Hydrosalpingitis is a common chronic salpingitis. After salpingitis, or because of adhesion and atresia, mucous membrane cell secretions accumulate in the lumen, or because of salpingitis isthmus and umbrella tip adhesion, salpingitis is formed after obstruction. When the pus cells in the lumen are absorbed, they eventually become water-like liquid, and some of the liquid is absorbed, leaving empty shells, and the shadow of water accumulation appears when filming.
In the acute stage of salpingitis, patients often have a history of abdominal pain, and generally, after hydrosalpinx or hydrosalpinx is absorbed by the body, the inflammation has often healed, so hydrosalpinx generally does not have abdominal pain symptoms. However, due to hydrosalpinx, the lumen of the dilated part and the unexpanded part of the fallopian tube can still be communicated, so it often causes intermittent leucorrhea in patients. Generally speaking, infertility is often the most obvious symptom of hydrosalpinx. In addition, some patients with hydrosalpinx will have symptoms such as lower abdominal pain, increased leucorrhea and watery leucorrhea.
Symptoms/Complications Because the symptoms of hydrosalpinx are usually not obvious, they are often not easily noticed by people. If the postpartum mother suffers from hydrosalpinx, the general symptoms are increased leucorrhea, lumbosacral pain, abdominal pain and so on. In severe cases, symptoms of fever may appear. When the above symptoms appear, we should pay attention to them. Symptoms caused by hydrosalpinx are as follows:
1. Increased leucorrhea: Many patients with hydrosalpinx show increased leucorrhea with watery leucorrhea. This is because when hydrosalpinx occurs, the dilated and unexpanded fallopian tubes can still communicate, so patients often have intermittent leucorrhea. Patients should be taken seriously.
2, lumbosacral pain: due to the stimulation of inflammation, patients will have lumbosacral pain. But the degree is different, some are heavy and some are light. The more serious the illness, the more obvious the feeling of pain will be.
3, abdominal pain: frequent abdominal pain, severe pain in the lower abdomen, pain on one or both sides of the lower abdomen. Severe tubal obstruction is more obvious in patients. But some patients' symptoms are not obvious. This is because patients often have a history of abdominal pain in the acute stage of salpingitis. Generally, salpingitis becomes serous, that is, after hydrosalpinx or hydrosalpinx is absorbed by the body, the inflammation often heals, so patients with hydrosalpinx usually have no symptoms of abdominal pain.
4. Severe cases have fever: patients with tubal obstruction often have chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, such as pain on one or both sides of the lower abdomen, falling, excessive secretion and low back pain. Some patients have no obvious clinical symptoms, and they are often infertile for many years after marriage, only to be found when they go to the hospital for examination.
Etiology In modern life, hydrosalpinx is the cause of infertility in many women. The main causes of hydrosalpinx are abortion, unclean sexual intercourse and pelvic infection. Women after childbirth, abortion and menstruation are more likely to suffer from hydrosalpinx than other people.
1, abortion
Abortion includes induced abortion, spontaneous abortion, drug abortion and induced labor. After abortion, due to the decrease of resistance, pathogens spread to fallopian tubes and ovaries through reproductive tract infection, and then spread to the whole pelvic cavity, causing salpingitis. Adhesion, hyperemia and edema on the tubal wall form obstruction. That is, incomplete or untimely treatment of acute salpingitis leads to tubal mucosal adhesion, and can also cause inflammation due to incomplete abortion and placenta residue. Individual patients who use intrauterine devices are secondary to chronic salpingitis. Long-term inflammatory stimulation causes tubal thickening, hardening, lumen adhesion and stenosis, and tubal adhesion and atresia in different positions, thus causing hydrosalpinx.
2, unclean sexual intercourse
If you have too much sexual life or have sexual intercourse during menstruation, you may get infected and suffer from salpingitis, leading to hydrosalpinx.
3. Pelvic inflammation
Improper abortion and delivery, postpartum, or after abortion and menstrual cramps, will lead to adnexa (pelvic cavity) infection, adhesion and atresia, mucous membrane cell secretion will accumulate in the lumen, or tubal inflammation will cause isthmus and umbrella end adhesion, and leakage and exudate in the tubal lumen will gradually accumulate, resulting in tubal effusion.
4. Chronic salpingitis
When chronic salpingitis occurs, the umbrella-shaped end of the fallopian tube can be glued and locked due to inflammation, and the leakage and exudate in the lumen of the fallopian tube gradually accumulate into stagnant water. If there is chronic hydrosalpinx, the fallopian tube will swell, but if the umbrella-shaped end of the fallopian tube is partially or completely occluded, it will adhere to the surrounding tissues, resulting in scar adhesion, twisted fallopian tube, stenosis or occlusion of the lumen, which will lead to hydrosalpinx and pus accumulation, but if it is pelvic congestion or pelvic effusion and pus accumulation. Then the disease will also affect the operation of fertilization or fertilized eggs, so it will cause infertility.
