Wenzhou belongs to subtropical monsoon climate zone, with obvious alternation of winter and summer monsoon, moderate temperature, four distinct seasons, abundant rainfall and fertile soil.

Apricot trees are produced all over China, and most of them are cultivated. They have strong adaptability, deep roots, like light, drought resistance, cold resistance and wind resistance, and their life span can reach more than 100 years. They are the main cultivated fruit trees in low mountains and hills.

cultivation techniques

(1) Colonization

Choose sandy loam with deep soil layer and good drainage to avoid low-lying and waterlogged areas. The row spacing between plants is 1.5m× 4m, north-south direction. Planting hole depth1m×1m× 0.8m. Applying decomposed organic fertilizer to each hole is about 10 kg. When planting, the seedlings are planted at the same level. Put the seedlings into the hole, and when the soil is buried to 1/3, lift the seedlings upward, so that the roots can be fully stretched, and then add soil to be practical. After planting, water is poured into the tree hole, and then dried at the height of 50- 1500px, and 4-6 full buds are left after cutting. Fast-growing seedlings planted in winter must be ridged for cold protection in winter, and the ridging height is 40- 1250px.

(2) Fertilizer and water

When the new shoots grow to about 15 cm, apply quick-acting fertilizer, and alternately apply underground topdressing and foliar spraying. From the end of September to the beginning of 10, organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer were applied. After the shed is closed, urea is applied before germination, potassium sulfate compound fertilizer is applied after flowering to the fruit expansion stage, and urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 10- 15 days are sprayed, which can simultaneously spray 500 times of bacterial liquid. Water the seedlings once after planting, and then determine the amount and time of watering according to the specific situation.

(3) Pruning

At the end of May and the beginning of June, the stems and buds were fixed, 7- 12 buds with good angles were selected, and the rest were smoothed. When the new shoots are 40 cm long, choose 2-4 key cultivation and carry out V-shaped or happy pruning. The remaining new branches are cored to promote two branches, and the branches with upright back are repeatedly cored, and too many dense branches are erased. 165438+1Spraying urea in early October promotes early defoliation.

Before the fruit expands to maturity, the new shoots should be cored many times to control the vigorous growth of the new shoots, improve the fruit setting rate and the weight of a single fruit, and smooth or twist the new shoots standing on the back to prevent the "trees growing on the trees" from deteriorating the illumination inside the crown. After the fruit is harvested and uncovered in the first half of May, the combination of internal shrinkage and thinning can adjust the growth balance of the tree and prevent the compensatory growth.

Young trees and first-bearing trees should be pruned in winter, taking into account shaping and fruiting. Main branches, lateral branches and extended branches should be lightly cut and extended, and generally two-thirds of the total branch length should be left for short cutting. The developing branches with moderate growth and relatively wide angle should be released slowly, so that the sprouting branches are short and medium, the number of fruiting branches increases, and the fruiting branches are retracted in time after flowering or fruiting. The middle and short branches have a large angle and are easy to bloom, so try to keep them. For young trees with weak growth potential, they should be appropriately shortened, dense branches and twigs should be removed, thicker branches should be kept, and upright branches should be flattened as auxiliary branches to promote the development of thick and short fruit branches.

In the full fruit period, trees should be thinned and weakened according to the growth of branches and the spatial situation of each part of the crown, so as to maintain stable fruiting parts and growth potential. Weak main branches, lateral branches, perennial auxiliary branches, fruiting branches and drooping branches retract at strong branches to restore growth momentum. Renew and rejuvenate the lower and inner branches of the crown in time, so that fruit trees can continuously produce new and robust fruiting branches.

In the aging stage, trees change their heads by using branches with small back angle and vigorous growth in the middle and lower parts, or shrink into upright branches to promote the germination and renewal of cryptobuds. Long branches with suitable positions should be cultivated into main branches and fruiting branches. For the bearing branches and bearing branches, based on the principle of "removing the weak and retaining the strong", we choose to keep the robust branches and buds for updating and pruning. If the tree is extremely weak, the regeneration is difficult to be effective. Under the premise of strengthening fertilizer and water management, the main branches and large branches can be regenerated in a large number in 10- 15 years, and a large number of new branches can sprout in that year. Bud smearing in summer, coring, shaping and pruning in winter can blossom and bear fruit in the next year and restore a certain yield.