It is valid on the same day. You can buy tickets with the ID number on the household registration book, and then report the ID number at the ticket window of the railway station. After verifying your identity through the national population information system, you can apply for a temporary identity certificate and use it to collect tickets.

"Opinions on Establishing the System of Receiving and Reissuing the Loss of Resident Identity Cards in Different Places"

8. Provide temporary identification service. For those who need to board the plane, take the train or stay in the hotel urgently because of the loss, theft, forgetting to bring their resident ID cards, the airport, railway station police station and police station under the jurisdiction of the hotel will issue temporary identification certificates in time by inquiring the identity of the personnel approved by the national population information system for the next flight, train and stay in the hotel.