First, the principle of pruning. Grape is a vine deciduous fruit tree, which needs to be cut once a year in winter when planting. If vines are not pruned for many years, the whole shed will be covered with vines, and the dead branches, over-dense branches, weak branches, slender branches, pests and diseases, and disabled old vines will not be effectively removed, which will disturb the tree shape, affect the ventilation and light transmission between trees, cause the breeding of pests and diseases, and make the flowers and fruits fall off seriously, and there will be no harvest. Grape pruning in winter is to improve the above shortcomings, make the vines healthy and strong forever, and effectively control the upward movement of the resulting parts or the aging and baldness of the main vines behind them. Through pruning technology, the contradiction between aboveground and underground, growth and fruiting can be adjusted, the whole plant growth can be balanced, the fruit yield can be increased, and the quality of grape fruit can be improved.

Second, pruning time. It is more suitable to go to beginning of spring after defoliation, that is,1mid-February to early February of the following year.

Third, pruning technology. Taking the trellis of grapes planted for more than four years, each of which accounts for 6- 10 square meter, as an example, the pruning method is illustrated.

1. Cut off useless branches. First, cut off the old, weak, residual branches, dead branches, pests and diseases branches, slender branches (more than 0.5 cm in diameter) and some overlapping branches from the base.

2. cut the length. In practical application, the cutting length should be determined according to the different varieties, growth, position and maturity of branches. Results In principle, the pruning of mother branches should be based on the strong, medium and weak annual growth, that is, the strong branches should be kept long, the weak branches should be kept short, the ends should be kept long and the bases should be kept short. As far as the whole tree is concerned, long, medium and short pruning should be combined, that is, the number of buds left is: 8 buds in the long tip, 4-7 buds in the middle tip, and short tip 1-3 buds.

3. The number of branches and buds left by the bearing mother branch. The fruiting mother branch refers to the branch that produces new shoots and bears fruit in the second year. Too many branches will sprout too many new buds, which will affect the ventilation and light transmission of the frame surface and breed pests and diseases. At the same time, too much fruit will weaken the tree and affect the quality and growth of the next year. When pruning, the number of mother branches and buds is different because of the variety, frame type and tree shape. Taking the above-mentioned trellis as an example, 40-70 fruiting mother branches and 180-300 buds are usually selected. When pruning, we should also pay attention to make the main vines and their fruiting mother branches evenly distributed on the frame surface.

Fourth, pruning precautions. The diameter of the branches and vines at the cutting mouth should be above 1 cm. When pruning useless branches, they should be completely removed from the base. Cut branches and leaves should be burned or buried in a centralized way. At the same time, combine pruning in winter and apply sufficient organic fertilizer to lay a good foundation for next year's results. Hehe, I hope it helps you ~