Planting season
1. Seed propagation: Seed propagation of Lonicera japonica Thunb. is usually sown in April. Soak the seeds in warm water at 35 ~ 40℃ for 24 hours, take out 2 ~ 3 times of wet sand to accelerate germination, and sow when the crack reaches about 30%. Sow in furrow with the row spacing of 2 1 ~ 22 cm, cover with soil 1 cm, and spray water 1 time every two days for more than 10 days. Transplanting in autumn or the following spring, using about 1 5 kg of seeds per1hectare.
2. Cutting propagation: Cutting propagation of honeysuckle is generally carried out in rainy season. In rainy weather in summer and autumn, select robust, pest-free 1 ~ 2-year-old branches, cut them into 30 ~ 35 cm, and use the lower leaves as cuttings. On the selected land, dig pits according to the row spacing of 1.6m and the plant spacing of 1.5m, and the pit depth is 16 ~ 18cm, and each pit has 5 ~ 6 cuttings, which are scattered and obliquely buried in the soil, with 7 ~ 10cm exposed.
Planting method
1, timely pruning: pruning shall be carried out after the leaves fall in autumn and before germination in spring. Generally, strong branches are lightly cut, weak branches are strongly cut, and all branches are cut. When pruning, pay attention to the ventilation and light transmission after the new branches grow. All weak branches, withered old branches, basic branches, etc. It should be cut off, and the plots with poor fertilizer and water conditions should be trimmed heavier. Old branches should be cut off to promote the growth of new branches. Young plants are mainly cultivated plants and should be lightly cut. Generally, 4 ~ 5 trunk branches are left in mountainous areas, and 1 ~ 2 trunk branches are left in plains. The top of the trunk should be cut off to make it stout and upright.
2. Reasonable shaping: combining shaping with pruning, in principle, giving priority to fertilizer and water management, improving overall, making full use of space, increasing the amount of branches and leaves, making the plant type more reasonable, and obviously increasing flowers and yield. The flowering time after pruning is relatively concentrated, which is convenient for harvesting and processing. Generally, branches can stand upright after pruning, and removing weak branches and basic branches is beneficial to the formation of new flowers. Pick the flowers and cut them. After cutting, apply quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer once and water once to promote the early growth of the next flower. In this way, flowers can be collected four times a year, and the average dry flowers can be collected per mu 150 ~ 200 kg.
3. Cultivate soil and weed: cultivate soil and weed honeysuckle 3-4 times a year, 1 time when new leaves grow, the second time before the second flowering, and the last time before the frost in late autumn and early winter. The purpose of raising soil is to prevent flower roots from sticking out of the ground, and it is suggested to combine fertilization at the same time. Weeding should start from the periphery of the flower tree, first far and then near, and be careful not to damage the root system.
4. Rational topdressing: The first 1 ~ 2 years after planting honeysuckle is the plant development period, and more fertilizers such as human and animal manure, plant ash, urea and potassium sulfate should be applied. After planting for 2 ~ 3 years, more manure, manure, cake fertilizer, calcium superphosphate and other fertilizers should be applied in early spring every year. After the first crop of flowers is harvested, an appropriate amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer should be applied to provide sufficient nutrients for the next crop of flowers. Every year after germination in early spring and when the first flowers are harvested, human feces, fertilizers, etc. Pour it into an open channel and apply 250g of each fertilizer.
5. Harvesting and processing: The best time to harvest honeysuckle is early morning and morning. At this time, the harvested buds are not easy to open, full of nutrition, rich in smell and good in color. The afternoon harvest should be completed before sunset, because the flowering of honeysuckle is limited by light, and the mature buds will bloom after sunset, which will affect the quality. Those without buds and leaves are put into baskets woven with strips or bamboo after harvesting. When concentrated, it should not be piled up, but should be spread out and placed for no more than 4 hours.
Extended data
The growth and development process of Lonicera japonica Thunb can be roughly divided into three stages: budding stage, budding stage and growth stagnation stage;
1. Germination and leaf spreading stage: the leaf buds germinate in late March and begin to grow in early April.
2. Germination flowering period: it begins to germinate in late May and blooms after 15 days. Xiaoman to awn (from late May to early June), the output accounts for 80%-90% of the whole year. From late July to early August, the second crop of flowers opens, and the yield accounts for 15%-20% of the whole year. Now the buds are green first and then white, and open at 4-5 pm.
3. Growth stagnation period: the second crop will bear fruit immediately after flowering, and the fruit will mature in September. 65438+ 10 After the first frost in late June, some leaves withered and entered the state of overwintering.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-honeysuckle