5, tubal pyogenic transformation
Purulent cells and necrotic tissues in the original cavity are decomposed and cleared by phagocytes, and pus gradually becomes clear water. Some hydrosalpinx is not caused by tubal inflammation, but secondary to tubal sterilization.
Inspection 1, ultrasonic inspection
When hydrosalpinx reaches a certain level, it can be displayed under ultrasound. When women have tubal inflammation, it is easy to block the umbrella-shaped end of the fallopian tube, and the exudate of inflammation will accumulate in the official cavity of the fallopian tube, so that hydrosalpinx can be displayed under ultrasound. Abnormal echo appears on one or both sides of the uterus, the fallopian tubes are thickened, some of them are sausage-shaped, and the lumen is hypoechoic or punctate. However, most hydrosalpinx is undetectable. Why do you say that? Because most hydrosalpinx is found by X-ray salpingography when examining the causes of infertility, most hydrosalpinx belongs to the empty shell left after hydrosalpinx is absorbed by the body, that is, blind bag-like dilatation, which is an X-ray sign that contrast agent accumulates at the umbrella-shaped end of fallopian tube when X-ray salpingography detects potential blind bag-like dilatation. Its final diagnosis needs hysterosalpingography.
2. Laparoscopy
Tubal laparoscopy can directly diagnose hydrosalpinx, and adhesion around umbrella tip can be seen under laparoscopy, and the function of fallopian tube has been judged. Laparoscopic technology is very accurate and is the most advanced diagnostic technology in gynecological examination at present. The fallopian tube develops all the way, and the umbrella tip is enlarged. After 20 minutes, the afterimage of bilateral fallopian tubes was delayed, and there was no diffusion of contrast agent in pelvic cavity. The function of fallopian tube can be judged by the adhesion between umbrella tip and periphery under laparoscopy, but laparoscopy is generally not the first choice because it is invasive and expensive.
3, salpingography
At present, salpingography is the simplest and most reliable method to diagnose hydrosalpinx. The fallopian tube has been developing and the umbrella tip is enlarged. After 20 minutes, the residual images of bilateral fallopian tubes were delayed, and there was no diffusion of contrast agent in pelvic cavity. Tubography is the simplest and most reliable method to diagnose hydrosalpinx at present.
Western medicine treatment Western medicine treatment of hydrosalpinx, for patients with mild hydrosalpinx, especially patients with unilateral hydrosalpinx, do more tubal drainage surgery. This kind of patients, especially due to mild hydrops, are not easy to be found by B-ultrasound, and most of them are diagnosed by salpingography. If there is umbrella-shaped end adhesion and atresia, laparoscopic salpingectomy and salpingostomy are performed.
For patients with severe hydrosalpinx, a preliminary diagnosis can be made by B-ultrasound, and such patients can see irregular cystic dark areas or sausage-like liquid dark areas on B-ultrasound; When doing hysterosalpingography, we can see that the fallopian tube is twisted, the thickness of the official cavity is different, and the distal end is tortuous and dilated. At this time, western medicine suggests that the proximal fallopian tube should be ligated or blocked, and the distal umbrella tip should be removed, ostomy or plastic surgery.
No matter what kind of operation is used to treat hydrosalpinx, it will inevitably damage the blood vessels in the mesangium of fallopian tube and cause scar tissue of fallopian tube. On the other hand, during the operation, when the umbrella tip falls off and adheres, it will damage the egg collection function of the umbrella tip or affect the normal function of the ovary. What's more, incomplete anti-inflammation after operation will directly lead to the re-adhesion of hydrosalpinx.
In view of the disadvantages of western medicine, Chinese medicine advocates oral Yanfu pill to treat hydrosalpinx. The treatment of hydrosalpinx by traditional Chinese medicine starts with the treatment of salpingitis, the source of hydrosalpinx, which avoids the disadvantages of surgical treatment of hydrosalpinx and recurrence. In addition, compared with western medicine, one of the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine in treating hydrosalpinx is that it also takes into account the repair of damaged endometrial tissue of fallopian tube and the recovery of elasticity, activity and normal peristalsis function of fallopian tube.
Chinese medicine treatment 1, the most direct harm of hydrosalpinx to women is to increase the probability of infertility. Moreover, hydrosalpinx is not static, it will increase or decrease and flow with the degree of the patient's condition. If it flows into uterine cavity, it will not only lead to hydrosalpinx in patients, but also affect endometrial receptivity.
2. Studies have proved that if a woman has hydrosalpinx, even if the IVF operation is successful, the postoperative abortion rate can be as high as 70%~80%. This is because hydrosalpinx returns to the uterine cavity, which causes the deterioration of the uterine cavity environment and hinders embryo implantation. Inflammatory substances in hydrosalpinx can also poison embryos.
