There are many kinds of big cherry rootstocks. Among China cherries, Laiyang dwarf cherry, big leaf grass cherry (also called "big leaf"), maoba acid, Mahali, Kaoto and so on. Practice has proved that Prunus macrophylla has strong adaptability to soil and is most suitable for growing in sandy loam or gravel loam. It has good resistance to root cancer.
Strong grafting affinity with big cherry varieties, deep root distribution, many thick roots, strong growth of grafted big cherry, good land fixation, not easy to lodging and easy to yield. Therefore, it is suitable to choose the big leaf grass cherry as the rootstock for cultivating big cherry in production.
Second, the choice of nursery land
1. It is best to choose neutral loam or sandy loam with sunny lee, fertile soil, no continuous cropping, no waterlogging and good drainage and irrigation conditions.
2. The nursery should be cleaned up, and 5000-6000g/m2 of base fertilizer should be applied before winter, and then deep ploughing should be carried out. Before raising seedlings in the next spring, plough it again, rake it flat and thin, and make a border.
Extended data:
I. Scope of distribution
Cherry from China is widely distributed in China, with Liaoning in the north, Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan in the south and Gansu and Xinjiang in the west, but mostly in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shandong, Beijing and Hebei. Most plants in the cold regions of Northeast and Northwest China are Prunus tomentosa. In addition, there are three big and sweet European cherries imported from Liaoning and Yantai. But the history is relatively short, only over a hundred years.
Second, the morphological characteristics
Cherry tree belongs to Rosaceae, Prunus, and is a deciduous tree or shrub. Cherry is also known as cherry, Han Tao, Niu Tao, Zhu Ying, wheat cherry, wax cherry and cliff honey. Prunus of Rosaceae is a small deciduous tree with a height of 8 meters.
The leaves are ovoid to ovoid-elliptic, 7~ 12cm long, sharp at the apex, round at the base, with serrated edges of different sizes, glands between teeth, hairless or hairless at the top and sparse at the back.
The flowers are white, with a diameter of about 1.5~2.5cm, and the calyx tube is hairy; 3~6 clusters form racemes. The fruit is nearly spherical, with a diameter of 1~ 1.5cm, and is red. Flowering in March, flowering first and then growing leaves; Fruit ripens from May to June.
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