2. Significance: In the field of chemical industry and electric power, raw materials are crushed and ground by crushing and grinding machinery, which increases the surface area of materials and creates favorable conditions for shortening the chemical reaction time of materials. With the rapid development of industry and the rapid decrease of resources, it is very important to reuse the waste materials produced by various departments. The reprocessing of these wastes needs to be crushed by crushing machinery. 1, extracorporeal shock wave lithotriptor
The advantages of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) are that its treatment process is basically non-invasive, easily accepted by patients, with high success rate and little damage to human tissues, and it has been widely used in clinic.
2. Electric shock wave source
The wave source of stone crusher is mostly hydraulic, which is widely used because of its early development, mature technology and good crushing effect.
The electro-hydraulic shock wave source is an electrode placed in a semi-elliptical metal reflector, which is filled with water. When high-voltage electricity is discharged in water, high temperature and high pressure are generated at the tip of the electrode, and shock waves are formed due to electro-hydraulic effect. Shock waves travel everywhere and reflect when they hit the very smooth inner surface of the reflector. The electrode tip is at the first focus of the ellipsoid, so the shock wave emitted at the first focus (f 1) will be reflected at the second focus (f2).
3. Piezoelectric shock wave source
Piezoelectric shock wave source is a hemisphere with many piezoelectric crystals on its inner wall. When high-frequency and high-voltage electricity passes through the piezoelectric crystal, the piezoelectric crystal will expand and contract to generate vibration, so that the water medium will generate ultrasonic shock waves, and the ultrasonic shock waves will focus on the center (f) of the sphere. When stones are in focus, they will be crushed by powerful shock waves.
4. Electromagnetic shock wave source
Electromagnetic shock wave sources can be divided into two types: flat plate and cylinder.
The flat electromagnetic wave source is a hollow cylinder with a set of high-frequency coils at one end. When high-frequency and high-voltage pulse current passes through, the coil generates a pulsating magnetic field. According to the law of electromagnetic induction, the flat metal film near the front end of the coil will vibrate, thus generating shock waves in the water medium. The shock wave propagating in parallel straight lines will pass through the double-sided concave acoustic lens and then focus on the focal point (F) of the lens. A powerful shock wave can break the stone at the focus.
The cylindrical electromagnetic wave source is a cylindrical insulator, with several groups of high-frequency coils installed on the outer wall and a cylindrical metal diaphragm outside the coils. The whole device is placed at the bottom of a reflector formed by a paraboloid of revolution. When high-frequency and high-voltage current passes through the coil, a pulsating magnetic field will be generated around the coil. According to the principle of electromagnetic induction, the cylindrical metal diaphragm will vibrate, causing the water medium to produce shock waves, which will spread around in parallel, hit the very smooth inner surface of the reflector and reflect, and then focus on the focus F of the parabola. Mine crusher, also known as stone crusher, refers to the crushing machinery in which the content of materials with particle size greater than 3 mm accounts for more than 50% of the total output. Invented by the Englishman Heng An. Crushing operations are often divided into coarse crushing, medium crushing and fine crushing according to the particle size of incoming and outgoing materials. Commonly used sand and gravel equipment includes jaw crusher, impact crusher, impact crusher, composite vertical impact crusher, single-stage hammer crusher, vertical crusher, gyratory crusher, cone crusher, roller crusher, double-roller crusher, two-in-one crusher, one-step forming crusher and so on.
1, adjustable
The adjustable fine crusher is mainly composed of a rotating part, a guard plate part and a box part. The wheel core of the rotating part is provided with a plurality of crossed and non-overlapping hammer frames, the hammer heads are fixed on the hammer frames, the width of the hammer heads is greater than that of the hammer frames and the profiles, and the wheel core is welded into a whole by a plurality of profiles and fixed on the main shaft. Both ends of the spindle are supported on the frame by hydraulic bearing seats. The guard plate group is divided into several pieces and fixed on the box body to protect the box body from abrasion and form different types of impact crushing cavities. The latest adjustable fine crusher is equipped with hydraulic device, which can easily carry out the maintenance work inside the fuselage, saving users a lot of time and cost.
