202 1 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine announced. American scientists David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian won prizes for their discoveries in sensing temperature and touch.
In 2020, American scientists Harvey Alte, Charles Rice and British scientist michael houghton won prizes for their contribution to the discovery of hepatitis C virus.
In 20 19, American scientists William Carlin, Greg Semenza and British scientist Peter ratcliffe won prizes for their contribution to "discovering how cells perceive and adapt to oxygen supply".
In 20 18, American immunologist James Allison and Japanese immunologist Tasuku Honjo won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering cancer therapies that inhibit negative immunoregulation. In 20 17, American scientists Jeffrey Hall, Michael Rothbash and Micha?l Youn won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for explaining how many animals, plants and humans adapt biological rhythms to day and night changes as the earth rotates.
20 16 Japanese molecular cell biologist yoshinori ohsumi won the nobel prize in physiology or medicine for discovering the mechanism of autophagy.
In 20 15, Tu Youyou, a scientist from China, won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for "proposing the treatment of artemisinin and dihydroartemisinin with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine". At the same time, Irish scientist william campbell and Japanese scientist Satoshi Omura both won prizes for "discovering a new method to treat ascaris parasitic infection".
In 20 14, British scientist John O'Keefe and Norwegian scientists Edvard Moser and May Brett Moso won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for "discovering the cells that make up the brain localization system".
In 20 13, American scientists James E. Rothman and Randy W. Schekman and German scientist Thomas C. Sudhoff won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their "new discoveries in the field of intracellular transport system, and they discovered the operation and regulation mechanism of cellular vesicle traffic".
20 12 British scientist sir john gordon and Japanese scientist shinya yamanaka won the nobel prize in physiology or medicine for "discovering that mature cells can be rewritten into multifunctional cells".
20 1 1 China scientist bruce butler and French scientist Jules holman won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for "discovering the activation of innate immune mechanism". Canadian scientist ralph steinman also won the prize for "discovering dendritic cells and their role in acquired immunity".