Legal procedures must be followed, and the legal procedures have time to be established

Standards for identification of minor human injuries (Trial)

Promulgation date: 1990-6-20 Implementation time: 1990-7-1

Chapter 1 General Provisions

Article 1 This standard is based on the relevant provisions of the "Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China" and is based on medical and forensic science. It is based on theory and technology and combined with the practical experience of forensic examination to provide a basis for the identification of minor injuries.

Article 2 Minor injuries refer to physical, chemical, biological and other external factors acting on the human body, resulting in a certain degree of damage to tissues and organ structures or partial dysfunction, which does not constitute a serious injury and is not minor. Injury damage.

Article 3. The evaluation of the degree of injury should be based on the primary damage and consequences directly caused by external factors to the human body, including the condition of the injury at the time of the injury, complications and sequelae caused after the injury, etc., comprehensively analysis, comprehensive evaluation.

Article 4 The appraiser shall be a forensic physician or a person with forensic qualifications; it may also be an attending physician or above hired or entrusted by the judicial authority.

The appraiser has the right to understand the case, access case files, medical records and inspect the scene, and relevant units have the responsibility to cooperate.

The appraiser must adhere to the principle of seeking truth from facts, apply scientific testing methods, keep the confidentiality of the case, and abide by relevant legal regulations.

Chapter 2 Head and Neck Injuries

Fifth subgaleal hematoma

Scalp avulsion injury area reaches 20 square centimeters (up to 10 square centimeters in children) square centimeters); scalp traumatic defect area reaches 10 square centimeters (up to 5 square centimeters in children).

Article 6: The cumulative length of sharp wounds on the scalp reaches 8 cm, in children it reaches 6 cm; the cumulative length of blunt wounds reaches 6 cm, in children it reaches 4 cm.

Article 7: Simple skull fracture.

Article 8: Head injury confirms temporary disturbance of consciousness and amnesia of recent events.

Article 9 Eye Injury

(1) Eyelid damage affecting appearance or function;

(2) Simple orbital fracture;

(3) Partial damage and dysfunction of the tear apparatus;

(4) Partial structural damage to the eyeball, affecting the face or function;

(5) Loss of vision due to damage, The corrected visual acuity of both eyes drops below 0.7 (a drop of more than 0.2 compared to the visual acuity before the injury), and the corrected visual acuity of one eye drops below 0.5 (a drop of more than 0.3 compared to the visual acuity before the injury); for those with low vision in one eye, the visual acuity drops by 1 level after the injury.

Mild visual field defect;

(6) Traumatic strabismus.

Article 10 Nasal Injury

(1) Comminuted fracture of the nasal bone, or linear fracture of the nasal bone with obvious displacement;

(2) Nasal injury Significantly affects the shape or function of the nose.

Article 11 Ear Injury

(1) Auricle damage causing obvious deformation; one side of the auricle is defective up to 10% of one ear, or both sides of the auricle are defective up to one ear in total 15%;

(2) Traumatic tympanic membrane perforation;

(3) External auditory canal injury causing external auditory canal stenosis; (4) Ear injury causing hearing loss of 41 decibels in one ear and 41 decibels in both ears. Hearing loss in ears reaches 30 decibels.

Article 12 Oral Injuries

(1) Injuries to the lips affecting facial appearance, pronunciation or eating;

(2) More than two teeth are lost or broken;

(3) Oral tissue and organ damage, affecting language, chewing or swallowing functions;

(4) Salivary gland damage accompanied by dysfunction.

Article 13: Zygomatic fracture or maxillary or mandibular fracture; temporomandibular joint injury causing the mouth opening (the distance between the incisal edges of the upper and lower incisors) to be less than 3 cm.

Article 14: The length of a single wound on the facial soft tissue reaches 3.5 cm (up to 3 cm in children), or the cumulative length of the wounds reaches 5 cm (up to 4 cm in children), or the maxillofacial penetrating wound.

Article 15: There are obvious scars left after facial injury, with a single length of 3 cm or a cumulative length of 4 cm; a single area of ??2 square centimeters or a cumulative area of ??3 square centimeters; pigment changes that affect the face 6 square centimeters.

Article 16 Facial nerve injury resulting in partial facial muscle paralysis affecting the face and function.

Article 17: The length of a single wound in the soft tissue of the neck reaches 5 cm or the cumulative length of the wounds reaches 8 cm.

Those who do not meet the requirements of the previous paragraph but have motor dysfunction.

Article 18: Signs of suffocation due to neck injury.

Article 19: Neck injury affecting the thyroid gland, throat, trachea or esophagus.

Chapter 3 Limb Injuries

Article 20: Soft tissue contusions of limbs account for more than 6% of the total body surface area.

