Then, what adjustments are made to the new policy, what new requirements are put forward for EIA management, and what impact will it have on related industries and industrial parks? This paper interprets the topics that readers care about.
Which industries are no longer included in the EIA?
As we all know, the development of China is facing a complicated and severe domestic and international situation, so it is particularly important and urgent to accelerate the reform in related fields. Deepening the reform of "simplifying administration and decentralizing power, strengthening supervision and improving services" and optimizing the business environment are key measures to stimulate the vitality of market players and develop endogenous power.
How to stimulate vitality? When we start with "decentralization".
Just as in the 2020 national EIA training class, the main person in charge of the EIA department said: We should further highlight the matters of "release", improve the quality of "service", strengthen the effect of "management" and ensure the implementation of "reform".
Therefore, the newly adjusted Catalogue fully embodies the above ideas. "Receiving and releasing" is an important way to adjust the catalogue. Which industries should be "closed"? Industries that have a great impact on the environment should be strictly controlled. Which industries should be "liberalized"? According to the needs of optimizing the business environment and ensuring people's livelihood, the classified management of EIA in animal husbandry, agricultural and sideline food processing industry, food manufacturing industry, warehousing industry and other industries will be "liberalized".
The adjusted catalogue also brings several "benefits"-
1. It is estimated that the number of reports and statements that need to be submitted for approval can be further reduced by more than 10%, focusing more on the key points of EIA management.
2, the number of registration forms can be reduced by more than 40%.
3. Covered a number of measures exempted from the reform of the "Positive List of EIA Approval" of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, which realized the seamless connection between the policies before and after, and promoted the normalization and institutionalization of the pilot measures.
So, how does the catalogue embody "receiving and releasing"? For example, the following industries are no longer included in EIA management:
Egg processing
Urban natural gas supply project
Remediation of contaminated sites
Dining, entertainment and bathing places
Centralized washing of clothes and centralized cleaning and disinfection of tableware in hotels, restaurants and medical institutions
Agricultural reclamation, etc
What is the reason? Because the above industries have little impact on the environment, environmental governance measures are mature, or they can be effectively managed through other environmental systems, and these industries are no longer included in EIA management through adjustment.
At the same time, VOCs-related industries are also differentiated according to the degree of influence. If only solvent-free low VOCs coating is used and the annual consumption is below 10 ton, there is no need to prepare an EIA document.
So, which projects embody the idea of "receiving"? Category of fastening items (including some items in this category):
Marine biological culture
Onshore oil exploitation
Land natural gas exploitation
Production of condiments and fermented products
Manufacture of feed additives and food additives
Leather, fur and its products
Culture, education, sports, entertainment products manufacturing, etc.
Electronic special material manufacturing
Marine artificial reef project
Do small family workshops need EIA?
The newly released Catalogue introduces the concept of "industrial building" for the first time, and defines 26 secondary project categories such as wine and beverage manufacturing, and only projects located in industrial buildings are included in the EIA management.
Someone asked: I am a farmer, engaged in grain grinding and dairy products manufacturing. Do I need an environmental assessment? It depends. If it is produced on a large scale in an industrial plant, the environmental impact will be relatively large, so the EIA should be compiled according to the list, which is basically a report item; If it is only handmade and semi-handmade, that is, simple processing in family workshops, it will no longer be included in the EIA management.
This is the role of introducing the concept of "industrial building", which is easy to distinguish from homes and shops.
So, what kind of building is an "industrial building"? For the definition of industrial buildings, please refer to the Standard for Basic Terms of Engineering Structure Design (GB/T 50083-20 14). Briefly, it refers to buildings with industrial production as the main function, and refers to houses engaged in various industrial production and directly serving production, which are generally called workshops, such as production workshops, auxiliary workshops, power rooms, storage buildings, etc.
Then you need to understand that 26 secondary project categories generated by industrial buildings need to be included in the EIA.
However, although the EIA has been reduced, the related environmental responsibility cannot be reduced. According to the provisions of the Environmental Protection Law, units that produce environmental pollution and other public hazards must establish a responsibility system for environmental protection. In other words, even if you engage in small and micro projects at home, it is not feasible to pollute the environment and will also be supervised. In addition, if the project is not included in the EIA management, but needs to be included in the sewage permit management, it is still necessary to apply for a sewage permit or register in accordance with the provisions of the sewage permit system.
If the project involves two or more project categories, it shall be determined according to the highest single level. How to understand it?
Article 5 of the current catalogue: The category of environmental impact assessment of cross-industry and compound construction projects shall be determined according to the highest level of individual projects. Article 4 of the new Catalogue is amended as:-For construction projects whose construction contents involve more than two project categories in this Catalogue, the environmental impact assessment category shall be determined according to the highest single level.
The purpose of modifying "cross-industry and compound construction projects" to "construction projects whose construction contents involve more than two project categories in this catalogue" is to make the catalogue more universal and enhance its operability.
For example, a hotel and medical institution has a project of "centralized washing of clothes and centralized cleaning and disinfection of tableware", which will not be included in the EIA management according to the new catalogue. However, if the hotel or medical institution has supporting sewage treatment facilities, it belongs to "two or more project categories", and the preparation requirements of EIA documents should be determined according to the new Catalogue of Sewage Treatment and Reuse. For example, if the sewage treatment facilities of this project are self-built, have biochemical treatment units, are not directly discharged into surface water bodies, and contain no heavy metals, then only EIA registration is required.