2. Jaw type
Jaw crusher is the first choice for primary crushing, which has the characteristics of large crushing ratio, uniform product granularity, simple structure, reliable work, simple maintenance and economical operation cost, and is widely used in many departments such as mining, smelting, building materials, highways, railways, water conservancy, chemical industry and so on.
Jaw crusher is a crushing machine that uses the squeezing and bending effects of two jaws on materials to coarsely or moderately crush materials with various hardness. Its crushing mechanism consists of a fixed jaw and a movable jaw. When the two jaws approach, the material is crushed, and when the two jaws leave, the material smaller than the discharge port is discharged from the bottom. Its crushing action is intermittent. This crusher is simple in structure and reliable in operation, and can crush hard materials, which is widely used in mineral processing, building materials, silicates and ceramics and other industrial departments. Compared with cone crusher, jaw crusher has less investment, less finished flaky and lower production cost. Compared with the hammer crusher, the wear-resistant parts have long service life, high production efficiency and less later investment.
By the 1980s, the feeding particle size of a large jaw crusher crushing 800 tons of materials per hour has reached about 65,438+0,800 mm ... There are two kinds of jaw crushers in common use: double elbow plate and single elbow plate. The former only makes a simple arc swing when working, so it is also called a simple swing jaw crusher; The latter moves up and down while swinging in an arc, so it is also called compound pendulum jaw crusher. Jaw crusher is widely used to crush various materials with compressive strength less than 320 MPa.
Working principle of jaw crusher: In the process of breaking huge stones into small stones, the first crusher is usually called the "main" crusher. The oldest and most powerful crusher is the jaw crusher. When feeding the jaw crusher, the material is poured into the crushing chamber containing jaw teeth from the top entrance. Jaw teeth push the material against the chamber wall with great force and break it into smaller stones. Supporting the jaw movement is an eccentric shaft, which passes through the fuselage frame. Eccentric motion is usually produced by flywheels fixed at both ends of the shaft. Self-aligning roller bearings are often used in flywheel and eccentric support bearings, and the working environment of bearings is extremely bad. Bearings must bear huge impact load, abrasion sewage and high temperature. Although this working environment is extremely bad, the jaw crusher still needs to work very reliably, which is the key to ensure production efficiency.
3. Rotary type
Rotary crusher is a large-scale crusher which uses the rotary motion of the crushing cone in the cone cavity in the shell to squeeze, crush and bend the materials and coarsely crush the ores or rocks with various hardness. The upper end of the spindle with the crushing cone is supported in the bushing in the middle of the beam, and the lower end is placed in the eccentric hole of the shaft sleeve. When the shaft sleeve rotates, the crushing cone rotates eccentrically around the center line of the machine, and its crushing action is continuous, so the working efficiency is higher than that of the jaw crusher. By the early 1970s, the large gyratory crusher could handle 5000 tons of materials per hour, and the maximum feeding diameter could reach 2000 mm.
The gyratory crusher realizes the adjustment of the discharge port and overload insurance in two ways: one is to adopt a mechanical way, and the upper end of its main shaft is equipped with an adjusting nut. When the adjusting nut is rotated, the crushing cone can be lowered or raised, so that the discharge port becomes larger or smaller. In case of overload, safety can be realized by cutting off the safety pin on the transmission pulley; The second type is hydraulic gyratory crusher, whose main shaft is located on the plunger in the hydraulic cylinder. Changing the volume of hydraulic oil under the plunger can change the up and down position of the crushing cone, thus changing the size of the discharge port. When overloaded, the downward pressure of the spindle increases, forcing the hydraulic oil under the plunger to enter the accumulator in the hydraulic transmission system, so that the crushing cone descends to increase the discharge port and discharge non-crushing objects (iron, wood, etc.). ) with the material into the crushing cavity to achieve insurance.
4. Conical type
Cone crusher is widely used in metal and nonmetal mines, cement plants, sandstone metallurgy and other industries. It is suitable for all kinds of ores and rocks with medium-fine Platts hardness ≤ 5 ~ 16, such as iron ore, nonferrous metal ore, granite, limestone, quartzite, sandstone and cobblestone.
