Ficus carica has a long history of cultivation in China, and it belongs to a kind of nutritious fruit, so it is deeply loved by consumers and makes fruit farmers get good economic income. However, in order to promote the healthy growth of fruit trees and improve fruit yield and quality, we must master certain cultivation techniques, carry out strict cultivation management and do every link well.

1, fertilization skills

(1) basal fertilizer: Generally, it should be applied from the middle of 10 to the early February after the defoliation of figs, and the decomposed manure is the best. Fertilization ditches with a width of 30 cm and a depth of 30-50 cm can be opened between rows or plants to apply base fertilizer.

(2) Topdressing: Because the growth of fig branches and leaves and fruit development are synchronous and complementary. In order to achieve high yield and high quality, topdressing is needed 5-6 times a year. If all the base fertilizer is applied, 1 topdressing should be based on nitrogen fertilizer in May when the new shoots are vigorous, and the dosage per mu is 15-20kg. When the fruit is ripe in August-June, 65438+1October, topdressing should be done 2-3 times in time, and this time ternary compound fertilizer is mainly used. In addition, figs can be sprayed with 0.3%-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, which can increase fruits and reduce fruit cracking.

2. Irrigation management

Because fig root system is relatively developed, it has strong drought resistance, but it is not tolerant to waterlogging. Water it 3-5 times a year, and water it 4 times before germination, new shoot growth period, fruit growth period and soil freezing. In the hot summer, you can also water according to the soil moisture, and it is not advisable to water too much at one time, especially in the fruit ripening and harvesting period, so as to keep the soil moisture stable and suitable at all times to avoid fruit cracking. Pay attention to drainage in rainy season, so that there is no water after rain and loosen the soil in time.

3, plastic pruning

(1) Shaping: The shaping and pruning of figs are very simple, and the tree shape can be multi-branched natural humanoid, spindle-shaped and so on. Many branches are naturally happy. The whole tree has only 3-5 main branches, no side branches, and the main branches are directly planted with fruiting branches. The spindle-shaped whole tree retains 10- 15 main branches, which are evenly distributed on the central trunk, and the main branches are spirally arranged.

(2) Pruning: fig branches are loose and the incision heals slowly. After cutting in winter, some branches under the cutting mouth are easy to dry up or rot. Therefore, it is necessary to apply protective agents such as healing agent to the cutting mouth, raise the short section of branchlets appropriately and lengthen the cutting length.

4, pest control

Fig has fewer pests and diseases, and Apriona germari is a serious pest, which eats trunks and branches. The control methods are mainly carried out from June to July every year, during the spawning period of adults, and it is recommended to kill them manually; You can also block the wormhole with a poison stick to poison the larvae.

label

The above contents are the key work to be done in fig cultivation, and also the key problems to be paid attention to. Only when every link is completed can the growth, yield and quality of fruit trees be promoted and the economic interests of fruit farmers be protected.