"Scar" is a local symptom that physical, biological, chemical and other factors damage human skin and soft tissue, resulting in serious damage to skin and soft tissue, which cannot be completely repaired by itself and is replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting appearance and function.
Facial scar factor
1, skin tension: including external tension caused by the degree of skin tissue defect and inherent tension of skin tissue itself. Hypertrophic scars tend to occur in areas with high tension and many activities, such as chin, sternum, deltoid muscle, upper back, elbow, hip, knee, ankle and instep.
2. Age: Young people are prone to hypertrophic scars, especially 10-20 years old, mainly due to the vigorous growth of adolescent tissues, strong post-traumatic reactivity and high skin tension.
3. Skin pigment: Colored people have more pigment cells and are easily stimulated. The incidence of keloid in blacks is nine times that of whites. It is easy to occur in the period of pituitary physiological activity, such as adolescence and pregnancy.
4, infection: repeated infections, long-term exposure of wounds, excessive proliferation of granulation tissue, prone to hypertrophic scars or keloids.
5. Foreign bodies fall into the wound surface: dust, talcum powder, fibers and residues of hair follicles, sebaceous glands and sweat glands can all cause tissue reactions, leading to scar hyperplasia.
6. Other factors: the angle between the incision and the skin is perpendicular to the incision of the skin, and the scar is the thinnest after healing; The greater the inclination angle, the wider the dermal scar and the more obvious the skin deformity. And the depth of the wound, the healing time of the wound.
Matters needing attention in scar repair
1, pay attention to skin cleanliness and hygiene.
When the burn wound has just healed, there are still a small amount of secretions and scabs, so bacteria are easy to multiply quickly. In addition, the epidermis is thin and tender, the structure and function are not perfect, and it is easy to be infected and ulcerated. In the meantime, we can use neutral detergent for cleaning, and then use anti-scar drugs and other treatments after cleaning.
2. Avoid excessive friction and excessive activity.
Due to the imperfect structure and function of scar epidermis, the epidermis is more vulnerable to injury, and some improper treatment may aggravate the injury. When applying anti-scar drugs, it is not advisable to massage excessively or for a long time, which will separate the epidermis from the fiberboard layer to form blisters or blood blisters, and excessive joint activity will also lead to the loosening and separation of the epidermis and blisters.
3. Under the guidance of doctors, take comprehensive measures to control scar hyperplasia and prevent contracture.
So far, there is no specific method to completely prevent scar hyperplasia after burn, and comprehensive treatment is still the main method of scar prevention and treatment.
4, early prevention, perseverance.
The formation process of burn scar can be roughly divided into proliferative phase, stable phase and regression phase. The proliferation period lasts from 3 months to 2 years, and most of them are about half a year. However, due to various reasons such as ulcer, pain, impatience or improper methods, some patients often fail to adhere to scar rehabilitation treatment, resulting in scar hyperplasia and contracture.
5. Correctly grasp the opportunity of plastic surgery to prevent disability.
Scar contracture of functional parts, such as hand scar, eye scar and jaw and neck scar, should be operated as soon as possible after the scar is stable, especially children, should be treated as soon as possible, and plastic surgery can be carried out in advance. Otherwise, it will cause abnormal development of joints and bones, shorten blood vessels and nerves, and lead to disability.
The above contents refer to Baidu Encyclopedia -Scar.