The working principle of cone crusher is the same as that of rotary crusher, but it is only suitable for crushers with medium crushing or fine crushing operations. Generally speaking, the uniformity of discharged particle size in middle crushing and fine crushing operations is higher than that required in coarse crushing operations. Therefore, it is necessary to set a parallel zone at the lower part of the crushing cavity, and at the same time, it is necessary to speed up the rotation speed of the crushing cone, so that the materials can be squeezed in the parallel zone for many times.
The crushing of medium and fine crushing operation is greater than that of coarse crushing operation, so the loose volume after crushing is greatly increased. In order to prevent the crushing cavity from being blocked, it is necessary to increase the total discharge section by increasing the diameter of the lower part of the crushing cone without increasing the discharge port, so as to ensure the required discharge granularity.
The discharge port of cone crusher is small, and it is more likely to cause accidents when the non-crushed materials are mixed into the feed. Because the medium and fine crushing operation requires strict discharge granularity, the discharge port must be adjusted in time after the liner is worn, so the safety and adjustment device of the cone crusher is more necessary than the coarse crushing operation.
When Simon's spring safety cone crusher is overloaded, the conical shell forces the spring to compress and lift itself, thus expanding the discharge port and discharging the unbroken objects. The adjustment of the discharge port is carried out through the adjustment sleeve. Rotating the adjusting sleeve fixedly installed with the shell can drive the shell to rise or fall with the help of threads on the outer circle of the shell, thus changing the size of the discharge port. The insurance and adjustment methods of hydraulic cone crusher are the same as those of hydraulic rotary crusher.
Daily maintenance of cone crusher
1, full load production, otherwise the product granularity will be too coarse.
2. The crushing ratio in the production line should be reasonable, so as to maximize the efficiency of the crusher.
3. There should be an iron removal device to prevent crushing the cavity iron. If iron is removed frequently, it may cause a broken shaft accident.
4. The spring pressure should not be too tight. If the pressure is too high, the shaft will break. If the pressure is too small, the spring will jump frequently, which will affect the normal work of the crusher and the product granularity will become coarse.
5. Roller type
Roller crusher is suitable for crushing materials with medium hardness, such as limestone, slag, coke, coal and other materials in cement, chemical industry, electric power, metallurgy, building materials and refractory materials. Roller crusher for fine crushing can be used for coarse crushing, medium crushing, fine crushing and coarse grinding. Gear crusher, 2PGL-950× 1200 gear crusher is mainly used to crush limestone, siltstone, coal and other materials with compressive strength ≤ 150MPa. It has the advantages of large feed granularity, low machine height, light weight and large handling capacity.
Roller crusher, also known as roller crusher, roller crusher and roller crusher, is a machine that uses the friction of roller surface to bite the material into the crushing area, so that it is crushed by extrusion or splitting. According to the number of rollers, roller crushers are usually divided into single roller, double roller and multi-roller crushers. It is mainly suitable for coarse crushing and medium crushing of brittle bulk materials in mining, metallurgy, chemical industry, coal mine and other industries, with large feeding granularity and adjustable discharging granularity, and can crush materials with compressive strength ≤ 160MPa. Especially in the coal industry, using this machine to crush raw coal can be directly crushed as long as iron and impurities are removed, without removing gangue. The crushed material has uniform particle size and low over-crushing rate, which simplifies the coal preparation process and reduces the investment and production cost.
6. Hammer type
Hammer crusher has the characteristics of large crushing ratio, high production capacity and uniform product particle size. It is one of the main equipment for finely crushing limestone, coal or other brittle materials with medium hardness in metallurgy, building materials, chemical industry, hydropower and other industries. Hammer crusher is a crusher that uses the high-speed impact of hammer head to crush and finely divide materials. The hammer is hinged on the high-speed rotating rotor, and the lower part of the machine body is equipped with a grate to control the discharging granularity. The materials sent to the crusher are firstly crushed by the impact of a high-speed hammer, and at the same time, kinetic energy is obtained, and the crushing plate flying to the inner wall of the casing at high speed is crushed again. The material smaller than the grate gap is discharged from the machine, and the material larger than the grate gap is impacted and ground by the hammer again on the grate bar until it is smaller than the grate gap.