3. Due to the long-term stimulation of inflammation, patients with hydrosalpinx often show symptoms such as pain on one or both sides of the lower abdomen, abdominal distension, increased leucorrhea and low back pain. At present, hysterosalpingography is the best method to diagnose this disease. In patients with hydrosalpinx, the umbrella tip can be thickened and expanded, the delayed film can show the residual shadow of fallopian tube, and there is no diffusion of contrast agent in pelvic cavity.
Generally speaking, if the patient has no obvious symptoms and no fertility requirements, he can pay attention to his daily eating habits and do not need special treatment. Patients with fertility requirements should be actively treated even if they have no symptoms.
5. Especially those with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease and chronic salpingitis should pay more attention to the treatment of the disease. Among all the treatments, most of them are based on traditional Chinese medicine.
6. Chinese medicine has no name for hydrosalpinx, which belongs to gynecological diseases such as "abdominal pain", "leukorrhagia" and "abdominal mass" according to the symptoms. "Jing Yue Quan Shu" mentioned: "Blood stasis is only seen in women, and its symptoms are either from menstruation or postpartum, when internal injury leads to cold, or external cold, or anger hurts the liver, and hematocele is always driven by blood, and the residual blood is not clean, but once it is reversed, it will gradually become easy over time." It is pointed out that this disease is not a single short-term lesion, but is caused by accumulation.
7. Chinese medicine believes that hydrosalpinx belongs to the invasion of damp-heat evil, which leads to dysfunction of zang-fu organs and obstruction of qi movement, leading to blood stasis, damp turbidity and uterine aggregation. In order to treat the disease thoroughly, we should not only use drugs according to symptoms, but also remove pathogens and solve the problem of hydrosalpinx from the root. Patented gynecological medicine is based on the use of ancient prescriptions, combined with the efficacy of clearing away heat and toxic materials, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, strengthening the spleen and promoting diuresis, to eliminate the pathological changes of female gynecological tissues, eliminate pain, and achieve the purpose of treating hydrosalpinx. And while treating diseases, it does not harm the normal cells and tissues of the body, but also can regulate the body and improve the internal environment of the body.
8. Hydrosalpingitis has a very bad influence on women's conception. Do a good job in the prevention of hydrosalpinx. Female friends should pay attention to hygiene in daily life, pay attention to their own health, and go to the hospital in time if they feel unwell.
Nursing 1, women should eat reasonably and don't use antibiotics indiscriminately.
2. Don't eat spicy or greasy food. If you have symptoms of lower abdominal pain, you can drink more hot water at this time. Don't abuse painkillers to avoid aggravating inflammation.
3. Keep a cheerful mood. Don't blame each other because you are not pregnant, which will interfere with neuroendocrine function and cause tubal dysfunction, making it more difficult to conceive. It is also very important to increase physical exercise and enhance physical fitness.
4, grasp the same room time. Specifically, the second day after menstruation to the 12 day is the best time to have sex with women.
5. If induced abortion is needed, during intrauterine operations such as delivery, the instruments should be strictly disinfected to avoid bringing germs into the vagina and uterus during the operation and artificially causing infection.
6. If you find yourself suffering from hydrosalpinx, you should abide by the principles of treatment, take a positive attitude, treat thoroughly, control the disease as soon as possible, and prevent chronic disease.
Diet should be avoided.
The usual diet of hydrosalpinx is also very important. There are many problems that patients need to pay attention to in diet. Among them, the diet should pay attention to comprehensive nutrition and not partial eclipse. If the fallopian tube is infected, you should eat more celery, sea eel, clams, sesame seeds, rape and other foods. If tubal bleeding occurs, you should eat more sheep blood, squid, Malantou, mushrooms, lotus roots, shepherd's purse and other foods. Pay attention to the regular and quantitative diet, do not overeat, mainly light, not too greasy.
Prevention 1, women should pay attention to their vulva and personal hygiene, especially during menstruation. The menstrual recovery of postpartum mothers is generally 6-8 weeks after delivery, so it is more necessary to pay attention to menstrual hygiene at this time. Pay attention to the infection from sanitary ware and bathroom.
2. If intrauterine surgery is needed, it should be strictly disinfected to avoid bringing germs into vagina and uterus through surgery and causing artificial infection.
3. When women have sex, they should pay attention to the personal hygiene of themselves and their sexual partners. It is best to clean the external reproductive organs before sex to prevent the smooth invasion of germs.
4, increase physical exercise in daily life, enhance physical fitness, resistance, immunity, and reduce the chance of pathogen invasion. Strengthening nutrition and hygiene during menstruation, after abortion and postpartum, and paying attention to one's own health can effectively reduce the incidence of hydrosalpinx.
Precautions 1, pay attention to personal hygiene: every woman pays attention to appearance and likes to be clean and tidy.
2, early treatment: for any kind of disease, if it can be treated early, the cure rate is very high.
3, pay attention to postoperative rest: patients should strengthen rest after treatment, it is best to take a semi-lying position when sleeping to prevent inflammatory fluid from flowing out. Eat more digestible and vitamin-rich foods in your diet.