Another example is a paper product manufacturing project. If boilers are built for production at the same time, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the EIA category of paper products projects and the EIA category of thermal production and supply projects, which should be determined according to the highest single level.
However, "two or more project categories" should be accurate and realistic, and cannot be copied mechanically. For example, the printed circuit board manufacturing project needs to make a report, and the electroplating process involved in normal circuit board manufacturing has been considered when making the list. At this time, it is impossible to mechanically refer to metal surface treatment as "electroplating process" and require this project to make a report.
For another example, a metal product manufacturing project has only simple mechanical processing (turning, milling, shot blasting, etc.). ) or using a small amount of water-based paint will produce a small amount of smoke and VOCs, which will more or less produce some hazardous waste, which may be less than one barrel a year, so it may not be included in the EIA management. Although the hazardous waste generated by this project needs to be temporarily stored, labeled and disposed according to the requirements of hazardous waste management, the "other" in the subcategory of hazardous waste utilization and disposal cannot be mechanically copied, and the project is required to make a report form.
What types of parks can no longer carry out planning EIA separately?
With the development of economy, industrial parks have become an important leading area of regional economic development, an important gathering area of industrial development, a concentrated area of environmental pollution and a prominent area of environmental risks in China. At the same time, it is also one of the important areas of the State Council's reform of "simplifying administration and decentralizing power, strengthening supervision and improving services".
In 2020, the National Environmental Assessment Training Course invited relevant personnel of industrial park management agencies to participate for the first time. This is an innovative measure to promote the implementation of the main responsibility, which is conducive to directly conveying the management requirements, work direction and work focus to the responsible subject.
Regarding the environmental impact assessment document of industrial parks, 20 1 1 issued the Notice on Strengthening the Environmental Impact Assessment of Industrial Park Planning (hereinafter referred to as the Notice). The newly issued Opinions on Further Strengthening the Environmental Impact Assessment of Industrial Park Planning (hereinafter referred to as Opinions) is a revision and adjustment of the Notice. So, what are the key points to pay attention to after the adjustment?
We have noticed that in the notice issued on 20 1 1, among the requirements of "which types of parks should carry out planning environmental assessment"-national and provincial: economic and technological development zones, high-tech development zones, bonded zones, export processing zones, border economic cooperation zones and other development zones established by the provincial people's government approved by the State Council. The newly issued opinions are expressed as-national and provincial: economic and technological development zones, high-tech industrial development zones, tourist resorts and other industrial parks approved by the State Council and its relevant departments and provincial people's governments.
Focus! The new version of the Opinions no longer requires special customs supervision areas such as bonded areas and export processing zones to conduct planning environmental assessment separately. It is reported that such parks account for about a quarter of the total number of state-level development zones.
The reason is that such special customs supervision areas as national bonded zones, bonded port areas, comprehensive bonded zones and export processing zones usually have a single function and a small area, and most of them are mainly export-oriented processing and manufacturing, logistics warehousing and entrepot trade. And most of them rely on the construction of peripheral parks without separate planning.
In practical work, some places have incorporated the above-mentioned parks into relevant local plans and carried out environmental impact assessment as a whole, which can effectively play a guiding role in the development of parks on the premise of ensuring quality. Therefore, the Opinions no longer require such parks to carry out planning environmental impact assessment separately.
In addition, in recent years, some departments have approved the establishment of high-tech zones and agglomeration zones focusing on characteristic industries, and the Opinions also take them into account. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct environmental impact assessment when planning the development and construction of the park.
What needs to be clear is that the industrial park management organization is the main body responsible for the environmental impact assessment of industrial park planning, and is responsible for the quality and conclusion of the environmental impact assessment of planning. In other words, the industrial park management organization should take responsibility now. If you take it lightly and pay insufficient attention, you will bear the consequences of responsibility.
What should industrial park management agencies do?
1. Carry out planning environmental assessment according to law, provide basic information truthfully, and carefully study the optimization and adjustment suggestions put forward by planning environmental assessment technical institutions. Organize consultation, consultation, etc.
2. Incorporate the planning EIA conclusions and review opinions into the planning.
3, timely organization to carry out planning environmental impact tracking evaluation.
4.* * * Enjoy the environmental quality and planning EIA information of the industrial park, and coordinate the construction of environmental monitoring network.
What will happen if the regulatory authorities find that the basic data of planning EIA compilation quality is seriously inaccurate, does not meet the requirements of laws and regulations, can not provide technical support for planning optimization and adjustment, or even resort to deceit? The management institutions of industrial parks and the planning EIA technical institutions entrusted by them will be dealt with according to laws and regulations. Therefore, industrial parks should attach great importance to planning environmental assessment.
The Ministry of Ecology and Environmental Protection has a follow-up supervision plan. Not only will the verification be carried out according to law, the environmental impact assessment of industrial park planning will be arranged regularly and the development and implementation of the assessment will be tracked, but also the method of "regular inspection+irregular spot check" will be adopted to strengthen the supervision of report quality, focusing on the quality of report preparation and the implementation of planning environmental impact assessment.