1. Pruning time: in areas that are not cold in winter, pruning can be completed 2 weeks after defoliation and before February of the following year; After severe cold, it is best to trim the places prone to freezing injury; In winter, areas that need to be buried in the ground for cold protection can be pruned after defoliation to play a role in cold protection.
2. Pruning method: According to the growth of vines in this area, we should adhere to the principle of keeping more strong branches and less moderately weak branches, which are too dense, too thin and too sparse. The length of pruning depends on the number of buds left on the functional mother vine. Cutting length can generally be divided into three types, that is, short branches leave 2-3 buds, middle branches leave 4-7 buds, and long branches leave 7- 1 1 bud. There are also very short shoots here, with only 1-2 buds left at the base, and very long shoots are pruned.
2. Real-time cleaning in the garden: pruning in winter, collecting dead leaves in the garden and scattered diseased fruits, diseased ears, diseased leaves, diseased branches and tendrils discarded in the garden after picking, and burying or destroying them outside the garden to reduce the wintering base of pests and diseases and reduce the risk of pests and diseases in the coming year.
3. Spray protection: After all the liana leaves fall off, clean the garden in time and spray 1-2 times. You can choose 40% DuPont Fuxing 6000 times solution +90% DuPont Wanling 2500 times solution+synergist 1500 times solution. Or 2 1% peracetic acid 100- 150 times +90% DuPont wanling 2500 times+synergist 1500 times, or 5-6 bordeaux liquid sulfur mixture +90% DuPont wanling 2500 times+synergist/kloc. When spraying, it should be meticulous and thorough, and the trees and the ground should be sprayed evenly. It is best to choose sunny or cloudy morning when spraying. The drug has a good effect on preventing and treating black pox, felting disease, white rot and Lepidoptera.
4. Deep digging of garden soil: Most vineyards are overgrown with weeds and the soil permeability is poor. After long-term management, the soil in the park is in a hardened state. Deep intertillage is required, which can not only loosen soil and conserve moisture, but also increase soil permeability and promote root growth. Generally, the depth is 25-30 cm, shallow between plants and deep between rows. It can also be applied in combination with base fertilizer, and it is better to spray it without deep ploughing if necessary. It can discharge energy, irrigate, plough deeply and have a smooth surface, creating a good growth environment for high quality and high yield of grapes.