Step 7 fight back
The impact crusher has the advantages of simple structure, large crushing ratio, low energy consumption, high output, light weight, and the crushed product is cubic, which is widely used in various industries such as ore crushing, railways, highways, energy, cement, chemical industry, construction and so on.
Impact crusher is a machine that uses the high-speed impact of plate hammer and the rebound of impact plate to crush materials through repeated impact. The plate hammer is fixed on the high-speed rotating rotor, and a plurality of impact plates are arranged at different angles along the crushing cavity.
When the material enters the action area of the plate hammer, it is first impacted by the plate hammer, and it is broken for the first time. At the same time, it gains kinetic energy and rushes to the impact plate at high speed. After the material collides with the impact plate and breaks again, it is bounced back to the action area of the plate hammer and is impacted by the plate hammer again. Repeat this process until it is crushed into the required particle size and discharged from the machine. Compared with the hammer crusher, the impact crusher has a larger crushing ratio and can make full use of the high-speed impact energy of the whole rotor. However, because the plate hammer is easy to wear, its application in crushing hard materials is also limited. Usually used for coarse crushing, medium crushing or fine crushing of brittle materials such as limestone, coal, calcium carbide, timely, dolomite, iron sulfide, gypsum and chemical raw materials.
8. Ring hammer type
Main uses of ring hammer crusher:
This series of ring hammer crusher is suitable for crushing various brittle materials, such as coal, dry coal stone, coke, slag, shale, loose limestone and so on. The compressive strength of the material is not more than 65438±00 MPa, and the surface moisture is not more than 8%.
Pneumatic hammer crusher is used for crushing coal, shale, cinder, carbon, lime, cement clinker, bentonite and medium hard brittle materials in building materials, bricks, coal, metallurgy, mining, electric power, light industry and other industrial sectors.
9. Type of impact
Impact crusher, commonly known as sand crusher, is a kind of high-energy and low-consumption equipment with international advanced level. It is developed by using the principle and technology of the famous "stone-to-stone" crusher of Bamak Company in the United States and combining the actual situation of sand making at home and abroad. Its performance plays an irreplaceable role in all kinds of ore crushing equipment, and it is the most effective, practical and reliable crusher. This crusher is an ideal production equipment for building sand, road sand, cushion material, asphalt concrete and cement concrete aggregate, so it is widely used.
Impact crusher is suitable for crushing and molding soft or medium hard and extremely hard materials, which are widely used in various ores, cement, refractories, bauxite clinker, emery, glass raw materials, machine-made building sand, stone and various metallurgical slag, especially for hard, extremely hard and wear-resistant materials such as silicon carbide, emery, sintered bauxite and meisha, and the output efficiency is higher than other types of crushers.
Several kinds of sand and gravel equipment introduced above are essential equipment in sand production line and gravel production line.
Jaw crusher is used in cement, coal preparation, power generation and building materials industries. Suitable for crushing materials with medium hardness and brittleness, such as limestone and coal. The maximum compressive strength shall not exceed 1500 kg/cm2.
Comparison between impact and extrusion;
1, the crushing ratio is large. The crushing ratio of impact crusher can reach more than 50, while it is difficult for extrusion crusher to exceed 20. And is more suitable for single-stage crushing occasions.
2, the product particles are good. The percentage of needle products of impact crusher can be lower than 10%, while the percentage of needle products of extrusion crusher can be higher than 15%. Therefore, when cubic particles are needed, impact crusher is usually used as the final crushing equipment to produce concrete aggregate.
3. Because the impact crusher uses the impact principle to crush materials, it wears quickly in use. This defect has long limited the application scope of impact crusher. Can only be used for crushing medium and hard materials.
Technical characteristics of impact crusher;
1, high crushing efficiency, fine grinding and coarse grinding functions.
4. Simple structure, convenient installation and maintenance, and low operating cost.
3. The product has high bulk density and less iron pollution.
4. The ability to pass through non-broken materials is strong, and it is less affected by the moisture content of materials, and the moisture content can reach 8%.
5. The product has excellent particle shape, cubic shape and extremely low needle-like content, and is suitable for aggregate molding, artificial sand making and production of high-grade highway aggregates.
