Peach is a plant of Rosaceae and Peach.
Peach trees, 3 to 8 meters high; The crown is wide and flat; The bark is dark reddish brown and rough and scaly when it is old; Branchlets are slender, hairless, shiny and green, turn red in the sun and have many small lenticels; Winter buds are cone-shaped, the top is blunt and round, with pubescence outside, often 2-3 clusters, with leaf buds in the middle and flower buds on both sides.
The leaf blade is oblong-lanceolate, elliptic-lanceolate or obovate-lanceolate, 7-65438 05cm long and 2-3.5cm wide, with a tapering apex, a wide wedge-shaped base, a hairless upper surface, a small amount of short hairs or a hairless lower surface between the axils of the vein, fine serrations or coarse serrations at the leaf margin, and glands or glands at the tooth tips; Petiole stout, long 1 to 2 cm, often with 1 to several glands, sometimes without glands.
Flowers solitary, open before leaves, 2.5 to 3.5 cm in diameter; Pedicel very short or almost sessile; Calyx tube bell-shaped, pubescent, sparsely hairless, green with red spots; Sepals ovate to oblong, obtuse at the top, pubescent outside; Petals oblong-elliptic to broadly obovate, pink, rarely white; Stamens about 20 to 30, anthers deep red; Style almost as long as stamens or slightly shorter; Ovary pubescent.
Fruits vary in shape and size, oval, wide oval or oblate, with a diameter of 3 ~ 12cm, equal in length and width, and ranging in color from light green, white to orange. They often glow on the sunny side, and the outside is densely pubescent, sparse and hairless, with obvious abdominal seams, and the fruit stalk is short and deep into the fruit depression. The pulp is white, light green white, yellow, orange yellow or red, and the juice is fragrant, sweet or sour; The nucleus is large, detached or sticky, oval or nearly round, flat on both sides, tapering at the top, with longitudinal, transverse grooves and holes on the surface; Seed kernel tastes bitter, thin and sweet. The flowering period is from March to April, and the fruit maturity varies with varieties, usually from August to September.
Peach trees can withstand the low temperature below -22℃ during dormancy, and generally will not suffer from freezing injury. They can tolerate the low temperature of about -3℃ in bud stage and -2℃ in flowering stage. When they encounter a low temperature of-1℃ in the young fruit period, freezing injury will occur. The lower the temperature, the longer the time, and the more serious the freezing damage.
Main value
nutrition
Peach is known as "Shoutao" and "Xiantao". Because of its delicious meat, it is also called "the first fruit in the world". Peach meat contains protein, fat, carbohydrate, crude fiber, calcium, phosphorus, iron, carotene, vitamin B 1, organic acids (mainly malic acid and citric acid), sugar (mainly glucose, fructose, sucrose and xylose) and volatile oil.
eat
The gum secreted by peach tree trunk, commonly known as peach gum, can be used as adhesive. It is a polysaccharide, which can be produced by hydrolysis. Arabinose, galactose, xylose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, etc. It can be eaten and used as medicine, and has the effect of benefiting qi.
artware
Peach is a symbol of good luck and peace.
There are many kinds of mahogany handicrafts, and now a variety of mahogany products have been developed, such as three-dimensional carving, plane carving, hollow carving, line carving, mahogany ruyi, mahogany style and so on.