Generally, southern flowers need to be moved indoors for wintering, and the appropriate temperature should be adjusted according to the requirements of different flowers. Everyone's time to open the window and ventilate at home will be reduced accordingly, so please be careful not to raise too many flowers indoors, otherwise it will increase the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air, which is not conducive to human health. If you are a flower lover, come with me to learn what bonsai plants are and how to raise them in winter!
How to raise bonsai plants in winter
The low temperature in winter is not suitable for the growth of most flowers. In order to make potted flowers overwinter safely, it is necessary to move them indoors in early winter, and the characteristics of various flowers should be considered in the maintenance measures and placement after entering the room.
In winter, the climate is cold and the temperature is low. Generally, southern flowers need to be moved indoors for wintering, and the appropriate temperature should be adjusted according to the requirements of different flowers. Flowers that like high temperature, such as Milan, Poinsettia, Impatiens africana, Begonia, cactus, etc., should be placed in indoor window sills with sufficient sunshine and high temperature (20℃~ 25℃), and the minimum temperature should not be lower than 10℃. For flowers that like moderate temperature, the suitable temperature in winter is 18℃ to 22℃, and the minimum temperature shall not be lower than 6℃. For flowers that like low temperature, the winter temperature should be kept between 12℃ and 15℃, and the lowest temperature should not be lower than 2℃. Aquatic flowers, such as lotus, water lily, water hyacinth, water lily, etc. , should be released in time before the frost, and move the flowerpot to the cellar or corridor, and keep the temperature at 5℃. When the soil is dry, water should be sprayed properly.
1. Lighting and watering
Domesticated flowers such as Phyllostachys pubescens and asparagus should be moved to sunny places in the morning and evening as soon as possible, which will not only make the flowers grow vigorously, but also improve their cold resistance after winter. In watering, remember not to water too much. If you just bought flowers from a pot, you usually have to wait until the pot soil is very dry before watering them, and you have to water them all at once. In addition, it is best to water the flowers "sleepy" first, otherwise it will easily hurt the flower roots and make them rot.
2. Fertilize and change pots
Don't apply fertilizer too often, just apply it once a month. It is best to choose to buy special flower fertilizer and go home to fertilize the flowers; Autumn and winter is a good time to change pots and soil. Pot flowers with too dense roots and too small flowerpots should be replaced with large pots in time to facilitate the growth of flowers.
Pruning and remodeling
Pruning and removing diseased branches and dead branches in late autumn is good for viewing, and it is also good for potted flowers to overwinter and bloom more in the coming year. But the specific time of pruning depends on the degree of cold and the lowest temperature in the home, which is divided into morning and evening. If the temperature at home is low, the wound is easy to be frostbitten after pruning, and pruning in early spring is appropriate; If you have heating at home, you can prune it from the time when the leaves fall in winter to the time when the leaves sprout in the next spring, because the wound will not heal quickly, but it will not suffer from freezing injury.
Step 4 control pests and diseases
Flowers are vulnerable to pests such as red spider, which leads to the decay of flower branches. Please pay attention to spraying drugs in time for prevention and treatment.
Note: Indoor potted plants that like to be dry should be placed in a well-ventilated place. When it is sunny at noon in winter, it is necessary to open the window properly to let the air circulate. It seldom opens or doesn't open on snowy days. At the same time of indoor sanitation, we should always spray water on the leaves to remove the dust on them, so as to facilitate the breathing of plants. Residual flowers and dead branches should also be cut off in time.
What are the bonsai plants
The plants commonly used in bonsai mainly have the characteristics of slow growth, small leaves, dense branches and easy survival under harsh conditions. Traditional plants such as elm, grapefruit, boxwood, pine needles, yew, vase orchid, pomegranate, plum blossom, boxwood and maple can all be used as bonsai plants.
The cold-resistant woody species of indoor bonsai are mainly bonsai with deciduous plants as the theme. /
Deciduous plants generally belong to temperate climate type. Of course, there are also pine and cypress bonsai, which are thick green, vigorous and simple, cold-resistant and dormant in winter and easy to manage. However, the appreciation of deciduous bonsai in winter is characterized by tree shape rather than vibrant green, which is not satisfactory during the Spring Festival. Generally speaking, ginkgo, pentagram, Acer truncatum, pyracantha fortunei, Pinus pentaphylla, Pinus thunbergii, Pinus yunnanensis, Dendrobium nobile, Sabina vulgaris, Sabina vulgaris, Pinus Ai Luo, Metasequoia, Taxus chinensis, Plum Blossom, Chimonanthus praecox, Yingchun, Bauhinia, Begonia pendula and Begonia Xifu. Silkworm, Daphne Daphne, Osmanthus fragrans, Equisetum Equisetum, Rhododendron, Marble, Cycas, Banyan, Berberis, Buxus buxus, Fraxinus Fraxinus, Fujian Tea, Hongfeng, Mahonia, Cotinus coggygria, Lonicera japonica, Catharanthus rosea, Grape, Spatholobus Spatholobus, Schisandra chinensis, Trachelospermum, Euonymus fortunei and Phyllostachys pubescens.
Lazy people like pine and cypress, begonia, camellia, cycad, banyan, tiller, boxwood, manchurian ash, Fujian tea, snow, trachelospermum, bamboo, Ophiopogon japonicus and so on. You can also choose a potted combination based on cactus, which saves time, effort and water.
Editor's summary: The above is the introduction of how to raise light, water, fertilize and shape bonsai plants in winter. There are many kinds of bonsai plants, and the places that should be paid attention to in the maintenance of different varieties of bonsai are actually different. The specific analysis depends on the varieties cultivated by Huayou, and different varieties need different maintenance methods.