10, mobile phone
Mobile crusher, also known as mobile crushing station, is a self-driven way. All components are fixed on an integral frame, and tires or tracks are attached below it to form a mobile sand production line, which can crush materials in a flowing way. Widely used in railway, highway, construction, water conservancy, metallurgy and other industries. Especially in the operation of moving materials such as roads, railways and construction waste disposal. It is a new type of environmental protection crusher with stable output and higher efficiency.
Characteristic analysis of mobile crusher;
1, the mobile crusher has reliable performance and convenient maintenance.
2, it can be broken on site, reducing the transportation cost of materials.
3. Systematize the whole unit and reduce material consumption and working hours.
4, the operation function is direct and effective, and the cost is reduced to the utmost extent.
5. Strong adaptability and flexible configuration, which can be operated independently by a single unit or combined flexibly into a system configuration unit for joint operation.
6. Flexible mobility provides more flexible space and reasonable layout for the whole crushing process.
1 1, dedicated for circuit boards.
Circuit board crusher, also known as circuit board crusher, is an advanced fine crushing equipment. This series of products are carefully developed on the basis of absorbing the advantages of various crushers and making full use of the theories of impact, shear, mutual impact and crushing. When the equipment works, the materials can be fully and effectively finely crushed in the crushing cavity, with high output, low energy consumption, high efficiency and uniform discharge. When using this equipment, it has the advantages of low noise, no pollution, simple operation and convenient maintenance. The equipment is automatic feeding, which has the advantages of purifying the environment and saving manpower and material resources, and can meet the high-yield needs of customers to the greatest extent.
12, single-stage hammer type
Single-stage hammer crusher is suitable for crushing general brittle minerals such as limestone, argillaceous siltstone, shale, gypsum, coal, etc., and also suitable for crushing limestone and clay mixture, which is widely used in cement industry.
Product advantages: the crushing ratio is large, and large pieces of raw ore can be crushed at one time to meet the grinding granularity; Compared with the traditional two-stage crushing system, it can greatly reduce the one-time investment and ore crushing cost; Simple operation and convenient maintenance, reducing the labor intensity of workers; The particle size of crusher can be designed according to user's requirements; Working hammer, new technology casting, wear resistance and impact resistance; After the optimized design, the perforated plate has smooth discharge, uniform and stable product particle size and long service life. The structure of the machine body is sealed, which solves the problems of dust pollution and ash leakage in the crushing workshop.
13, composite type
Composite vertical impact crusher is a new type of high-efficiency fine crushing equipment combining hammer crushing and anti-crushing. It has the outstanding advantages of large production capacity, high crushing efficiency, large crushing ratio, small wear, low energy consumption, good sealing, stable operation and convenient maintenance. When the equipment is used to crush limestone, coal, coal gangue and cement clinker in building materials enterprises, the grinding granularity can be obviously reduced and the mill output can be improved. It is an ideal energy-saving crushing equipment.
14, single segment
Single-stage crusher is widely used in cement, ceramics, glass, artificial sandstone, coal, non-metallic mines, new green building materials and other industries, with the advantages of large crushing ratio, fine discharging particle size, simplified process and low operating cost.
15, compound cone
Compound cone crusher, PYF series cone crusher is widely used in metallurgical industry, building materials industry, road construction industry, chemical industry and silicic acid industry, and is suitable for crushing all kinds of ores and rocks with medium hardness or above. The machine has the characteristics of large crushing force, high efficiency, large handling capacity, low operating cost, convenient adjustment and economical use.
16, subdivision
Fine crusher and PCF fine crusher integrated the advantages of existing hammer crusher, impact crusher and impact crusher. Hammer crusher, impact crusher and stone crusher are completed at one time, and the finished product rate is less than 5MM, accounting for more than 90%. Moreover, the discharging granularity is adjustable, the service life can be increased by more than 10 times, the secondary crushing yield is improved, the maintenance times and time are reduced, the energy consumption per ton of finished products is greatly reduced, and fine crusher is effectively saved.
