If peach saplings are grafted, they can be directly removed from the ground 15 cm, and the grafting can be cut off. Big trees need to be grafted with many branches to change varieties.
Peach tree grafting, the general fruit farmers are used to grafting in spring and summer. After years of practice, the author can actually graft in autumn and winter, which can increase income. The method is as follows:
1. Spring grafting: from mid-February to the end of April, when the water content of rootstock has increased, it can be cut at 8- 10 cm from the ground, and the variety scion can be cut and grafted. The survival rate of this method can reach more than 95%.
2. Grafting in summer: from mid-May to early August, when the sap flows vigorously, the peach trees sprout and spread their leaves, and the new buds are not yet full, it is a good time for bud grafting. Dormant buds can be cut from the lower end of growing branches or sprouting branches as scions, and bud grafting can be carried out at a smooth place in the sunrise about 10 cm above the ground. After two weeks, the joints were obviously swollen and some colloid was secreted. The budding eyes are green, which indicates that they have been grafted. After 2-3 days, the anvil stem was cut outward at 0.5 cm above the joint, and the incision was horseshoe-shaped to facilitate the rapid healing of the wound. When the new shoots grow to 6-8 cm, insert support columns at the edge of the rootstock, tie the new shoots and guide the new shoots to grow upwards. If it is found that there is no grafting survival, secondary grafting can be carried out in time.
3. Grafting in autumn: From the end of July to the end of September, when the leaves of new buds have formed, scions with petioles can be cut for bud grafting. Seven or eight days after grafting, if the residual petiole falls off, it proves that the grafting is alive. After grafting, the rootstock can be cut off at the top of the joint 0.5- 1 cm before germination in the spring of the following year (from the end of February to the middle of March). It can also be planted directly by semi-seedling method.
4. Grafting in winter: from the beginning of 1 1 to the end of the following year 1, the rootstock juice has stopped flowing, and the rootstock grafting method can be adopted at this time. That is, cut off the rhizome at the upper end of the rhizome and scrape off the soil around the rhizome for grafting. After grafting, the moist fine soil is gently covered around, and the scion is slightly exposed, and then covered with plastic film, which plays the role of moisturizing, heat preservation and drought prevention, and is convenient for overwintering. In the next spring, the surviving scions will germinate quickly, so the film can be uncovered from the middle and late March to the beginning of April. However, it is necessary to observe on time, and the scion that germinates early should uncover the plastic film early, and the scion that germinates late should uncover the plastic film later. In short, it depends on the bud.