Article 21: The length of a single wound on the skin and subcutaneous tissue of a limb reaches 10 cm (up to

8 cm for children) or the cumulative total length of the wounds reaches 15 cm (up to 12 cm for children) ; Injury to sensory nerves, blood vessels, and tendons affecting function.

Article 22 Traumatic skin defects require skin grafting.

Article 23 Hand Injury

(1) Comminuted fracture of 1 phalanx (excluding the 2nd to 5th digit) or linear fracture of 2 phalanxes;

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(2) Half a knuckle is missing;

(3) Mild contracture, deformity, limited joint movement or lateral instability occurs after injury;

(4) Scaphoid fracture, lunate dislocation or complete metacarpal fracture.

Twenty-fourth foot injury

(1) Fracture of 2 toes;

(2) Missing of 1 toe;

< p> (3) Fracture of 2 vertebrae of the contusion bone; fracture of the tarsus, talus, and calcaneus; fracture of the ankle joint or dislocation of the contusion tarsal joint. Exceptions are avulsion fractures.

Article 25: Fracture of long bones of limbs; fracture of patella.

Article 26: Dislocation of large limb joints, partial tear of joint ligaments, meniscus injury or scar contracture after limb soft tissue injury causes joint dysfunction.

Chapter 4 Injuries to the Trunk and Perineum

Article 27 Contusion of soft tissue of the trunk shall be compared with Article 20.

Article 28 For wounds on the trunk, please refer to Article 21.

Article 29 Penetrating trauma to the trunk does not damage internal organs or important blood vessels or nerves.

Article 30: Chest injury causing pneumothorax, hemothorax or large area of ??simple subcutaneous emphysema without difficulty in breathing.

Article 31: The chest is squeezed and signs of suffocation appear.

Article 32 Fracture of scapula, clavicle or sternum; dislocation of sternoclavicular joint or acromioclavicular joint.

Article 33 Rib fractures (except for one simple linear rib fracture).

Article 34: Female breast injury causes significant deformation or partial loss of one breast; damage to the breast duct of one breast.

Article 35: Closed abdominal injury confirms contusion of the stomach, intestines, liver, spleen or pancreas.

Article 36 Traumatic hematuria (microscopic examination of red blood cells》10/high power field) lasting more than two weeks.

Article 37: Perineal soft tissue contusion reaches 10 square centimeters (reduced for children) or hematoma cannot be completely absorbed within two weeks.

Article 38 Difficulty urinating due to contusion of the penis; partial loss or deformity of the penis; scrotal avulsion injury, scrotal hematoma, hemocele; dislocation, torsion or atrophy of one testicle.

Article 39: The length of the wound on the perineum and scrotum is up to 2 cm; the length of the wound on the penis is up to 1 cm.

Article 40 Traumatic anal fissure, anal fistula or anal stenosis.

Article 41 Vaginal laceration, uterus or appendage injury.

Article 42: Pregnant women may inevitably miscarry due to injury.

Article 43 Traumatic spinal fracture or dislocation; Traumatic disc herniation; Traumatic injury affecting spinal cord function, which can be recovered in a short period of time.

Article 44 Pelvic fracture.

Chapter 5 Other Injuries

Article 45 Burns and Scalds

(1) Burns and Scalds Occupy Body Surface Area

Slightly More than 5% of the second degree (more than 3% of children);

More than 2% of the second degree (more than 1% of children);

More than 0.1% of the third degree.

(2) Second-degree or above burns and scalds on the head, hands, and perineum, affecting the appearance, appearance, or function of movement.

(3) Respiratory tract burns and scalding.

Article 46 For frostbite, refer to the relevant provisions of this standard.

Article 47: Electrical burns are accompanied by disturbance of consciousness or general convulsions.

Article 48 Injury causes foreign bodies to remain in deep soft tissues.

Article 49: Pre-shock symptoms and signs appear due to bleeding due to various injuries.

Article 50: Multiple soft tissue contusions shall be treated as Article 20.

Article 51: Multi-site soft tissue trauma cf. Article 21.

Article 52 Other physical, chemical, and biological injuries that cause mild damage to human tissues and organ structures or partial dysfunction should be compared to the relevant provisions of this standard.

Chapter 6 Supplementary Provisions

Article 53 If multiple injuries do not meet this standard, they cannot be simply added together as minor injuries. If there are three (categories) of damage that are close to this standard, a comprehensive assessment will be made depending on the specific circumstances.

Article 54 Any data specified in this standard that is preceded by “above” or “below” includes the original number.

Article 55 This standard applies to forensic identification of harm to the health of others as stipulated in the "Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China and the People's Republic of China".

Article 56 This standard will be implemented on a trial basis from July 1, 1990