17, PCF ring hammer
PCH hammer crusher is used to crush all kinds of materials with moderate hardness and weak abrasiveness, and its compressive strength does not exceed 100MPa. The water content is less than 15%. The crushed material can be coal, salt, chalk, gypsum, limestone, etc. It can also use the fiber structure, elastic structure and waste of broken wood, broken paper or crushed stone cotton, which has strong willfulness and is used to recycle asbestos fiber. It is characterized by energy saving, good discharge granularity, low noise, adjustable discharge hole sieve hole and long service life of manganese 13 cast steel sieve plate. Application scope of impact crusher: it can handle all kinds of coarse, medium and fine materials (granite, limestone, concrete, etc. ) The side length is not more than 500mm, and the compressive strength is not more than 350MPa. It is widely used in hydropower, expressway, artificial sand and gravel, crushing and other industries.
Performance characteristics of impact crusher: unique structure, keyless connection, high chromium plate hammer and unique impact liner; Hard rock crushing, high efficiency and energy saving; The product is cubic, and the discharging granularity is adjustable, which simplifies the crushing process.
Working principle of impact crusher: when working, it is driven by motor and the rotor rotates at high speed. After the material enters, it collides with the plate hammer on the rotor and breaks, then it is hit back to the lining plate and broken again, and finally it is discharged from the discharge port.
Jaw crusher is the most widely used production concentrator or gravel plant. Compared with other crushers, this machine has the advantages of low cost and high efficiency.
Counterattack and preliminary work
1, whether the funnel is blocked or not, and whether the ore feeding is biased to one side.
2. Load, temperature rise and sound condition of the motor.
3. Whether the parts with gaps (especially those with movable jaws) have friction phenomenon.
4. Whether the mating seat between the thrust plate and the support pad is normal, inclined and interlocked.
5, the bearing temperature should not exceed 50-60 degrees.
6. Whether the amount of oil in each greasy spot is appropriate.
7, oil pump, oil ring, etc. Whether the operation is normal and the oil pipe is blocked.
8. Operation (feeling and sound) is normal.
9, each screw fastening is sufficient.
10, spring tightness is normal. Jaw crusher appears in 1858. Although it is an ancient ore crushing equipment, it is still widely used in metallurgical mines, building materials, chemical industry, railways and other industries because of its simple structure, reliable work, easy manufacture and convenient maintenance. In metal mines, it is mostly used for coarse crushing and medium crushing of hard or medium hard ores. Jaw crushers are usually classified according to the motion characteristics of movable jaw plates (movable jaws), and there are two main types that are most widely used in industry:
1, jaw crusher with double toggle mechanism with simple swing of moving jaw (so-called single pendulum type).
2. Jaw crusher with a single toggle mechanism (so-called compound pendulum type), in which the moving jaw performs complex swinging. Hydraulic technology has been applied in ore crushing equipment, and hydraulic jaw crusher has appeared.
(1)-single pendulum jaw crusher; (2)- compound pendulum jaw crusher; (3)- Hydraulic jaw crusher.
The movement of the movable jaw is realized by connecting rod and thrust plate mechanism. It consists of flywheel 7, eccentric shaft 8, connecting rod 9, front thrust plate and rear thrust plate 13. When the motor drives the eccentric shaft to rotate through the pulley, the connecting rod moves. The up-and-down movement of the connecting rod drives the thrust plate to move. Due to the change of the inclination angle of the thrust plate, the movable jaw moves back and forth around the suspension shaft, thus crushing the ore. When the movable jaw swings forward, the horizontal pull rod balances the inertial force generated by the movable jaw and the thrust plate through the spring 10, so that the movable jaw and the thrust plate are closely combined and will not be separated. When the movable jaw retreats, the spring can act again.
Because jaw crusher works intermittently, that is, it has working stroke and idling stroke, so the load of its motor is extremely unbalanced. In order to make the load uniform, it is necessary to store the energy of idle stroke when the movable jaw moves backward (leaves the fixed jaw plate), so as to release all the energy during the working stroke (crushing ore). Using the principle of inertia, this goal can be achieved by installing flywheels at both ends of the eccentric shaft. In order to simplify the structure of the machine, one of the flywheels is usually used as the pulley to transmit power. For a large jaw crusher driven by two motors, both flywheels are made into pulleys, that is, the pulleys also serve as flywheels.
