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What are the basic knowledge and essentials of a fitter?

1. Marking

Marking is an important process in mechanical processing and is widely used in single piece or small batch production. In foundry companies, by conducting scribing inspection on the first piece of new molds, problems in the size and shape of the castings can be discovered in time, and measures can be taken to avoid losses caused by batch failures. According to the drawing and technical requirements, the operation process of using a scribing tool to draw the processing boundary line on the blank or semi-finished product, or drawing out points and lines as a reference is called scribing.

2. Sawing

Sawing is a cutting process that uses a hand saw to segment workpieces or materials. The scope of sawing work includes: cutting various materials or semi-finished products, sawing off excess parts on the workpiece, sawing grooves on the workpiece, etc.

Sawing equipment generally uses carbide circular saw blades as sawing tools, which greatly improves the wear resistance of the saw blades; the equipment uses pneumatic transmission to clamp and advance the profiles; it uses electric motors and The saw blade is coaxial or high-speed cutting with speed increase, making the cutting surface smooth and the cutting quality high.

3. Filing

Use a file to remove excess metal from the surface of the workpiece so that the workpiece reaches the size, shape and surface roughness required on the drawing. This operation is called filing cut. Filing can process flat surfaces, curved surfaces, internal and external arc surfaces, and other complex surfaces. It can also be used for trimming workpieces during molding templates, molds, cavities, components, and machine assembly.

4. Chiseling

Chiseling is the basic operating skill of a fitter. In chip cutting, the quality of processing depends on whether the operating factors are reasonable and correct. First of all, the reasonable and sharp cutting edge wedge angle is an important prerequisite for ensuring processing quality.

The main scope of work is to remove flanges, burrs, segmented materials, chiseled surfaces and oil grooves on the blank. It is often used in situations that are inconvenient for machining. Chisels commonly used by fitters include: flat chisels, pointed chisels, and oil tank chisels. Through the practice of carving work, the accuracy of hammering can be improved and a solid foundation can be laid for the assembly and disassembly of mechanical equipment.

5. Scraping

Scraping refers to the clamping operation of using a scraper to scrape off trace amounts of metal on the surface of the processed workpiece to improve the surface shape accuracy and improve the contact between mating surfaces. Scraping is an important method for final finishing of various profiles in machine manufacturing and repair.

The function of scraping is to improve the matching accuracy between interacting parts and improve the oil storage conditions. During the scraping movement, the grinding and extrusion between the workpieces will increase the hardness of the workpiece surface to a certain extent. After scraping, it will remain on the workpiece. The small pits on the surface can store oil, so that the workpiece can be sufficiently lubricated during reciprocating motion to avoid overheating and causing linting.

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