Eccentric shaft or spindle is an important part of crusher, and the movable jaw suspension shaft of single pendulum jaw crusher is also called spindle. The eccentric shaft is the main component that drives the connecting rod to move up and down. Because they bear great crushing force when working, they are generally made of high quality alloy steel. According to the resource situation in China, the eccentric shaft of large jaw crusher is suitable for alloy steel such as Mn-Mo-V, Mn-Mo-B and Cr-Mo. The small jaw crusher is made of 45 steel. Eccentric shaft should be tempered or normalized to improve strength and wear resistance. The spindle is usually made of 45 steel.
The connecting rod is only available in a single pendulum jaw crusher, and consists of a connecting rod body and a connecting rod head. It is made of cast steel because it bears tension when working. There are two kinds of connecting rods: integral and combined. The former is mostly used in small and medium-sized jaw crushers, while the latter is mainly used in large jaw crushers. In order to reduce the inertia of the connecting rod, we should try our best to reduce its weight. Therefore, small and medium-sized jaw crushers generally adopt I-shaped and cross-shaped cross-section structures, while large jaw crushers adopt box-shaped cross-section structures. For the hydraulic jaw crusher, there is also a hydraulic cylinder (piston) in the connecting rod, which plays an insurance role when the machine is overloaded.
The adjusting device is an adjusting mechanism for the size of the crusher's ore outlet. With the wear of the broken tooth plate, the ore outlet gradually increases and the particle size of the broken product becomes coarse. In order to meet the requirements of product granularity, it is necessary to adjust the size of the ore outlet regularly by using the adjusting device.
There are three main methods to adjust the discharge port of jaw crusher:
1, gasket adjustment. Place a set of shims with equal thickness between the rear thrust plate bracket and the rear wall of the frame. By increasing or decreasing the number of gasket layers, the ore outlet of the crusher is reduced or increased. This method can be adjusted in multiple stages, and the machine structure is relatively compact, which can reduce the weight of the equipment, but it must be stopped when adjusting. This adjustment method is often used in large jaw crusher.
2. Wedge adjustment. The adjustment of the ore outlet of the crusher is realized by the relative movement of two wedges between the rear thrust plate bracket and the back wall of the frame. Turn the nut on the bolt to make the adjusting wedge move up or down along the back wall of the frame, and drive the front wedge to move forward or backward, so as to push the thrust plate or the movable jaw plate to adjust the ore outlet. This method can realize stepless adjustment, which is convenient to adjust, saves time and does not need to stop the machine for adjustment, but increases the volume and weight of the machine. This adjusting device is often used in small and medium-sized jaw crushers.
3. Hydraulic adjustment: Since 20 12, a hydraulic pusher cylinder has been installed at this position to adjust the ore outlet. Jaw crusher adopts hydraulic safety device, which is safe, reliable and convenient for troubleshooting. The connecting rod of the crusher is provided with a hydraulic oil cylinder and a piston, the oil cylinder is connected with the upper part of the connecting rod, and the piston is connected with the thrust plate bracket. During normal operation, the oil cylinder is filled with pressure oil, and the piston and the oil cylinder are equivalent to an integral connecting rod. When the crushing cavity enters the non-crushing object, the force on the connecting rod increases rapidly, and the oil pressure in the oil cylinder suddenly rises. When the liquid flow valve is pushed open, the pressure oil is squeezed out and the piston and cylinder are released. At this time, although the connecting rod cylinder still moves up and down with the rotation of the eccentric shaft, the connecting rod piston does not move, so the thrust plate and the movable jaw plate do not swing, which plays the role of a safety device. With the continuous development of hydraulic technology, this crusher will be widely used.
It is worth noting that the bolt on the connecting rod head or the pin (key) on the flywheel should not be used as the safety device of the jaw crusher. This series of products has the characteristics of large crushing ratio, uniform product granularity, simple structure, reliable work, simple maintenance and economical operation cost. Jaw crusher is widely used in mining, smelting, building materials, highways, railways, water conservancy, chemical industry and other departments to crush various materials with compressive strength less than 320 MPa.